References

References

GENERAL INTRODUCTION (pp. 1–18)

1. John Webb, A Vindication of Stone-Heng Restored, 1665, p.36.

2. B.O.L., Fourth Earl of Bedford's commonplacebooks, no. 25, no pagination.

3. Ibid., no. 22, p. 91.

4. P.R.O., C6/5/171.

5. [Samuel Sorbière], Relation d'un Voyage en Angleterre, Paris, 1664, p. 34.

6. William Harris, Some Memoris of . . . Thomas Manton, D.D., 1725, pp. 17–18.

7. Guildhall Library, MS. 4329/4, f. 332.

8. CWA.

9. John Evelyn, London Revived, ed. E. S. de Beer,1938, pp. 49–50.

10. The Grub-street Journal, 26 Sept. 1734.

11. C. V. Wedgwood, Thomas Wentworth, First Earl of Strafford, 1961, pp. 210, 267, 280.

12. P.R.O., PC2/43, p. 199, and Cal. S.P. Dom. for the years 1633 to 1636 and 1639 passim.

13. P.R.O., SP 16/314, no. 83.

14. See D. Brunton and D. H. Pennington, Members of the Long Parliament, 1954.

15. P.R.O., SP16/254, no. 22; R.B.

16. P.R.O., SP16/314, no. 83; SP29/16, p. 191; SP29/32, pp. 59–62; J. S. Burn, The History of the . . . Foreign Protestant Refugees, 1846, pp. 109–10; R.B.

17. P.R.O., C10/46/45.

18. Ibid., C9/5/149.

19. Cal. of Committee for Advance of Money, 1642–1656, passim.

20. Earl of Clarendon, The History of the Rebellion, 1888 ed., vol. 2, p. 430; B.M., Add. MS. 10116, pp. 275–7.

21. W.P.L., H. 805, pp. 91, 94–7.

22. The Compleat Tradesman, 1684. p. 31 (B.M. pressmark 712 a 3).

23. Walpole Society, vol. 22, 1934 (George Vertue Note Book, III), p. 30.

24. The Court Kalendar, 1733; The Court and City Register, 1743, 1762; R.B.

25. E BER, King Street, lease of 2 Feb. 1818 to John Lee (appended correspondence).

26. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1887, p. 172.

27. Ibid., Annual Report, 1861, pp. 112–13.

28. M.L.R. 1843, 8 130.

29. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1893, p. 107; 1894, p. 140.

CHAPTER I (pp. 19–52)

The Bedford Estate

1. P.R.O., C142/435, no. 118.

2. Westminster Abbey, Muniment 17086.

3. Ibid., Muniments 17136, 18836–7, 18843; P.R.O., C54/302, m.27.

4. Westminster Abbey, Muniment 17136.

5. Customary of the Benedictine Monasteries of St. Augustine, Canterbury and St. Peter, Westminster, ed. Sir Edward Maunde Thompson, vol. 2, 1904, pp. 89–91.

6. Westminster Abbey, Muniments 18834–7, 18843, 18881–2.

7. E. H. Pearce, Walter de Wenlok, 1920, p. 175.

8. Westminster Abbey, Muniment 19845.

9. Ibid., Muniments 18834, 18881.

10. Ibid., Muniments 18834–7, 18843, 18881–2, 18885, 18895–8, 18901, 18917, 18958.

11. Information kindly supplied by Mr. D. V. Stern.

12. Westminster Abbey, Muniment 18897.

13. Ibid., Muniment 18898.

14. Ibid., Register Book 1, f. 56b.

15. Ibid., Muniment 17975.

16. Ibid., Register Book 2, f. 259b.

17. P.R.O., C65 146, no. 12.

18. Ibid., C1/736/47.

19. Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1538, p. 583.

20. P.R.O., SC6/Hen. VIII/2102, 2104.

21. Ibid., SC6/Ed. VI, 298.

22. Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1547–1548, pp. 124–33.

23. P.R.O., C66/845.

24. Richard W. Emery, 'The Friars of the Blessed Mary and the Pied Friars', in Speculum, vol. xxiv, 1949, pp. 228–38.

25. Thomas Walsingham, Historia Anglicana, 1863, vol. 1, p. 182.

26. Westminster Abbey, Domesday Cartulary, f. 112.

27. Cal. Close Rolls, 1313–1318, p. 503.

28. Westminster Abbey, Muniments 17166, 19627– 19628, 19630, 19633, 19634.

29. Ibid., Muniment 17166.

30. Ibid., Register Book 2, f. 209b.

31. Ibid., Muniment 18881.

32. Ibid., Register Book 1, f. 59.

33. Ibid., Register Book 2, f. 210.

34. Cal. L. and P. Henry VIII, Jan.—Aug. 1540, p. 24; P.R.O., SC6/Hen. VIII/2415.

35. P.R.O., C66/701, no. 1.

36. Ibid., C142/211, no. 182.

37. B.O.L., Muniment Register II, p. 1024, E, no. 4.

38. Ibid., pp. 1014–5, D, bundle 6, nos. 1–7.

39. Ibid., pp. 986–91, A, bundle 9, nos. 1–24 and bundle 11, nos. 1–22; B.O.L., Terrier, 1795.

40. Gladys Scott Thomson, Family Background, 1949, pp. 204–14.

41. Ibid., pp. 218–26.

42. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1854, p. 10.

43. Thomson, op. cit., pp. 200–1.

44. Ibid., pp. 85–6.

45. Survey of London, vol. XVIII, 1937, p. 120.

46. P.R.O., C142/211, no. 183.

47. Bedfordshire Record Office, Russell Papers, box 355.

48. P.R.O., C54/571, no. 30; E/BER, Muniments of Title, Middlesex, E, nos. 1, 2; Northamptonshire Record Office, Burghley House MSS., 5/21.

49. E/BER, Muniments of Title, Middlesex, E, no. 1.

50. P.R.O., SP12/197, no. 41.

51. Ibid.; Bedfordshire County Record Office, Russell Papers, box 355, 1588.

52. John Strype, A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster, 1720, vol. 11, bk. IV, p. 109.

53. B.O.L., Muniment Register II, p. 1034, General Evidences Devon, bundle 1, no. 35.

54. Bedfordshire Record Office, Russell Papers, box 355, rental, 1588.

55. Ibid., box 355, rentals, 1592, 1593.

56. E/BER, rental, 1618.

57. P.R.O., SP12/199, no. 17.

58. E/BER, lease of 2 July 1599 to J. Dauson.

59. Ibid., St. Martin's Lane, lease of 1 April 1598 to W. Dawson.

60. Ibid., Drury Lane, leases of 13 Dec. 1614 to F. Dod and Sir W. Slyngisbye.

61. Ibid., Drury Lane, lease of 16 March 1615/16 to Sir E. Cecil; Maiden Lane, lease of 1 Dec. 1613 to R. Jones; Long Acre, lease of 26 Nov. 1618 to Sir H. Fane; Muniments of Title, Middlesex, E, no. 5; Cal. S.P. Dom. 1638– 1639, p. 348.

62. E/BER, Drury Lane, lease of 14 June 1635 to J. Hargrove; Survey, 1627.

63. B.O.L., Muniment Register II, pp. 1035–6, General Evidences Devon, bundle 2, no. 13.

64. P.R.O., SP12/195, no. 48.

65. Bedfordshire Record Office, Russell Papers, box 355, rental, 1589.

66. B.O.L., Letters Patent 30 July 1601 and 23 June 1603.

67. P.R.O., SP14/53, no. 118.

68. B.O.L., The effect of Lord Russell's request (N.D.); P.R.O., SP14/53, no. 118.

69. Devonshire Record Office, 1258M/General Evidences, bundle 3, no. 15.

70. Ibid., bundle 4, no. 17.

71. E/BER, Muniments of Title, Middlesex, G, bundle 1, no. 14.

72. John Summerson, Georgian London, 1945, p. 14.

73. P.P., Report from the Select Committee of the House of Commons on Town Holdings, 1887, vol. XIII, p. 577.

74. A Proclamation concerning Buildings, 2 May 1625 (B.M. pressmark C112 h 2(40)).

75. Sir John Summerson, Inigo Jones (Pelican Books), 1966, pp. 31, 34–7.

76. P.R.O., C66/2349, no. 3.

77. Cal. S.P. Dom. 1629–1631, p. 9.

78. A Proclamation Concerning New Buildings, 16 July 1630 (B.M. pressmark C112. h. 2. (137)).

79. P.R.O., C66/2535, no.36 (to the Earl of Bedford); C66/2535, no. 35 (to William Gifford); SP16/198. no. 36 (to the Earl of Leicester).

80. Ibid., SP16/163, no. 47.

81. Ibid., E401/1917.

82. Ibid., SP16/182, no. 34.

83. Ibid., C66/2535, no. 36.

84. E/BER, Account for building St. Paul's Church, 1630–5.

85. P.R.O., SP16/402, no. 75.

86. Ibid., C3/420/24.

87. E/BER, Survey, 1635.

88. H.M.C., Cowper MSS., vol. 11, 1888, p. 167.

89. E/BER, King Street, lease of 10 July 1633, to M. Aubert.

90. William Prynne, Hidden Workes of Darkenes Brought to Publike Light, 1645 p. 196.

91. Survey of London. vol.111, 1912, pp. 9–10.

92. Prynne, op.cit., p. 203.

93. Information kindly supplied by Sir John Summerson.

94. B.O.L., Muniment Register II, pp. 1010, 1016, D. bundle 3, no. 1, bundle 4, no. 3, bundle 8, no. 3.

95. Walpole Society, vol. 7, 1919 (The Note-Book and Account-Book of Nicholas Stone), ed. A. J. Finberg, pp. 115. 127.

96. The Publications of the Huguenot Society, vol. XVIII, 1911, p. 53.

97. R. C. Gunton, The Building of Hatfield House, July 1895 (typescript at Hatfield House), pp. 298–9.

98. Isaac de Caus, Nouvelle Invention de Lever L'Eau Plus Haut, 1644.

99. Per Palme, Triumph of Peace, 1957, p. 66.

100. H. M. Colvin, 'The South Front of Wilton House', in The Archaeological Journal, vol. CXI. 1955. pp. 181–90.

101. W.P.L., St. Martin in the Fields Poor Rate Ledgers, 1630–4; E/BER, Survey, 1635; P.R.O., C6/139/119.

102. E/BER, Charles Street, lease of 20 Feb. 1634/5 to R. Hope.

103. Ibid., Hart Street, lease of 2 May 1632 to J. Parker.

104. Ibid., Henrietta Street, lease of 23 Nov. 1632 to W. Newton.

105. E/BER, Accounts, A Booke of the perticuler charge for the Portico Buildings . . ., 1635.

106. P.C.C., 377 Aylett.

107. P.R.O., C9/25/27.

108. P.C.C. 110 Scroope; information kindly supplied by Sir John Summerson.

109. Sir John Summerson, Inigo Jones, Lecture on a Master Mind, British Academy, 1964, p. 184; Sir John Summerson, Inigo Jones (Pelican Books), 1966, pp. 136–7.

110. E/BER, King Street, lease of 19 July 1633 to E. Carter.

111. R.B.

112. B.O.L., Correspondence, Carter to Earl of Bedford, 18 Jan. 1638/9.

113. E/BER, Bedford Street, lease of 1 June 1631 to J. Benson.

114. Palme, op. cit., pp. 64–5.

115. E/BER, King Street, lease of 1 June 1631 to R. Bries.

116. Ibid., Rental, 1637.

117. Ibid., Half Moon Street, lease of 11 Dec. 1634 to R. Rider.

118. Hatfield House, Cecil family and estate papers, accounts 160/1; Gunton, loc. cit. (no. 97 above).

119. Colvin.

120. W.P.L., St. Martin in the Fields Poor Rate Ledger, 1634.

121. E/BER, vouchers, Bedford House, 1660–90.

122. Bedfordshire Record Office, Russell Papers, box 355, account, 1702.

123. Palme, op. cit., (no.99 above), p. 208.

124. E/BER, King Street, lease of 20 Aug. 1631 to T. Turney.

125. Ibid., Henrietta Street, lease of 23 Nov. 1632 to W. Newton.

126. Ibid., Bedford Street, lease of 27 May 1633 to S. Tayler, 24 Jan. 1634/5 to G. Barber and 13 March 1634/5 to J. Fendall, R. Clayton. J. Honner, and S. Smith.

127. Ibid., King Street, lease of 10 May 1632 to T. Constable.

128. Ibid., King Street, leases of 10 July 1633 to M. Browne.

129. Ibid., King Street, lease of 3 March 1632/3 to T.Turney.

130. Ibid., Henrietta Street, lease of 16 July 1633 to E. Palmer.

131. Ibid., Tavistock Row, lease of 14 Jan. 1633/4 to R. Scawen.

132. Ibid., Bedford Street, lease of 13 March 1634/5 to J. Fendall.

133. Ibid., James Street, leases of 14 Aug., 21 Aug. 1635 to J. Parker, J. Ward, and R. Horne.

134. Ibid., Piazza, leases of 20 Nov. 1635, 5 July, 19 May 1636, 24 Feb. 1636/7 to R. Vesey, T. Barnes, H. Sparkes and E. Keyser.

135. Ibid., Piazza, lease of 30 Nov. 1639 to Sir E. Verney; Archaeologia, vol. xxxv, 1853, pp. 194–6.

136. P.R.O., C54/2346, no. 32.

137. E/BER, Muniments of Title, Middlesex, E, no.8.

138. P.R.O., C5/402/194.

139. Corporation of London Records Office, Letter Book K, f. 180b.

140. Ibid., Letter Book L, f. 289b.

141. Ibid., Journals 15, f. 383b; 22, f. 312b; Repertories 14, f. 470; 43, f. 139; 46, ff. 348–9.

142. Ibid., Repertory 46, ff. 122b, 128; Cal. S.P. Dom. 1631–1633, p. 282.

143. E/BER, Muniments of Title, Middlesex, G, bundle 1, no. 19.

144. P.R.O., C66/2615, no. 7.

145. Cal. S.P. Dom. 1633–1634, pp. 266, 576.

146. P.R.O., PC2/44, p. 217.

147. Cal. S.P. Dom. 1634–1635, pp. 340, 347, 423.

148. Ibid., p. 347; Survey of London, vol. XVIII, 1937, P. 25.

149. P.R.O., PC2/45, p. 347.

150. Ibid., PC2/43, pp. 281–2.

151. Cal. S.P. Dom. 1631–1633, pp. 426–7; B.M., Add. MS. 38170, f. 356.

152. P.R.O., C66, 2627, no. 3.

153. W. Knowler, The Earl of Strafforde's Letters and Dispatches, 1739, vol. 1, pp. 206, 263.

154. P.R.O., C66/2677, no. 23.

155. Knowler, op. cit., vol. 1, p. 372.

156. P.R.O., E401/1922, 22 April, 4 May 1635.

157. Ibid., PC2/43, pp. 592, 659; John Rushworth, Historical Collections, part 2, Appendix, pp. 66–7.

158. Cal. S.P. Dom. 1634–1635, p. 488; ibid., 1637, p. 172.

159. P.R.O., C66/2692, no. 1.

160. P.P., Report from the Select Committee of the House of Commons on Town Holdings, 1887, vol. XIII, p. 576.

161. L. Stone, The Crisis of the Aristocracy 1558–1641, 1965, pp. 360–1.

162. Gladys Scott Thomson, Life in a Noble Household 1641–1700, 1937, pp. 44–5.

163. Cal. S.P. Dom. 1640–1641, pp. 439, 565–7.

164. 16 and 17 Car. I, c. 8, private (House of Lords Act no. 30).

165. Acts and Ordinances of the Interregnum, vol. 2, pp. 1223–34.

166. Sir John Summerson's notes on MSS. formerly at Woburn Abbey.

167. Diary of Thomas Burton, Esq., ed. Towill Rutt, 1828, vol. 11, pp. 180–2.

168. E/BER, Valuation, 1657.

169. Bedfordshire Record Office, Russell Papers, box 355, rental, 1652.

170. E/BER, Bedford Street, lease of 13 March 1634/5 to R. Clayton.

171. B.O.L., Muniment Register 11, passim.

172. 14 Car. II, c. 2, public.

173. Brasenose College Muniments, London, b 24, 27, 28, 33, 34, 43.

174. P.R.O., PC2/63, p. 341.

175. Burghley House MSS., 5/17.

176. Ibid., 25/1.

177. Hatfield House, Cecil family and estate papers, legal 196/1, deed 184/5.

178. P.R.O., C66/3140, no. 16.

179. This account of the fifth Earl's estate manage ment is based on leases in E/BER.

180. G.E.C.

181. B.O.L., Estate Papers, Proposalls on the behalf of ... the Duke of Bedford; W.P.L., box 27, nos. 14a, b.

182. E/BER, vouchers, 1700–6.

183. Ibid., Bedford Ground leases, passim.

184. J. Macky, A Journey through England, 1714, vol. 1, p. 117.

185. E/BER, Southampton Street, leases of 26 Nov. 1707 to E. and M. Ridley, 31 Dec. 1707 to J. Wells, 10 March 1707/8 to C. Whitaker, 10 June 1708 to C. Steffkin, 19 Nov. 1708 to R. Shelton.

186. B.O.L., Estate Papers, An estimate of the Charge of building of six houses in Bedford Ground.

187. Ibid., 'that houses are to be renew'd in Covent Garden', 5 Oct. 1710; E/BER, vouchers, 1700–6.

188. B.O.L., Estate Papers, petition of J. Prince.

189. E/Ber, tenancy agreements and building con tracts.

190. 6 Anne, c. 31, public.

191. 7 Anne, c. 17, public.

192. E/BER, Tavistock Street, lease of 14 May 1708 to W. Holmes; Southampton Street, leases of 10 April 1708 to F. Oakeley, 14 May 1708 to W. Holmes; R. B.; G.L.R.O.(M), LV(W) 12/9, 16.

193. E/BER, Broad Court, leases of 1745–7.

194. Ibid., letter of 26 June 1744 in vouchers of c. 1660–1728.

195. Resolutions of the Associated Architects; with the Report of a Committee by them appointed to consider the Causes of the frequent Fires, and the best means of preventing the like in future, 1793 (copy in B.O.L.).

196. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1816.

197. E/BER, Estate Papers, sale documents, table of receipts.

198. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1892, p. 74.

199. Ibid., 1892, p. 5.

200. Ibid., 1863, p. 8.

201. Ibid., 1858, p. 59.

202. Ibid., London Reports, vol. 2, p. 390.

203. Ibid., Annual Report, 1858, p. 57.

204. Ibid., London Reports, vol. 2, pp. 230, 473.

205. Ibid., vol. 1, p. 245.

206. Ibid., vol. 3, p. 69.

207. Ibid., Correspondence, Haedy to Duke of Bedford, 20 Nov. 1840.

208. CWA, 1700 et seq.; B.O.L., Correspondence, passim.

209. E/BER, file of letters about Venison Feast.

210. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1820.

211. Ibid., 1835.

212. Ibid., 1879, vol. 2, p. 6.

213. Ibid., London Reports, vol. 1, p. 151.

214. 7 Geo. IV, c. 77, public.

215. B.O.L., Muniment Register II, pp. 1010–12, 1021, III, p. 59; Fifth Report of the Commissioners of His Majesty's Woods, Forests, and Land Revenues, 1826, Appendix 23; Sixth Report..., 1829, p. 148; Eighth Report..., 1831, p. 51.

216. 1 and 2 William IV, c. 29, public.

217. P.R.O., CREST 26/163, 1 March 1830.

218. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1850, p. 3.

219. Survey of London, vol. XXXIV, 1966, p. 351.

220. B.O.L., Annual Reports, 1844, pp. 24–5; 1845, pp. 11–12.

221. Ibid., Correspondence, Duke of Bedford to Haedy, 10 Oct. 1845.

222. Ibid., Annual Report, 1845, pp. 11–12.

223. Percy J. Edwards, History of London Street Improvements, 1855–1897, 1898, p. 26.

224. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1850, pp. 3–4.

225. Ibid., 1856, pp. 4–5; 1857, p. 6; 20 and 21 Vict., c. 115, local.

226. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1858, pp. 4–5.

227. Edwards, op. cit., p. 27.

228. The Builder, 18 Jan. 1868, p. 51.

229. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1894, p. 206.

230. Ibid., Annual Report, 1861, p. 111; Edwards, op. cit., p. 26.

231. B.O.L., Annual Reports, 1862, p. 80; 1864, p. 14; 1867, vol. 1, p. 169.

232. Ibid., 1867, vol. 1, p. 170.

233. Ibid., Correspondence, Duke of Bedford to Haedy, 10 Oct. 1845.

234. Ibid., Annual Report, 1854, pp. 2–3.

235. Ibid., 1857, p. 6; London Reports, vol. 2, p. 13.

236. Ibid., Annual Report, 1860, pp. 2–3.

237. Ibid., 1861, p. 110.

238. Ibid., pp. 112–13.

239. Ibid., 1860, pp. 2–3.

240. Ibid., London Reports, vol. 2, pp. 8–11.

241. Ibid., p. 107.

242. Ibid., Annual Report, 1887, p. 172.

243. Ibid., 1861, p. 110.

244. Ibid., 1857, p. 5; 1861, p. 109.

245. P.P., Report from the Select Committee of the House of Commons on Town Holdings, 1887, vol. XIII, p. 568.

246. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1877, vol. 2, p. 1.

247. Ibid., London Reports, vol. 2, p. 221; vol. 3, p. 158; E/BER, licence of 10 Dec. 1902.

248. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1877, vol. 2, pp. 2–3.

249. P.P., Report... on Town Holdings, 1887, pp. 565–89 passim.

250. Ibid., pp. 46, 62.

251. Frank Banfield, The Great Landlords of London, N.D., pp. 23, 75–6, 92.

252. B.O.L., London Reports, vol. 2, pp. 288–9.

253. G.L.R.O., L.C.C. Kingsway Improvement Records.

254. B.O.L., London Reports, vol. 3, p. 93; ibid., Survey, 1866.

255. Ibid., London Reports, vol. 3, pp. 173, 188, 231.

256. Ibid., vol. 3, pp. 174, 231, 344–5.

257. Ibid., vol. 4, pp. 44–9.

258. E/BER, sale document, 16 Oct. 1913.

259. B.O.L., London Reports, vol. 3, pp. 129–31.

260. Lord Ernle, Whippingham to Westminster, 1938, p. 213.

261. F.M.L. Thompson, English Landed Society in the Nineteenth Century, 1963, chapter xi passim, and esp. p. 322.

262. The Times, 17 Dec. 1913.

263. Duke of Bedford, A Great Agricultural Estate, 1897, p. 55.

264. Ibid., p. 62.

265. Ernle, op. cit., p. 201.

266. Ibid., pp. 213–14.

267. Thompson, op. cit., p. 322n.

268. Ernle, op. cit., p. 214.

269. The Times, 7 Aug. 1911.

270. E/BER, sale document, 15 Oct. 1913.

271. Ibid., bound typescript, 'Brief Account of the steps taken in the settlement of the provisional valuations in the Bedford (London) Estates, 1910–1917', pp. 5–6.

272. Ibid., pp. 3, 56–63.

273. Parliamentary Debates, Fifth Series, vol. 128, 1920, p. 83.

274. E BER, sale document, file of copies of letters.

275. The Pall Mall Gazette, 16 Dec. 1913.

276. The Property Market Review, 20 Dec. 1913.

277. E BER, sale document, file of copies of letters; The Times, 7 July 1914.

278. The Daily Telegraph, 7 July 1914.

279. The Estates Gazette, 24 Feb. 1917.

280. E/BER, sale document, 6 July 1914.

281. Sir Thomas Beecham, A Mingled Chime, 1944, p. 142.

282. E/BER, sale documents, 9 Oct., 18 Dec. 1913, 6 July 1914.

283. Beecham, op. cit., p. 142.

284. E/BER, sale document, 17 Oct. 1916.

285. Beecham, op. cit., pp. 166–7, 170; E/BER, sale document, 30 July 1918.

286. Beecham, op. cit., p. 185.

287. Ibid., p. 182; E/BER, sale document, 28 Oct. 1919.

288. Beecham, op. cit., p. 184.

289. Ibid., pp. 184–5; information kindly supplied by Mr. J. M. Keyworth and Mr. S. E. Burrows.

290. Beecham, op. cit., pp. 184–5; E/BER, sale document, correspondence file 1917–39.

291. The Estates Gazette, 24 Jan., 20 March, 24 July 1920; 22 April, 6 May, 20 May 1922.

292. E/BER, sale document, correspondence file 1917–39.

293. E/BER, sale document, 7 Sept. 1922.

294. Information kindly supplied by the Bedford Estate Office.

295. Beecham, op. cit., p. 189; Company House, file 198050.

296. Company House, file 198050.

297. The Times, 20 Jan. 1936.

298. Information kindly supplied by Mr. S. E.Burrows.

299. Company House, file 297638.

300. B.O.L., Muniment Register VII, p. 442, bundle E, no. 16.

301. The London Gazette, 14 Nov. 1938.

302. B.O.L., Muniment Register VII, p. 442, bundle E, no. 17.

CHAPTER II (pp. 53–63)

The Parish and Vestry of St. Paul

1. B.M., Harl. MS. 832, f. 28, quoted by Isabel M. Calder, Activities of the Puritan Faction of the Church of England 1625–33, 1957, p. 79.

2. P.R.O., PC2/49, pp. 71. 145–8.

3. B.M., Harl. MS. 1831, f. 32.

4. Ibid., Harl. MS. 1831, ff. 28–9.

5. G.L.R.O.(L), DL/C/344, f. 43.

6. B.O.L., Correspondence, Lane to Beaumont, 6 Dec. 1776.

7. W.P.L., F.3 (St. Martin's Churchwardens' Accounts, 1641–2), F.2002, p. 201; B.M., Harl. MS. 1831, ff. 34–7; Middlesex County Records, typescript calendar of sessions books 1638/9–44, p. 108; H.M.C., 4th Report, Appendix, 1874, p. 54b.

8. W.P.L., F.2002, p. 207.

9. P.R.O., C6/125(1)/1.

10. Ibid., C3/424/13.

11. B.O.L., Muniments of Title, Middlesex, G, bundle 2, no. 1.

12. P.R.O., C3/424/13; Journals of the House of Commons, vol. 11, pp. 80, 156, 702; Journals of the House of Lords, vol. IV, p. 172.

13. Commons' Journals, vol. IV, pp. 276-398 passim; Lords' Journals, vol. VII, PP.583, 697; vol. VIII, pp. 28, 32, 83.

14. Commons' Journals, vol. IV, pp. 424–5.

15. Lords' Journals, vol. V, pp. 553, 557.

16. Ibid., vol. VII, p. 598.

17. Acts and Ordinances of the Interregnum, ed. C. H. Firth and R. S. Rait, vol. 1, 1911, pp. 814–17, 827–8.

18. W.P.L., H.2, H.3, H.433–40.

19. Ibid., F.3 (St. Martin's Churchwardens' Accounts 1646–7), F. 2002, pp. 255, 260; P.R.O., C6/5/174.

20. Commons' Journals, vol. v, p. 509.

21. W.P.L., F. 2003, p. 40.

22. Ibid., F. 2003, between pp. 180 and 181 (Covent Garden vestry minutes, 13 March 1657/8).

23. Ibid., F.2003, p. 216.

24. Ibid., F.1092.

25. Ibid., F.2003, p. 229.

26. H.M.C., 7th Report, Appendix part 1, 1879, p. 137b.

27. Commons' Journals, vol. VIII, pp. 120, 179, 193, 231–2; Lords' Journals, vol. XI, pp. 224, 236.

28. Bedfordshire Record Office, Russell Papers, box 355, constant annual payments, 1702; E/BER, vouchers, March—June 1750; B.O.L., Annual Report, 1859, p. 29.

29. S. and B. Webb, English Local Government... The Parish and the County, 1906, p. 197.

30. 12 Car. II, c. 37, public.

31. W.P.L., H.441 et seq.

32. Ibid., H. 444.

33. Ibid., F.2003, pp. 254, 269, 274, 278.

34. Commons' Journals, vol. VIII, pp. 320, 399; W.P.L., F.2003, p. 311.

35. W.P.L., F.2003, pp. 243, 280, 282, 291.

36. Ibid., F.2003, p. 278.

37. Ibid., F.2003, p. 355; Middlesex County Records, typescript calendar of sessions books 1664–75, p. 28.

38. Middlesex County Records, typescript calendar of sessions books 1686–9, pp. 85–6; W.P.L., H.803, p. 176; H.804, p.130.

39. G.L.R.O.(L), DL/C/344, ff. 201–2.

40. New Remarks of London . . . by the Company of Parish-Clerks, 1732, p. 292.

41. W.P.L., H.807, ff. 62–4.

42. Ibid., H.805, pp. 137–52; John Gibson, The Constitutional Pamphlet, 1754; S. and B. Webb, op. cit., pp. 233, 233n., 260n.

43. W.P.L., H.845, pp. 117–19.

44. Ibid., H.803, p. 12.

45. Ibid., H.802, ff. 1–2.

46. Ibid., H.805, pp. 428–32.

47. Middlesex County Records, typescript calendar of sessions books 1718/19–1721/2, pp. 165–7; 1722–1726/7, pp. 325–6; 1729/30–2, pp. 44–46, 105–11; S. and B. Webb, op. cit., pp. 402–3.

48. W.P.L., H.805, p. 356.

49. Ibid., H.802, p. 61.

50. Ibid., H.805, pp. 99–100.

51. R. B., James Street.

52. Ibid., e.g. Henrietta Street (Solomon Moore).

53. Ibid., e.g. King Street (Geo. Shute), Bow Street (G. C. Dalmaine).

54. Ibid., Brydges Street (John Waller), Bedford Street (Charles Gresham).

55. Ibid., York Street (Wm. Capon).

56. W.P.L., H.805, pp. 99–100.

57. R.B., Southampton Street (John Spranger), King Street (John Lane).

58. W.P.L., H.805, p. 233.

59. Ibid., H.805, pp. 307–8.

60. R.B., Piazza (Humph. Tomkison), Southampton Street (Evan Foulkes).

61. W.P.L., H.461, H.462, H.464, H.467.

62. Ibid., H.484.

63. Ibid., H.804, p. 123; H.805, p. 5.

64. Ibid., H.805, pp. 118, 120–2.

65. Ibid., H.805, pp. 260, 268–9, 276.

66. R.B.

67. W.P.L., H.843, pp. 86–7.

68. Ibid., H.805, p. 315.

69. Ibid., H.805, p. 200; CWA, 1740.

70. Ibid., H.805, p. 356; CWA, 1778.

71. Ibid., H.806, p. 345.

72. Ibid., H.805, pp. 358 and minutes 17 March 1787; H.806, p. 193; M. Dorothy George, London Life in the Eighteenth Century, 1925, p. 416.

73. S. and B. Webb, op. cit., pp. 262–3.

74. W.P.L., H.807, f. 135; H.808, p. 40.

75. The Times, 8 March 1827.

76. W.P.L., H.807, f. 135; H.808, pp. 39–52; Report from the Select Committee appointed to inquire into . . . Select and other Vestries, 1830, p. 89.

77. 58 Geo. III, c. 69, public.

78. W.P.L., H.860, 17, 24 Jan. 1828; B.O.L., Correspondence, Cribb to Randolph, 6 Feb. 1828; The Times, 19 Jan. 1828.

79. B.O.L., Correspondence, Cribb to Randolph, 11 Feb. 1828; The New Times, 14 April 1828.

80. Commons' Journals, vol. LXXXIII, p. 60.

81. B.O.L., Correspondence, Bedford to Adam, 20 Dec. 1827; Randolph to Bedford, 8, 12 Feb. 1828; Haedy to Roche, 15 Feb. 1828.

82. Commons' Journals, vol. LXXXIII, pp. 86, 88–9, 99, 112; W.P.L., H.808, pp. 14–24.

83. The Times and The New Times, 27 March 1828; W.P.L., box 29, no. 16 (coloured print, Parochial affairs . . .).

84. Consideration on Select Vestries, 1828, pp. 14–15 (copy in B.M., pressmark T 1242(2)).

85. The Times and The New Times, 9–10 April 1828; W.P.L., H.860, 8 April 1828.

86. B.O.L., Correspondence, Randolph to Bedford, 12 Feb., 10 April 1828; Bedford to Adam, 11 April 1828.

87. Ibid., Haedy to Adam, 31 Dec. 1827.

88. Ibid., printed statement, 19 March 1828.

89. The New Times, 14 April 1828; W.P.L., H.808, Nov. 1828–Feb. 1829.

90. W.P.L., H.808, pp. 10–11.

91. The New Times, 26 Sept. 1828.

92. W.P.L., H.808, pp. 14–24.

93. The Times and Morning Journal, 6 Jan. 1829.

94. Commons' Journals, vol. LXXXIV, p. 68.

95. Ibid., p. 126.

96. W.P.L., H.808, pp. 69, 72; B.O.L., Correspondence, Bedford to Adam, 14 Feb. 1829.

97. Lords' Journals, vol. LXI, p. 493.

98. Commons' Journals, vol. LXXXIV, pp. 221, 292.

99. B.M., Add. MS. 35148, pp. 55–6 (Place to Hobhouse, copy dated 2 April 1828, but should be April 1830).

100. 10 Geo. IV, c. 68, public.

101. W.P.L., H.808, pp. 93–5.

102. Ibid., H.808, p. 99.

103. Report from the Select Committee . . . ut supra, 1830, pp. 89–93, 100–2, 132.

104. W.P.L., H.808, pp. 151–2, 163–9, 211–12.

105. Ibid., H.805, p. 350.

106. Ibid., H.808, pp. 130–2, 176–81; cf. Report from the Select Committee . . . ut supra, p. 102.

107. W.P.L., H.809, pp. 152 et seq.; H.842, pp. 17–18.

108. Ibid., H.809, pp. 239–44.

109. Ibid., H.842, pp. 131, 134; G.L.R.O.(L), Minutes of Board of Guardians of Strand Union, vol. 1, pp. 10, 13.

110. W.P.L., H.842, pp. 271–80, 291.

111. Ibid., H.809, pp. 294, 296–312; H.843, p. 44.

112. Ibid., H.843, p. 49.

113. G.L.R.O.(L), Minutes of Board of Guardians of Strand Union, vol. 9, pp. 27, 225, 230, 235, 320, 326–7.

114. W.P.L., H.808, pp. 291–2; H.840, p. 6; Camden Pelham, The Chronicles of Crime, 1887, vol. 11, pp. 274–305.

115. G.L.R.O.(L), Minutes of Board of Guardians of Strand Union, vol. 3, pp. 457–8, 464–5, 483–4; W.P.L., H.843, pp. 208, 222–4; Saint Paul, Covent Garden, The Evidence of James Corder, Esq. . . . upon the Poor Law Amendment Act ... with his previous Evidence on the same Subject. Also, An Address by a Rate-Payer, Feb. 1839 (B.M., pressmark CT 207(2)).

116. W.P.L., H.845, pp. 24, 110–12.

117. 18 and 19 Vict., c. 120, public.

118. 62 and 63 Vict., c. 14, public.

119. W.P.L., H.437 (overseers' receipts, 14 Dec. 1655).

120. CWA, 1673, 1675, 1677.

121. Commons' Journals, vol. xxii, p. 606.

122. Lords' Journals, vol. XXIV, p. 661.

123. 9 Geo. II, c. 13, public.

124. William Maitland, The History of London, 1739, bk. VII, p. 741.

125. W.P.L., H.806, p. 279.

126. Ibid., H.838, p. 79.

127. Ibid., CWA, H.802, f. 88.

128. Ibid., H.804, p. 150.

129. Maitland, op. cit., 1756 ed., vol. II, p. 1347.

130. 2 Geo. III, c. 21, public.

131. 5 Geo. III, c. 50, public; II Geo. III, c. 22, public.

132. Commons' Journals, vol. XXXVI, p. 138, 153, 187; Lords' Journals, vol. XXXVI, p. 668.

133. 23 Geo. III, c. 42, public.

134. B.M., 'Collection of Posters etc. relating to St. Paul's, Covent Garden', printed form of committee for paving, 2 Aug. 1824 (pressmark 747 c 23).

135. W.P.L., H.839, p. 244.

136. B.M., 'Collection of Posters', etc., printed notice, c. 1810.

137. Middlesex County Records, typescript calendar of sessions books, 1644–52, p. 117; 1683–6, p. 135; Calendar of Sessions Books, 1727–9, p. 162; churchwardens' accounts at St. Paul's Church, 1690, 1718, 1734; W.P.L., Overseers' Accounts, 1686–93.

138. W.P.L., H.802, f. 89.

139. Ibid., H.803, p. 200; H.804, p. 130; R.B.; CWA, 1735; churchwardens' accounts at St. Paul's Church, 1728.

140. Maitland, op. cit., 1739 ed., bk. VII, p. 741; W.P.L., CWA, 1737; H.805, p. 182.

141. W.P.L., H.805, p. 210.

142. Ibid., H.806, pp. 11–12.

143. Ibid., H.805, pp. 316–27 passim; B.O.L., Correspondence, petition of rector and others, 11 March 1775.

144. Lords' Journals, vol. XXXIV, p. 471.

145. 15 Geo. III, c. 50, public.

146. W.P.L., H.805, 17 March 1787.

147. Ibid., H.806, p. 25; Guildhall Library, MS. 9657, box 4, bundle 5, envelope 34.

148. Guildhall Library, MS. 9531/22, f. 27.

149. W.P.L., H.806, p. 108.

150. 36 Geo. III, c. 65, public.

151. W.P.L., H.806, p. 272; H.807, f. 30.

152. Strand Union, Report of the Board of Guardians, April 1837.

153. W.P.L., H.805, p. 356.

154. Ibid., H.806, p. 89.

155. Ibid., H.806, pp. 64, 107.

156. Ibid., H.806, pp. 89–91, 95.

157. Ibid., H.807, f. 76.

158. Ibid., H.841, p. 264; St. Paul's Church, minutes of charity school trustees, 5 June 1833.

159. W.P.L., H.809, pp. 216–19.

160. Ibid., H.809, pp. 216–19, 223; St. Paul's Church, minutes of charity school trustees, 25 Aug. 1836, 4 Jan. 1844; B.M., 'Collection of Posters' etc. (pressmark 747 c 23).

161. St. Paul's Church, minutes of charity school trustees, 8 Aug. 1822, 27 Oct. 1831.

162. Ibid., 27 May, 2 June, 25 Aug., 8 Nov. 1836, 23 Feb. 1853; R.B.; Endowed Charities (London), vol. V, 1903, p. 513.

163. W.P.L., H.844, ff. 167, 174.

164. Ibid., H.805, p. 359; H.806, p. 104; H.807, p. 58; R.B. (Hart Street and King Street).

165. Ibid., H.843, pp. 88, 125; R.B.; Reports of the British and Foreign School Society, 1832 onwards; E/BER, King Street, lease of 2 Feb. 1818 to J. Lee.

166. B.O.L., Correspondence, bundle 'Hart Street Schools'; E/BER, King Street, lease of 2 Feb. 1818 to J. Lee; see Donald J. Olsen, Town Planning in London, 1964, pp. 228–31.

167. E/BER, Hart Street, lease of 4 Dec. 1838 to Rev. G. H. Bowers et al.

168. B.O.L., Correspondence, bundle 'Hart Street Schools'; R.B. (James Street).

169. Report of the British and Foreign School Society, 1839; B.O.L., Correspondence, Bowers to Bedford, 29 Oct. 1838.

170. Endowed Charities (London), vol. v, 1903, p. 533.

171. B.O.L., Correspondence, Haedy to Bedford, 9 Feb. 1841.

172. W.P.L., H.844, f. 14.

173. Ibid., H.845, p. 342; P.O.D.

174. Reports of the British and Foreign School Society, 1840–9.

175. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1859, p. 5; 1860, p. 2.

176. See Henry-Russell Hitchcock, Early Victorian Architecture in Britain, 1954, p. 426, for Charles Parker's Villa Rustica, Third Book, 1841.

177. The Builder, 1 Dec. 1860, p. 776.

178. Endowed Charities (London), vol. v, 1903, p. 534; London School Board Minutes, 9 Dec. 1874.

179. E/BER, misc. church papers, printed annual report of St. Paul, Covent Garden, for year ending 31 Dec. 1899; London School Board Minutes, 8 Dec. 1898.

180. E/BER, misc. church papers, annual report, ut supra, and Marchant to Adderley, 2 Sept. 1918; Floral Street, tenancy agreement, 9 Dec. 1900, with E. H. Morse.

181. Endowed Charities (London), vol. v, 1903, p. 534.

182. Information kindly supplied by the National Society.

183. London School Board Minutes, 10 June, 22 July 1874.

CHAPTER III (pp. 64–76)

The Architecture of the Piazza and St. Paul's Church

1. John Strype, A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster, 1720, vol. 11, bk. VI, pp. 89 and 88.

2. The Diary of John Evelyn, ed. E. S. de Beer, 1955, vol. 11, p. 184.

3. John Evelyn, An Account of Architects and Architecture, appended to A Parallel of the Antient Architecture with the Modern, 1664.

4. S. E. Rasmussen, London: The Unique City, 1948 ed., p. 171.

5. Sir John Summerson, Inigo Jones (Pelican Books), 1966, p. 93.

6. Colen Campbell, Vitruvius Britannicus, vol. 11 [1717], plates 20–22.

7. E/BER, Account for building St. Paul's Church, 1631 onwards.

8. B.M., Dept. of Prints and Drawings, Crowle's Pennant, vol. 6, p. 15.

9. The Grub-street Journal, 3 Oct. 1734.

10. B.M., Harl. MS. 1831, f. 29.

11. Strype, op. cit., p. 87.

12. Campbell, op. cit., pp. 1–2.

13. E/BER, Accounts, A Booke of the perticuler charge for the Portico Buildings. . . . 1635.

14. William Salmon, Palladio Londoniensis, ed. E. Hoppus, 1755.

15. E/BER, Piazza, leases of 1 Nov. 1634 to E. Sydenham and 30 Nov. 1639 to Sir E. Verney; Archaeologia, vol. XXXV, 1853. pp. 194-6, quoting lease of 1 Nov. 1634 to Sir Edmund Verney.

CHAPTER IV (pp. 77–97)

The Piazza

1. E/BER, Rental, 1637; Henrietta Street leases.

2. Ibid., King Street, lease of 3 March 1632/3 to T. Turney.

3. Ibid., Henrietta Street, lease of 19 July 1633 to E. Palmer.

4. Ibid., Rental, 1637; Charles Street, lease of 20 Feb. 1634/5 to R. Hope.

5. Ibid., Piazza, lease of 14 Jan. 1633/4 to R. Scawen.

6. P.R.O., C7/57/103.

7. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 1 April 1637 to William, Lord Pagett.

8. Ibid., Piazza, lease of 1 Nov. 1634 to E. Sydenham; Archaeologia, vol. XXXV, 1853, pp. 194– 196.

9. E/BER, Piazza leases of 19 May 1636 to H. Sparkes, 5 July 1636 to T. Barnes (bis), 1 April 1637 to Lord Pagett, 20 Nov. 1635 to R. Vesey, 24 Feb. 1636/7 to E. Keyser; Bow Street, lease of 16 Nov. 1631 to J. Ward; Rental, 1637; P.R.O., C3/409/81.

10. E/BER, Accounts, A Booke of the perticuler charge for the Portico Buildings . . ., 1635.

11. The Daily Telegraph, 7 April 1933.

12. E/BER, Piazza leases, passim.

13. Evans's Music and Supper Rooms, Covent Garden, N.D. (copy in B.M., pressmark 11794 c 4).

14. [Samuel Sorbière], Relation d'un Voyaye en Angleterre, 1664, p. 34; John Strype, A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster, 1720, vol. 11, bk. VI, p. 89.

15. P.R.O., SP16/402, no. 75.

16. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 2 Dec. 1754 to M. Pearce.

17. B.M., scrapbook entitled 'Gleanings relating to the Parish of Covent Garden Westminster' (pressmark 1889 a 20).

18. E. Bénézit, Dictionaire . . .des Peintres, 1911; Margaret Whinney, Sculpture in Britain 1530 to 1830, 1964, p. 240.

19. C.WA.

20. Strype, op. cit., vol. 11, bk. VI, pp. 88–9.

21. CWA, disbursements, 1673–83, passim.

22. E/BER, King Street, lease of 20 Aug. 1689 to R. Bentley.

23. Ibid., Henrietta Street, lease of 18 March 1729 30 to H. Ethersey.

24. Ibid., King Street, lease of 1 Aug. 1753 to S. Smyth.

25. Ibid., Piazza, lease of 1 Nov. 1753 to C. Macklin.

26. Ibid., Piazza, lease of 27 Sept. 1761 to J.Pitt.

27. Ibid., Piazza, lease of 26 Sept. 1761 to J. Duberley.

28. Ibid., Piazza, lease of 21 June 1762 to J. Bosworth.

29. Ibid., Piazza, lease of 20 Nov. 1775 to J. Bunn.

30. B.O.L., Correspondence, Drury to Beaumont, 21 April 1802.

31. Ibid., Proposal Book G, p. 25.

32. Ibid., Correspondence, Wynne to Palmer, 23 March 1769.

33. Ibid., London Reports, 18 Jan. 1876, p. 434.

34. P.R.O., C10/473/26; R.B.

35. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 20 June 1692 to W. Dawes and H. Granger.

36. Ibid., Piazza, lease of 6 May 1698 to T. Hughs and J. Collins.

37. B.O.L., Correspondence, Wynne to Palmer, c. Jan. 1774.

38. Bedfordshire Record Office, Russell Papers, Correspondence, R1499, 4 Dec. 1793 to Beaumont.

39. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 30 June 1727 to A. Lewis.

40. Ibid., Piazza, lease of 21 March 1731/2 to J. Cox; R.B.

41. Ibid., Piazza, lease of 11 March 1731/2 to C. Cock; R. B.

42. R.B.

43. E/BER, tenancy agreements, 12 Sept. 1749 with W. Hunter.

44. William Maitland, The History and Survey of London, 1756, vol. 11, p. 1347.

45. An Eighteenth Century Journal, ed. John Hampden, 1940, p. 334.

46. E/BER, Piazza, leases of 5 July 1636 and 1 April 1637 to T. Barnes and William, Lord Pagett respectively; Rental, 1637.

47. Ibid., Piazza, lease of 20 Aug. 1761 to J. Inge; G.L.R.O.(M), LV(W) 79/851.

48. M.L.R. 1792/4/798; R.B.

49. M.L.R. 1792/6/122; R.B.

50. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 29 March 1802 to C. Richardson; R.B.

51. E/BER, Piazza, leases and tenancy agreements of 19 Dec. 1822–2 June 1876 to C. Richardson and A. J. Clunn; R.B.

52. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 5 July 1636 to T. Barnes.

53. Ibid., Piazza, leases of 21 March 1731/2 to J. Cox, 2 June 1876 to B. Burnet; The Universal Director. . .by Mr. Mortimer, 1763; R.B.

54. E/BER, Rental, 1637.

55. G.L.R.O.(M), LV(W), 1795 transcript; R.B.

56. E/BER, Piazza, leases of 6 Nov. 1822–2 June 1876 to G. Belshaw and F. Harrison; G.L.R.O.(M), LV(W), 1810; R.B.

57. B.O.L., London Reports, 9 Dec. 1873.

58. Ibid., London Reports, 18 Jan., 12 April 1876.

59. Ibid., Annual Report, 1877, vol. 2, p. 3; London Reports, letter book, pp. 36–7; E/BER, Church Papers, H. Clutton's bill, 18 April 1879; M.L.R. 1879/8/285–7.

60. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1877, vol. 2, p. 2; London Reports, 30 May 1893; information kindly supplied by the Bedford Settled Estates; R.B.

61. The Builder, 24 Aug. 1878, p. 875.

62. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 19 May 1636 to H. Sparkes.

63. B.O.L., Correspondence, letters of 14, 25 July 1794 from Bunn and Beaumont to Duke; Proposal Book G, p. 25.

64. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 2 Dec. 1800 to E. Marter.

65. Ibid., Piazza, leases of 30 Aug. 1856 and 14 March 1857 to R. J. Hawkes and C. Underwood, and insurance policy, 29 June 1858.

66. Ibid., Piazza, leases of 20 Dec. 1690 to Hon. R. Russell and 1 April 1731 to A. Fry and T. Connor; R.B.

67. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 6 Oct. 1788 to M. Barrett; R.B.

68. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 15 Dec. 1823 to T. Harrison; R.B.

69. P.R.O., C3/409/81.

70. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 25 Jan. 1698/9 to Lord James Russell.

71. Ibid., Piazza, lease of 10 Jan. 1742/3 to R. Haddock; R.B.; Survey of London, vol. XVI, 1935, pp. 247–8.

72. G.L.R.O.(M), LV(W) 69/938, 72/1185.

73. Bryant Lillywhite, London Coffee Houses, 1963, p. 702.

74. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 11 March 1731/2 to C. Cock.

75. Ibid., Piazza, deeds of 8 April 1845, 30 July, 3 Aug. 1859.

76. B.O.L., Proposal Book U, p. 5a.

77. Ibid., Scrapbook.

78. Ibid., Proposal Book U, p. 5a; The Builder, 3 March 1860, p. 144.

79. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1861, p. 113; Proposal Book U, p. 5a; M.L.R. 1868/11/86.

80. B.O.L., London Reports, vol. 3, pp. 240–1, 302, 377; Hanslip Fletcher, Changing London (Third Series), 1928, p. xvii.

81. E/BER, Rental, 1637; P.R.O., C3/409/81.

82. G.L.R.O.(M), LV(W) 69/929; Lillywhite, op. cit, p. 448.

83. B.O.L., Estate Papers, estimates and repairs, 1744–7; R.B.

84. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 28 Feb. 1765 to R. Maltby; M.L.R. 1760/3/274; R.B.

85. Lillywhite, op. cit., p. 714.

86. B.O.L., Correspondence, Harington to Brewer, 18 Feb. 1788.

87. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 20 Nov. 1635 to R.Vesey.

88. Walpole Society, vol. 22, 1934 (George Vertue Note Book III), PP. 21, 58; Survey of London, vol. XXXIV, 1966. P.501; R.B.

89. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 26 Sept. 1761 to J. Duberley; R.B.

90. E/BER, plans Dec. 1818–Jan. 1819; R.B.

91. E/BER, Piazza, leases of 4 March 1806 to T. Harris.

92. G.L.R.O.(L), M.B.O., District Surveyors' Returns, vol. 38, 2 Feb. 1846.

93. E/BER, papers of 9 June 1856, 16 Jan., 17 Feb. 1857; B.O.L., Annual Report, 1857, p. 33.

94. The Illustrated London News, 10 April 1858, p. 367.

95. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 1 Nov. 1634 to E. Sydenham.

96. Ibid., lease of 16 March 1730/1 to J. Rich.

97. Lillywhite, op. cit., p. 525; R.B.

98. G.L.R.O.(M), LV(W) 67/22/9; R.B.

99. E/BER, Piazza, assignment of 25 March 1785 to J. Campbell.

100. Ibid., Piazza, lease of 24 Nov. 1767 to P. Rich; B.O.L., Estate Plan, 1795; M.L.R. 1706/2/6.

101. Lillywhite, op. cit., p. 526.

102. Charles Richardson, Notices and Extracts relating to the Lion's Head, 1828, pp. 31, 35, 40–1.

103. B.M., Crace Collection Maps, portfolio xiii, sheet 48.

104. E/BER, Piazza, assignment of 1 June 1810 to S. Kinsey and R. Joy.

105. Ibid., Piazza, leases of 24 Nov. 1767 and 1 Dec. 1785 to P. Rich and S. Kinsey.

106. Ibid., Piazza, lease of 1 June 1810 to S. Kinsey and J. Wake.

107. M.L.R. 1760/2/6; R.B.

108. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 30 March 1802 to J. Wake; R.B.

109. E/BER, Piazza, assignment of 1 June 1810 to S. Kinsey and R. Joy; R.B.

110. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 17 Dec. 1823 to W. White.

111. Ibid., Piazza, leases of 8 April 1845, 5 Sept. 1872 to Mrs. A. Warner; R.B.

112. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 30 April 1740 to S. Bever; R.B.

113. G.L.R.O.(M), LV(W) 69/960.

114. Ibid., LV(W) 72/ 1177; R.B.

115. G.L.R.O.(M), LV(W), 1795 transcript; R.B.

116. E/BER, Piazza, leases of 17 June 1761 to J. Gifford and 1 Nov. 1784 to H. M. Evans and others.

117. Ibid., Piazza, lease of 14 Feb. 1805 to P. Salter; R.B.

118. Lillywhite, op. cit., p. 495; E/BER, Piazza, leases of 11 Feb. 1805, 15 Dec. 1823, 14 Jan. 1845, 24 July 1848 to P., M. and T. Salter; R.B.

119. P.O.D.

120. P.R.O., C5/462/49; Cal.S.P. Dom. 1670, p. 190.

121. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 24 Feb. 1636/7 to E. Keyser.

122. P.R.O., C8/354/106; Lillywhite, op. cit., pp. 95–6.

123. B.M., Dept. of Prints and Drawings, Crowle's Pennant, vol. 6, p. 33.

124. P.R.O., C10/386/38; R.B.

125. The Postman, 15 Nov. 1701.

126. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 15 Aug. 1704 to J. Colbatch.

127. Ibid., Piazza, lease of 10 Sept. 1723 to W. Boen.

128. Ibid., Piazza, lease of 19 March 1747/8 to J. Rigg.

129. Quoted in The Builder, 6 July 1872, p. 520.

130. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 6 Dec. 1769 to J. H. Rigg.

131. The Annual Register, 1769, Chronicle, p. 83.

132. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 20 March 1749/50 to J. Bardley; R.B.

133. B.O.L., Correspondence, Wynne to Palmer, 23 March 1769.

134. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 6 Dec. 1769 to J. and J. Bardley.

135. Lillywhite, op. cit., nos. 887–8.

136. E/BER, Piazza, leases of 10 Nov. 1831 to G.M. Harrison and T. Busley, and 23 Dec. 1835 to H. T. Harrison.

137. B.O.L., Proposal Book 1883–96, p. 32.

138. The Builder, 7 Jan. 1888, p. 13.

139. G.L.R.O.(L), M.B.W. 1747, District Surveyors' Returns, Holborn and E. Strand, no. 190.

140. The Builder, 30 April 1892, p. 337; R.B.

141. B.O.L., London Reports, 17 Aug. 1909, p. 429.

142. Lillywhite, op. cit., p. 276.

143. Ibid., pp. 418–19; R.B.

144. E/BER, Piazza, leases of 10 Aug. 1869, 21 July 1876 to Messrs. Harris and Messrs. Draper.

145. Lillywhite, op. cit., p. 418.

146. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 20 July 1693 to E. Rigby.

147. Ibid., Piazza, leases of 8 March 1714/15 and 20 March 1749/50 to W. Dale and J. Bradley respectively.

148. Ibid., Piazza, lease of 20 March 1749/50 to J. Bradley; H.M.C., Earl of Egmont MSS., 1920, vol. I, p. 128.

149. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 27 Nov. 1769 to J. Stacie.

150. Ibid., Piazza, lease of 9 March 1802 to J. Stacie; B.O.L., Annual Report, 1860, p. 4.

151. E/BER, Rental, 1637; Charles Street, lease of 24 Feb. 1634/5 to R. Hope; Piazza, lease of 14 Jan. 1633/4 to R. Scawen.

152. Ibid., Tavistock Row, lease of 18 Nov. 1715 to W. Sudbury.

153. Ibid., Tavistock Row, lease of 8 April 1839 to E. Stephens; B.O.L., Annual Report, 1860, p. 4.

154. Survey of London, vol. XXXIV, 1966, Plates 70, 94. 95.

155. Sir John Summerson, Inigo Jones (Pelican Books), 1966, p. 92.

156. Strype, op. cit., p. 87.

157. E/BER, Henrietta Street, lease of 18 March 1729/30 to H. Ethersey; B.O.L., Contract Book 2, pp. 37–8; R.B.

158. R.B.; G.L.R.O.(M), LV(W), 1730.

159. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1888, p. 176; G.L.R.O. (M), LV(W), 1743.

160. E/BER, King Street, lease of I Aug. 1753 to S. Smyth; Misc. Estate Papers, estimates of J. Thinkler 1753.

161. Ibid., Misc. Estate Papers, estimates of J. Tinkler, 1753.

162. B.O.L., Proposal Book 1883–96, no. 8.

CHAPTER V (pp. 98–128)

The Church of St. Paul

1. E/BER, Bedford Street, lease of 25 May 1631 to J. Fendall See also Edmund Howes, Annales, 1631, p. 1049.

2. E/BER, Account for building St. Paul's Church, 1631 onwards.

3. Ibid., p. 15.

4. P.R.O., PC2/42, p. 193.

5. E/BER, Account, ut supra, p. 7.

6. Richard Brome, The Weeding of the Covent-Garden, Act 1, scene 1, in Five New Playes, 1659.

7. P.R.O., C66/2692, no. 1.

8. W.P.L., F. 2002, p. 159.

9. B.M., Harl. MS. 1831. ff. 31–2.

10. Guildhall Library, MS. 5667/1, pp. 72, 74.

11. Edward Croft-Murray, Decorative Paintaing in England 1537–1837, 1962, p. 194.

12. Sir John Summerson, Inigo Jones, Lecture on a Master Mind, British Academy, 1964, p. 186.

13. B.M., Harl. MS. 832. f. 9.

14. Horace Walpole, Anecdotes of Painting in England, second ed., vol. II, 1765, p. 175 n. The anecdote is not given in the first edition (vol. II, 1762).

15. Summerson, op. cit., pp. 173–6.

16. Diary of Thomas Burton Esq., ed. J. T. Rutt, 1828, vol. II, pp. 180–1.

17. P.R.O., PC2/42, p. 193.

18. Ibid., C3/424/13; see also Diary of Thomas Burton Esq., ut supra, quoted by Summerson, op. cit., p. 171n.

19. E/BER, Account, ut supra, pp. 15, 17–21, 30, 38, 41.

20. See Isabel M. Calder, Activities of the Puritan Faction of the Church of England 1625–33, 1957, pp. 79–80, 89, 100.

21. B.M., Harl. MS. 832, ff. 28, 34, 44.

22. [William Prynne], A Quench-Coale . . . By a well-wisher to the truth of God, and the Church of England, 1637 [prefatory address dated 10 July 1636]. p. 236.

23. E/BER, Account, ut supra, particularly pp. 18, 23, 24, 29, 35.

24. Edward, Earl of Clarendon, The History of the Rebellion, 1888 ed., vol. I, pp. 308–9.

25. 'The History of the Troubles and Tryal of. . . William Laud . . . Wrote by Himself' in The Works of Archbishop Laud, vol. 111, 1853, p. 443.

26. R. Wittkower, 'Inigo Jones—"Puritanissimo Fiero"', in Burlington Magazine, vol. xc, 1948, pp. 50–1.

27. John Strype, A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster, 1720, vol. 11, bk.v1, p. 87.

28. E/BER, Henrietta Street, lease of 19 July 1633 to E. Palmer.

29. Henry Maundrell, A Journey from Aleppo to Jerusalem, 3rd ed., 1714, between pp. 136 and 137 (not in 1703 or 1707 editions). The originals of Hawksmoor's plan and elevations (not the cross-section) are at Worcester College, Oxford (Clarke drawings, no. 321).

30. Worcester College, Oxford, Designs by Inigo Jones and John Webb, vol. 1, nos. 42, 47e, 47g; cf. Margaret Whinney, 'Some Church Designs by John Webb', in Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes, vol. 6, 1943, pp. 142–50.

31. B.M., Harl. MS. 1831, f. 29.

32. E/BER, Account, ut supra, pp. 19, 21, 33, 40.

33. Ibid., pp. 19, 39, 40; B.M., Harl. MS. 1831, f. 29.

34. E/BER, Account, ut supra, pp. 19, 39.

35. Ibid., p. 40.

36. Ibid., p. 33.

37. Ibid., p. 21.

38. Ibid., p. 38.

39. Ibid., pp. 33, 40–3.

40. P.R.O., SP16/421, nos. 150–3.

41. Summerson, op. cit., p. 176, quoting p. 192 of Jones's Vitruvius in the Library at Chatsworth.

42. John Webb, A Vindication of Stone-Heng Restored, 1665, p. 36.

43. B.M., Harl. MS. 1831, f. 32.

44. Walpole Society, vol. 18, 1930 (George Vertue Note Book 1), p. 99.

45. John Aubrey, Brief Lives, ed. Andrew Clark, 1898, vol. 11, p. 10; Anthony a Wood, Athenae Oxonienses, ed. Philip Bliss, vol. 111, 1817, p. 806.

46. G. H. Turnbull, 'Samuel Hartlib's Connection with Sir Francis Kynaston's "Musaeum Minervae", in Notes and Queries, vol. 197, 1952. p. 34.

47. St. Paul's Cathedral Library, WA 1–16 passim.

48. Sir John Summerson, Inigo Jones (Pelican Books), 1966, pp. 136–7.

49. R.B.

50. B.M., Harl. MS. 1831, ff. 29, 32, 38; G.L.R.O.(L), DL/C/344, f. 48; B.O.L., Correspondence, Edward Carter to Earl of Bedford, 18 Jan. 1638/9, John Trenchard to same, 3 Oct. 1639.

51. Acts and Ordinances of the Interregnum, ed. C. H. Firth and R.S. Rait, 1911, vol. 1, pp. 796, 873, 1191.

52. Ibid., vols. 1 and 11 passim.

53. Information kindly supplied by Sir John Summerson; P.R.O., E351/3264–7.

54. W.P.L., F.3.

55. Churchwardens' accounts at St. Paul's Church, 1701–2.

56. E/BER, Account, ut supra, p. 6.

57. Ibid., p. 9.

58. Ibid., p. 37.

59. Ibid., p. 11.

60. Ibid., p. 43.

61. Ibid., p. 15.

62. B.M., Egerton MS. 784, p. 175.

63. B.M., Harl. MS. 1831, ff. 33, 38; P.R.O., SP 16/421, nos. 150–4.

64. Acts and Ordinances, ut supra, p. 1230; Diary of Thomas Burton Esq., ut supra, pp. 180–2.

65. P.R.O., PC2/49, pp. 71, 145–8.

66. B.M., Harl. MS. 1831, ff. 28–9.

67. Ibid., f. 30; J. P. Malcolm, Londinium Redivivum, vol. IV, 1807, p. 217.

68. J. Wickham Legg, English Orders for Consecrating Churches, 1911, Preface.

69. G.L.R.O.(L), DL/C/344, f. 43.

70. The Autobiography of Sir Simonds D'Ewes, 1845, vol. 11, p. 252.

71. H.M.C., 7th Report, Appendix, 1879, pp. 435, 443.

72. Nicholas Bernard, The Life and Death of . . . Dr. James Usher, 1656, pp. 107–8.

73. P.R.O., SP16/402, no. 75.

74. Ibid., SP16/421, no. 150.

75. Peter Nicholson, An Architectural Dictionary, 1819, vol. 11, article 'Roof', p. 659.

76. P.R.O., C6/125 (pt. 1)/1.

77. Ibid., C6/5/174.

78. G.L.R.O.(L), DL/C/345, f. 95.

79. Ibid., f. 55.

80. CWA.

81. G.L.R.O.(L), DL/C/344, ff. 201–2.

82. B.O.L., Correspondence, Cradock to Duke of Bedford, 22 July 1756.

83. P.R.O., C6/5/174, C6/125 (pt. 1)/1.

84. The Architecture of Sir Roger Pratt, ed. R. T. Gunther, 1928, pp. 259–60.

85. A. Rees, Cyclopaedia, 1819 ed., article 'Clock'.

86. Thomas Reid, Treatise on Clock and Watch Making, 1826, pp. 178–9; Peter Cunningham, Hand-Book of London, 2nd ed., 1850, p. 386; Willis I. Milham, Time and Timekeepers, 1923, pp. 142–3.

87. Britten's Old Clocks and Watches and their Makers, 1956 ed.

88. H. L. Nelthropp, A Treatise on Watch-Work, Past and present, 1873, p. 84; R. W. Symonds, A History of English Clocks, 1950 ed., p. 39.

89. Churchwardens' accounts at St. Paul's Church, 1684–5.

90. W.P.L., H.802, f. 55.

91. Inscription on clock.

92. Acts and Ordinances, ut supra, pp. 814–7, 827–8; copy of ordinance in W.P.L.

93. 12 Car. II, c. 37, public.

94. The London Gazette, 8 Nov. 1938, pp. 6956–7.

95. Guildhall Library, MS. 9531/16, f. 36.

96. G.L.R.O.(L), DL/C/344, ff. 201–2.

97. W.P.L., CWA 1668–9, 1670–2, H.801.

98. [E. Hatton], A New View of London, 1708, vol. 11, pp. 478–9; John Strype, A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminister, 1720, vol. 11, bk. VI, pp. 89–90.

99. W.P.L., CWA 1673–5, H.801.

100. Ibid., H.802, f. 3.

101. Churchwardens' accounts at St. Paul's Church, 1685–7.

102. W.P.L., H.802, f. 12.

103. [E. Hatton], op. et loc. cit.

104. W.P.L., H.802, f. 59: Information kindly supplied by Sir John Summerson.

105. W.P.L., H.802, f. 76.

106. Ibid., f. 88: Guildhal Library, Ms. 9532/I, ff. 219–20

107. Churchwardens' accounts at St. Paul's Church, 1726.

107. Churchwardens' accounts at St. Paul's Church, 1726.

108. [E. Hatton], op. et loc. cit.; James Paterson, Pietas Londinensis, 1714, p. 227.

109. W.P.L., H.802, ff. 88, 97.

110. E/BER, Vouchers, Church, 29 Feb. 1703/4; B.O.L., Receiver-general's account, 22 March 1703/4.

111. W.P.L., H.802, ff. 105, 110.

112. W.P.L., H.803, pp. 106, 108–9, 121, 123, 128–9, H.913; churchwardens' accounts at St. Paul's Church, 1714 (information kindly supplied by Mr. R. H. Harrison) and 1719.

113. Strype, op. cit., vol. 11, bk. VI, P. 89.

114. Walpole Society, vol. 20, 1932 (George Vertue Note Book 11), p. 137.

115. W.P.L., H.803, pp. 166, 170–1.

116. Ibid., p. 173.

117. Ibid., H.804, pp. 49, 60; Guildhall Library, MS. 9532/4, ff. 3–4.

118. W.P.L., H. 804, p. 62.

119. The Weekly Journal, 22 April 1727.

120. Churchwardens' accounts at St. Paul's Church, 1727.

121. W.P.L., H. 804, pp. 233, 250, H.805, p. 147, CWA 1733, 1735; churchwardens' accounts at St. Paul's Church, 1734.

122. Colen Campbell, Vitruvius Britannicus, vol. 11, [1717], plate 20; B. Langley, Ancient Masonry, 1736, vol. 1, pp. 218–19, 225, vol. 11, plates XXVI–XXVII, XLIV.

123. Sir John Summerson, Inigo Jones, Lecture on a Master Mind, British Academy, 1964, p. 177n.

124. A. Rees, Cyclopaedia, 1819 ed., article 'Clock'; R.B.

125. Summerson, op. cit., Plate xxvia.

126. W.P.L., H.805, pp. 75–6, 78–80, CWA1746.

127. W.P.L., H.805, pp. 162, 165; churchwardens' accounts at St. Paul's Church, 1756; Guildhall Library, MS. 9532/6, ff. 240–2; B.O.L., Correspondence, Cradock to Duke of Bedford, 22 July 1756.

128. W.P.L., CWA 1763, H.805, pp. 233, 309.

129. Ibid., H.805, p. 241.

130. The Public Advertiser, 16 Aug. 1770.

131. W.P.L., H.805, p. 356, CWA 1778.

132. Ibid., H.805, pp. 469–71, 473, CWA 1786.

133. Masonry dimensions in building account (E/BER, Account, ut supra, p. 19); Hollar ground-level view; Colen Campbell, op. cit., plates 21–2; R.I.B.A. Library, J. W. Hiort drawing.

134. Evans's Music and Supper Rooms, N.D., p. 17 (copy in B.M., pressmark 11794 e 4).

135. J. Britton and A. Pugin, Illustrations of the Public Buildings of London, 1825, vol. 11, plate facing p. 114 (dated 1823); E/BER, Church plans, Clutton drawing, 19 May 1876, Pilkington drawing, July 1887.

136. CWA 1779–86.

137. W.P.L., H.805, 17, 19 March 1787.

138. Ibid., H.806, p. 13.

139. Ibid., p. 18.

140. Notes made by Arthur T. Bolton of records (no longer extant) of the proceedings of the trustees for the repair of the church.

141. Guildhall Library, MS. 9532/8, ff. 436–42.

142. 28 Geo. III, c. 83, public.

143. W.P.L., H.806, p. 21.

144. Notes made by Arthur T. Bolton, ut supra; Guildhall Library, MS. 9532/8, ff. 436–42.

145. W.P.L., H.806, pp. 54–6.

146. Britton and Pugin, op. cit., vol. I, p. 113.

147. The Public Advertiser, 3 Nov. 1789.

148. 29 Geo. III, c. 30, public.

149. Notes made by A. T. Bolton, ut supra; London Directory, 1789; R.B.

150. Notes by A. T. Bolton, ut supra; W.P.L., H.806, p. 34.

151. CWA 1789–90, 1793–5; The Star, 19 Sept. 1795; D. Hughson, London, 1807, vol. IV, p. 205.

152. W.P.L., H.806, pp. 150–1.

153. Ibid., p. 152.

154. Ibid., pp. 153–4.

155. Ibid., pp. 155–6, 157.

156. Ibid., p. 164.

157. Richard Bullock, A Sermon preached . . . at the Consecration of the Church of St. Paul, Covent-Garden, 1 Aug. 1798.

158. 36 Geo. III, c. 65, public.

159. W.P.L., H.806, p. 159.

160. Guildhall Library, MS. 9531/22, ff. 145–7.

161. St. Paul's Church, book of receipts c. 1796–9.

162. The Building News, 17 Feb. 1888, p. 270, 2 March 1888, p. 344.

163. St. Paul's Church, book of receipts c. 1796–9; London Directory, 1795.

164. Francis Price, The British Carpenter, 2nd ed., 1735, plate L(Q), facing p. 20.

165. Colen Campbell, op. cit., plate 20; B. Langley, op. cit., vol. 11, plates XXVI–XXVII.

166. Peter Nicholson, An Architectural Dictionary, 1819, vol. 11, article 'Roof', p. 659; Britton and Pugin, op. cit., vol. 1, p. 116n.

167. Country Life, 14 June 1930, pp. 887–8.

168. W.P.L., box 26, no. 13; Britton and Pugin, op. cit., vol. I, plate facing p. 114.

169. W.P.L., H.806, pp. 157, 160–1.

170. B.O.L., Correspondence, Gray to Maysey, 24 Oct. 1795.

171. Notes by A. T. Bolton, ut supra; St. Paul's Church, book of receipts c. 1796–9; CWA.

172. Kent's Directory, 1799.

173. London Directory, 1795.

174. Notes by A. T. Bolton, ut supra; St. Paul's Church, book of receipts c. 1796–9.

175. Thomas Allen, The History and Antiquities of London, vol. IV, 1828, pp. 312–13.

176. Britton and Pugin, op. cit., vol. 1, p. 114.

177. W.P.L., H.806, p. 304, H.808, pp. 28–9.

178. Ibid., H.808, p.251, H.809, p. 17.

179. Ibid., CWA 1815, H.821, f. 10; H.807, ff. 91–2, 99–100, 103, H.808, pp. 334–6; B.M., 'Collection of Posters, etc.' (pressmark 747 c 23); churchwardens' accounts at St. Paul's Church, 1824.

180. W.P.L., H.822, p. 77, H.807, ff. 96–8, 109.

181. Ibid., H.822, pp.24, 25, 32, 38.

182. Ibid., H.809, pp. 99–103, H.872 (1835).

183. Ibid., H.872 (1852); The Builder, 6 Sept., 15 Nov. 1851, pp. 566, 719; P.O.D.

184. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1858, p. 53.

185. Ibid., Annual Report, 1861, pp. 2, 4; Guildhall Library, MS. 10731/2; Charles Mackeson, Guide to the Churches of London, var. eds.; information kindly supplied by Mr. N. P. Mander.

186. Guildhall Library, MS. 9532/14, ff. 338–9, MS. 9532/17, ff. 110–12; The Guardian, 26 June 1872.

187. Guildhall Library, MS. 10731/2.

188. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1872, p. 11; Guildhall Library, MS. 9532/14, ff. 338–9.

189. E/BER, Church Papers, Report, Clutton to Duke of Bedford, 18 Sept. 1875; Church plans, H. Clutton, 19 May 1876.

190. G.L.R.O.(L), M.B.O. District Surveyors' Returns vol. 38, 24 March 1851, no. 22.

191. E/BER, Church Papers, Clutton to Davison, 10 March 1877.

192. Guildhall Library, MS. 9532/15, ff. 273–4.

193. E/BER, Church plan, H. Clutton, 15 July 1879, Church Papers, specification, 27 April 1877, Church Papers, file 11, Rev. S. Cumberlege to Strand Board of Works, 5 June 1879; B.O.L., Annual Report, 1879, p. 6; W.P.L., H.814, p. 408.

194. W.P.L., H.814, pp. 286–8, 293–4, 297–8, 323–5.

195. B.O.L., Annual Reports, 1879, 1882.

196. E/BER, Church Papers, estimates for alterations, 1878; Messrs. Cubitt & Co's bills, 1878–9.

197. Ibid., Church plans, A. J. Pilkington, 1887; B.O.L., London Reports, 3 Aug. 1888.

198. E/BER, Church plans, memorandum, 4 Nov. 1882; Church Papers, file 11, Pilkington to Wing, 8 May 1895.

199. N. Pevsner and D. Lloyd, The Buildings of England, Hampshire and the Isle of Wight, 1967, p. 125.

200. Guildhall Library, MS. 9532/17, ff. 110–12.

201. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1888, p. 178

202. Ibid., London Reports, 3 Aug. 1888.

203. E/BER, Church Papers, file 11.

204. The London Gazette, 8 Aug. 1905, pp. 5448–50.

205. Guildhall Library, MS. 9532/22, ff. 452–5.

206. The Times, 20 Feb. 1965; information kindly supplied by Mr. David Green.

207. Information kindly supplied by Mr. N. P. Mander.

208. B. M., Harl, MS. 1831, f. 30.

209. E/BER, Account, ut supra, pp. 2, 26.

210. Ibid., carpenter's, smith's and timber merchant's accounts.

211. W.P.L., H.804, pp. 170, 224.

212. Ibid., H.805, 17 March 1787; Guildhall Library, MS. 9532/8, ff. 436–42; notes by A. T. Bolton, ut supra.

213. E/BER, Church Papers, specification, Dec. 1880.

214. W.P.L., H.803, p. 108, H.913.

215. Ibid., H.805, p. 32, CWA 1740.

216. The Public Advertiser, 15 Aug. 1770.

217. W.P.L., H.805, p. 282, CWA 1770.

218. Churchwardens' accounts at St. Paul's Church, 1690.

219. W.P.L., H.802, f. 7.

220. Ibid., H.802, ff. 60, 84, 86, H.803, pp. 3, 134, H.804, pp. 58, 199.

221. Ibid., H.804, p. 224.

222. Ibid., H.805, pp. 158, 296.

223. Guildhall Library, MS. 9531/22, f. 27.

224. W.P.L., H.805, 17 March 1787.

225. The London Gazette, 9 Aug. 1853, p. 2185.

226. Guildhall Library, MS. 9532/13, ff. 55–6; The Illustrated London News, 15 Sept. 1855, p. 322.

227. E/BER, Church Papers, Clutton to Davison, 15 July 1876; Church plans, H. Clutton, 15 July 1879.

228. W.P.L., H.812, pp. 73, 80, 82–3, H.814, p. 522, H.815, p. 16.

229. E/BER, Church Papers, specification, 27 April 1877.

230. Ibid., Church plans, H. Clutton, 15 July 1879.

231. B.O.L., Annual Reports, 1880–2.

232. E/BER, Church Papers, file 11, Marchant to Upton, 9 Oct. 1919.

233. Ibid., specification, Dec. 1880.

234. Ibid., Church Papers, file 11, Stutfield to Adderley, 20 June 1918.

235. Ibid., file 11, Nov. 1918–Oct. 1919.

236. Survey of London, vol. XVI, 1935, pp. 263–5.

237. Journals of the House of Commons, vol. 111, p. 685. This reference was kindly supplied by Miss. Audrey M. Coe.

238. V. B. Redstone, 'The Diary of Sir Thomas Dawes, 1644', in Surrey Archaeological Collections, vol. XXXVII, 1926, pp. 15, 26. This reference was kindly supplied by Miss Audrey M. Coe.

239. P.R.O., SP23/162, p. 441; Evans's Music and Supper Rooms, N.D., p. 4 (copy in B.M., pressmark 11794 e 4), extract from vestry minutes no longer extant, 28 April 1646.

240. P.R.O., SP16/402, no. 75.

241. Ibid., SP19/A4, p. 295, A98, no. 13.

242. Evans's Music and Supper Rooms, ut supra.

243. Cal. S.P.Dom. 1650, p. 261.

244. P.R.O., SP25/11, p. 56.

245. Ibid., SP23/132, p. 215.

246. Ibid., SP25/76, p. 212.

247. E. Chamberlayne, The Second Parte of the Present State of England, 12th ed., 1684, p. 303.

248. Walpole Society, vol. 18, 1930 (George Vertue Note Book 1), p. 90.

249. Horace Walpole, Anecdotes of Painting in England, 1888 ed., vol. 11, p. 44.

250. V. B. Redstone, ut supra, p. 33.

251. Walpole Society, vol. 18, ut supra, p. 122.

252. W.P.L., H.437 (overseers' receipts, 14 Dec. 1655).

253. Ibid., H.804, p. 233.

254. ibid., H.838, p. 79.

255. Ibid., H. 840, p. 190.

256. Ibid., pp. 197–9, 213.

257. G.L.R.O.(L), DL/C/344, f. 41.

258. Endorsed Charities (London), vol. 111, 1900, pp. 346–7, 357; CWA 1677–8; St. Paul's Church, churchwardens' accounts, 1691;ibid., minutes of St. Paul's charity school trustees, 10 Dec. 1816.

259. A Chapter in English Church History, ed. E.McClure, 1888, pp. 148, 175.

260. Printed annual Accounts of Charity Schools for 1711–12 and 1730 (information kindly supplied by S.P.C.K.).

261. New Remarks of London . . . By the Company of Parish-Clerks, 1732, pp. 292–3.

262. W.P.L., H.804, ff. 144, 200.

263. Ibid., H.805. f. 356.

264. E/BER, Rental, 1637.

265. Acts and Ordinances of the Interregnum, ed. C. H. Firth and R. S. Rait, vol. 1, 1911, pp. 814–7; P.R.O., C7/101/121.

266. CWA 1656; R.B.

267. B.O.L., Muniment Register II, p. 1052, G, bundle 2, no. 10.

268. E/BER, Henrietta Street, lease of 23 Aug. 1813 to G. Dickinson.

269. W.P.L., H.840, p.137; R.B.

270. B.O.L., Muniment Register III, p. 54, bundle 19, no. 13.

271. P.O.D.

CHAPTER VI (PP. 129–50)

CONVENT GARDEN MARKET

1. Westminster City Council Minutes, 22 April 1926, p. 197.

2. Covent Garden Market. Report by the Town Clerk of Westminster, 1926, p. 60.

3. The Builder, 2 Nov. 1867, p. 797.

4. P.P., First Report and Minutes of Evidence of Royal Commission on Market Rights and Tolls, 1888, vol. LIII, p. 376.

5. P.P., Final Report of Royal Commission on Market Rights and Tolls, 1890–1, vol. XXXVII, p. 134.

6. Fabian Tracts no. 36, The Scandal of London's Markets, N.D.

7. Covent Garden Market Authority, First Report 1961–1962, 1963, p. 2.

8. Cal. S.P. Dom. 1654, p. 379.

9. CWA 1656–7.

10. Ibid., 1666–7.

11. Diary of Samuel Pepys, 9 May 1662.

12. The Times, 29 May 1962.

13. B.O.L., Muniments of Title, Middlesex, G, bundle 2, no. 12.

14. Covent Garden Market. Report by the Town Clerk of Westminster, 1926, p. 7.

15. P.R.O., C66/3116, no. 8.

16. Report of the late Important Trial in the Court of Common Pleas in which John Lowden and Robert Prince, Lessees of Covent Garden Market . . . were Plaintiffs, and John Hierons, a Market Gardener, The Defendant, Respecting Tolls Claimed in Covent Garden Market, 1817 (copy in W.P.L.).

17. Survey of London, vol. XXVII, 1957, pp. 128–9.

18. E/BER, Market lease of 10 Feb, 1670/1 to G. Collop and S. Bennett.

19. Ibid., Market lease of 20 Dec. 1677 to A. Pigott and J. Allen.

20. R.B.; E/BER, Market lease of 6 July 1678 to A. Pigott and T. Daye.

21. E/BER, Market Papers, account of charges in building the market and six houses in Covent Garden.

22. Ibid., Market leases, 1705–12.

23. B.O.L., Estate Papers, Covent Garden Market, Christmas quarter accounts, 1709.

24. E/BER, Market Papers, computation of new vaulting etc.

25. Ibid., Market lease of 14 March 1740 to B. Grove.

26. Ibid., Market Papers, proposals of 9 March 1740.

27. Ibid., Market lease of 17 Oct. 1744 to J. Gyfford.

28. W.P.L., H.805, pp. 94–6.

29. Ibid., H.805, p.97.

30. E/BER, Market Papers, abstract of bills, 1748.

31. Ibid., Market lease of 1 Sept. 1748 to J. Gyfford.

32. Ibid., Market lease of 13 June 1798 to S.Winmill, W. and W.H. Townsend.

33. Report of the late Important Trial in the Court of King's Bench in which John, Duke of Bedford, was Plaintiff, and Richard White, a Potatoe Dealer, The Defendant, respecting Tolls claimed in Covent Garden Market, 1819, p. 94 (copy in W.P.L.).

34. Ibid., p. 144.

35. W.P.L., H.805, pp. 315, 339.

36. E/BER, Market Papers, misc.

37. An Eighteenth Century Journal, ed. John Hampden, 1940, p. 334.

38. Boswell's London Journal 1762–1763, ed. F. A. Pottle, 1950, p. 137.

39. William Thornton, The History . . . of London and Westminster, 1784, p. 454.

40. John Wilkes, Encyclopaedia Londinensis, vol. XIII, 1815, p. 534; Report of the late Important Trial . . ., 1819 (above, 33), p. 9.

41. Sir Richard Phillips, A Morning's Walk from London to Kew, 1820, p. 224.

42. E/BER, Market Papers, memorial of Vestry of St. Paul to Duke of Bedford, 28 Jan. 1812.

43. Ibid., Market Papers, brief for Covent Garden Market Bill, April 1813.

44. Ibid., loc. cit.; Journals of the House of Commons, vol. LXVIII, 16 Dec. 1812–21 May 1813, passim; Report of the Proceedings in Parliament upon the late Opposition to the Bill for the Regulation of Covent Garden Market, 1813, pp. 84–6; 53 Geo. III, c. 71, local and personal.

45. Report of the late Important Trial in the Court of Common Pleas. . ., 1817 (above, 16), p. 135; Report of the late Important Trial in the Court of King's Bench . . ., 1819 (above, 33), pp. 90–1, 100–1, 141; Guildhall Library, Noble Collection, W2 Cov, press cuttings of 1817 and 1825.

46. E/BER, Market leases, 1814–27.

47. Guildhall Library, Noble Collection, w2/Cov, press cutting of 1825.

48. 7 Geo. IV, c. 77, public.

49. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1827.

50. E/BER, Market Papers, misc.

51. The Gardener's Magazine, vol. VI, 1830, p. 513; vol. VII, 1831, pp. 265, 267.

52. E/BER, Market Papers, misc., Adam to Fowler, 28 Oct. 1828.

53. Journals of the House of Commons, vol, LXXXIII, p. 50.

54. 9 Geo. IV, c. 113, local and personal.

55. E/BER, Market lease of 21 June 1827 to R. Prince and J.Lowden.

56. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1833.

57. Ibid., Annual Report, 1840, p. 48.

58. Ibid., Annual Report, 1872, pp. 244–5.

59. The Illustrated London News, 29 April 1848, p. 280.

60. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1894, p. 206; Percy J. Edwards, History of London Street Improvements, 1855–1897, 1898, pp. 25–7.

61. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1860, pp. 4, 8.

62. Ibid., Annual Report, 1894, p. 203.

63. Ibid., Annual Report, 1862, pp. 75–6.

64. Ibid., Annual Report, 1894, pp. 199–206.

65. The Builder, 2 Nov. 1867, pp. 796–8.

66. Covent Garden Market Authority, First Report 1961–1962, 1963, p. 17.

67 The Builder, 5 Aug. 1871, p. 604.

68. Ibid., 23 Dec. 1871, p. 1016; The Times, 7 Sept. 1871; B.O.L., Annual Report, 1871, p. 128.

69. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1871, pp. 126–9.

70. Ibid., Annual Report, 1872, pp. 223–9.

71. Ibid., Annual Report, 1872, vol. 2. p. 13.

72. Ibid., Annual Report, 1872, pp. 219–22.

73. The Times, 7 Sept. 1871.

74. The Builder, 23 Dec. 1871, p. 1016.

75. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1872, p. 219.

76. Ibid., Annual Report, 1894, p. 199; The Builder, 17 Oct. 1874, p. 863.

77. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1877, vol. 2, pp. 5–6.

78. Ibid., Annual Report, 1883, vol. 2, pp. 4–14.

79. Punch, 14 Aug. 1880, p. 71.

80. Ibid., 30 Dec. 1882, p. 310.

81. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1883, vol. 2, pp. 4–14.

82. Ibid., Annual Report, 1884, vol. 2, pp. 2, 5.

83. E/BER, plan file 4, no. 9, specifications of W. Cubitt and Co., 1885.

84. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1886, vol. 2, p. 10.

85. Ibid., Annual Reports, 1884, vol. 2, p. 2; 1885, vol. 2, p. 1; 1886, vol. 2, pp. 4, 17; 1887, p. 175.

86. Ibid., Annual Report, 1894, pp. 199–206.

87. The Builder, 7 March 1857, p. 138.

88. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1887, p. 174.

89. Ibid., Annual Report, 1894, p. 200.

90. Ibid., Annual Report, 1887, p. 181.

91. Ibid., Annual Report, 1888, p. 186.

92. Ibid., Annual Reports, 1889, p. 169; 1894, p. 199.

93. The Builder, 4 June 1904, p. 605.

94. L.C.C. Minutes, 11 April 1905, p. 1356; Westminster City Council Minutes, 26 Jan. 1905, p. 81.

95. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1889, p. 173.

96. Ibid., Annual Reports, 1878, vol. 2, pp. 3–4; 1879, vol. 2, pp. 6–7; 1886, vol. 2, p. 18.

97. Ibid., Annual Report, 1884, vol. 2. pp. 6–10.

98. Ibid., Annual Report, 1889, p. 178.

99. Ibid., Annual Report, 1890, p. 165.

100. Ibid., Annual Report, 1892, p. 135.

101. Ibid., Annual Report, 1889, p. 177.

102. Ibid., Annual Report, 1893, p. 145.

103. Ibid., Annual Report, 1895, p. 185.

104. Ibid., Annual Reports, 1894, p. 193; 1895, p. 139.

105. Ibid., Annual Report, 1885, vol. 2, p. 11.

106. Ibid., Annual Report, 1886, vol. 2, p. 5.

107. P.P., First Report and Minutes of Evidence of Royal Commission on Market Rights and Tolls, 1888, vol. LIII, pp. 124–37; Final Report, 1890–1, vol. XXXVII, p. 118.

108. First Report . . ., p. 129.

109. L.C.C. Minutes, 21, 28 Feb. 1893, pp. 161, 193; Asa Briggs, Victorian Cities, 1963, p. 348.

110. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1893, p. 104.

111. L.C.C. Minutes, 17 Oct. 1893, p. 980; Briggs, op. cit., p. 353.

112. Briggs, op. cit., pp. 353–4.

113. W. E. Jackson, Achievement. A Short History of the London County Council, 1965, p. 9.

114. First Report . . . (above, 107), p. 130; Final Report . . ., p. 133.

115. Lord Ernle, Whippingham to Westminster, 1938, pp. 201–2.

116. The Times, 11 Oct. 1909.

117. Ernle, op. cit., pp. 213–14.

118. E/BER, sale documents.

119. M.L.R. 1918/11/515; The Times, 31 July 1918.

120. Sir Thomas Beecham, A Mingled Chime, 1944, pp. 184–5.

121. Ibid., p. 189; Company House, file 198050.

122. L.C.C. Minutes, 1 Aug. 1919, p. 1097.

123. Ibid., 21 Oct. 1919, p. 1229.

124. Ibid., 20, 27 July 1920, pp. 232, 277.

125. P.P., Report from Commissioners,1923, vol. IX (command 1892): Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Departmental Committee on Distri bution and Prices of Agricultural Produce: Interim Report on Fruit and Vegetables, pp. 225, 228, 268.

126. P.P., Reports from Commissioners, 1920, Vol. XVII (command 634): Ministry of Food, First Report on the Wholesale Food Markets of London, pp. 1–5.

127. L.C.C. Minutes, 18 Oct. 1921, p. 444.

128. The Times, 20 Aug. 1925–18 Feb. 1927, passim.

129. Company House, file 198050.

130. The Times, 23, 31 July 1930; Westminster City Council Minutes, 24 July 1930, pp. 534–6.

131. New Survey of London Life and Labour, vol. v, 1933, p. 121.

132. The Times, 16 Nov. 1928; 8 Sept. 1932; 6 July 1933.

133. Report of the Committee on Horticultural Marketing, 1957 (command 61), pp. 59–60, 68, 129.

134. Horticulture. A policy for the improvement of production and marketing of horticultural pro duce, 1959 (command 880), p. 4.

135. 9 and 10 Eliz. II, c. 49, public general.

136. Covent Garden Market Authority, First Report 1961–1962, 1963, pp. iii, 1.

137. Ibid., pp. 7–8; Company House, file 297638.

138. Covent Garden Market Authority, First Report, p. 4.

139. Ibid., p. 8.

140. Ibid., Second Report 1962–1963, 1964, pp. 5–8.

141. Ibid., First Report, pp. 15–17.

142. Ibid., Second Report, pp. 9–12.

143. Ibid., Third Report 1963–1964, 1965, pp. 2–6.

144. Ibid., Fourth Report 1964–1965, 1966, p. 2.

145. 1966, c.1, local and personal.

146. Information kindly supplied by Mr. Jeremy Taylor, A.R.I.B.A.

147. The Gardener's Magazine, vol. VII, 1831, pp. 265, 277n.

148. Ibid., vol. VII, 1831, p. 267.

CHAPTER VII (pp. 151–84)

King Street and Floral Street Area

1. R.B.

2. E/BER, King Street, lease of 14 March 1667 to F. Clerke; R.B.

3. E/BER, King Street, leases of 1 March 1671/2 and 20 Feb. 1673/4 to E. Sanger and R. Pincke respectively.

4. P.R.O., C10/281/55; C10/511/73.

5. M.L.R. 1760/4/473–4; R.B.

6. The Letters of David Garrick, ed. David M. Little and George M. Kahrl, 1963, vol. 1, pp. 92–3, 95.

7. M.L.R. 1760/4/473–4; R.B.

8. John Strype, A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster, 1720, vol. 11, bk. VI, p. 93.

9. John Tallis, London Street Views, c. 1838–40.

10. P.O.D.

11. J.D. Campbell, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, 1896 ed., pp. 127–8.

12. E/BER, plans list 1, no. 17.

13. M.L.R.1884/32/246.

14. Ibid., 1885/15/258.

15. Ibid., 1874/3/661–2.

16. E/BER, plans list 2, no. 49.

17. G.L.R.O.(M), LV(W), 1690, 1724, 1743; R.B.

18. B.O.L., London Reports, vol. 1, p. 308; P.O.D.

19. E/BER, plans list 3, no. 31.

20. M.L.R. 1874/25/1013; B.O.L., Proposal Book1, no.27a; The Builder, 8 Nov. 1873, p. 896; R.B.

21. G.L.R.O.(L), M.B.W. 1720, District Surveyors' Returns, Holborn and E. Strand, no. 36.

22. E/BER, King Street, lease of 9 April 1703 to W. West.

23. Ibid., King Street, lease of 16 Sept. 1745 to H. Cheere.

24. Ibid., King Street, lease of 6 March 1766 to T. Frost.

25. Ibid., King Street, lease of 1 Aug. 1862 to H. O. Fawcett.

26. Ibid., King Street, lease of 16 March 1772 to C. Clow; R.B.; P.O.D.

27. G.L.R.O.(L), M.B.O. District Surveyors' Returns, vol.38, 11 June 1851.

28. The Illustrated London News, 9 June 1860, pp. 566, 568.

29. The New Era Illustrated, Oct. 1931.

30. The Illustrated London News, 9 June 1860, p. 566; The Builder, 23 June 1860, P. 402; Companion to the Almanac for1861, p. 257.

31. M.L.R. 1760/4/473–4; R.B.; Colvin sub George Hoare.

32. M.L.R. 1808/9/57–8, 970; W.P.L., Westminster Fire Office minutes, 26 May, 3 Nov. 1808.

33. E. A. Davies, An Account of the Formation and Early years of the Westminster Fire Office, 1952. pp. 30, 80; R.B.

34. W.P.L., Westminster Fire Office minutes, 25 Aug. 1808–1 Nov. 1810, passim.

35. Christopher Hussey, 'Chairs by Ince and Mayhew', in Country Life, 21 Dec. 1951, p. 2090.

36. Information kindly supplied by the Westminster and County Insurance Offices.

37. W.P.L., Westminster Fire Office minutes, 10 Jan. 1850.

38. Ibid., 24 May 1849–7 Feb. 1850.

39. Ibid., 23 Dec. 1852–19 Oct. 1854.

40. Ibid., 7 Feb. 1856–10 Dec. 1857.

41. Ibid., 7 Jan. 1858.

42. B.O.L., Scrapbook, f. 79, (plan, Oct. 1856).

43. Ibid., Proposal Book T, f. 69a.

44. W.P.L., Westminster Fire Office minutes, 26 March 1857.

45. B.O.L., Scrapbook, f. 30 (elevation); The Builder, 8 Aug. 1857. p. 449; R,B.

46. W.P.L., box 28, no. 28a.

47. M.L.R. 1859/10/556.

48. W.P.L., Westminster Fire Office minutes, 1 July 1858.

49. Ibid., 26 Nov. 1874–26 July 1877, passim; inscription on No. 34 Rose Street.

50. Davies, op. cit., p. 66; information kindly supplied by the Westminster and County Insurance Offices.

51. Davies, op. cit., p. 80; E.S. 111091.

52. M.L.R. 1861/2/197; R.B.; P.O.D.

53. The Builder, 28 May 1859, p. 368.

54. B.O.L., Muniment Register V, p. 50, bundle 7, no. 9.

55. M.L.R. 1861/17/821–2.

56. R.B.; P.O.D.

57. The Builder, 9 March 1861, p. 168.

58. E/BER, King Street, leases of 11 Nov. 1706, 20 March 1716/17 to G. Lacy; churchwardens' accounts at St. Paul's Church,1712 (information Kindly supplied by Mr. R. H. Harrison).

59. R.B.; D.N.B.

60. The Picture of London for 1802, p. 225; R.B.; D.N.B.

61. E/BER, King Street, lease of 12 Sept. 1706 to M. Griffith.

62. Ibid., King Street, lease of 1 Feb. 1748/9 to J. Wright.

63. B.O.L., Proposal Book Q. p. 145.

64. E/BER, King Street, lease of 1 Oct. 1860 to B. Verity.

65. The Builder, 12 May 1860, p. 304.

66. B.O.L., Proposal Book U, f. 14.

67. E/BER, King Street, attachment to lease of 1 Oct. 1860 to B. Verity.

68. B.O.L., Proposal Book V, f. 19a; M.L.R.1866/24/626; R.B.; D.N.B.

69. E/BER, King Street, lease of 6 June 1715 to M. Mathew; R.B.

70. E/BER, King Street, lease of 28 Nov. 1750 to J. Naylor; R.B.

71. E/BER, King Street, lease of 11 Aug. 1767 to T. Rackett; W.P.L., H.805, p. 173; R.B.

72. D.N.B.

73. B.O.L., Proposal Book E, no. 22.

74. E/BER, Correspondence, Paine to Lane, 8 Feb. 1772.

75. Ibid., King Street, lease of 27 Feb. 1773 to J. Lane.

76. W.P.L., H.805, p. 351.

77. M.L.R. 1762/1/261.

78. E/BER, King Street, lease of 10 Dec. 1878 to W. Howard.

79. P.P., Report from the Select Committee of the House of Commons on Town Holdings, 1887, vol. XIII, p.568.

80. B.O.L., Muniment Register II, p. 1015, D, bundle 7, no. 1.

81. B.O.L., Correspondence, Lane to Palmer, 27 May 1773; M.L.R. 1774/4/81, 1774/6/361, 1775/5/526,1776/1/392; R.B.

82. A Romance of the Rostrum, compiled by E. G. Allingham, 1922, p. 13; R.B.

83. A Romance, ut supra, p. 20.

84. Ibid., pp. 30–8; P.O.D.

85. M.L.R. 1878/31/944; R.B.; P.O.D.

86. E/BER, plans list 2, no. 51, and list 4, no. 17; ibid., Church Papers, memorandum by T. J. R. Davison, 21 Feb. 1877; G.L.R.O.(L), M.B.W. 1667, District Surveyors' Returns, Holborn and E. Strand, no. 17.

87. John Ehrman, The Navy in the War of William III 1689–1697, 1953, pp. 272–3; D.N.B.

88. G.E.C.

89. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 23 Nov. 1697 to Earl of Orford.

90. Ibid., Piazza, lease of 11 June 1716 to Earl of Orford.

91. G.E.C. sub Archer and Orford.

92. P.C.C., 20 Brook.

93. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 31 May 1729, Sandys and Archer to Archer.

94. Oxford English Dictionary.

95. The Grub-street Journal, 26 Sept. 1734.

96. Hoare's Bank, ledgers 30–1, account of T. Archer, junior.

97. Sir Lewis Namier and John Brooke, The House of Commons, 1754–90, 1964, vol.III, pp. 624–6; Sir Lewis Namier, The Structure of politics at the Accession of George III, 1957 ed., passim; D.N.B.

98. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 24 Jan. 1758 to J. West.

99. Ibid., Piazza, lease of 10 May 1773 to D. Low.

100. B.O.L., Correspondence, Low to Palmer, 25 Jan. 1774.

101. W.P.L., St. Martin's Scrapbook, p. 39 (newspaper cutting 1774).

102. Ibid., H.802, f. 22.

103. B.O.L., Correspondence, Froome to Palmer, 17 June 1779.

104. E/BER, Piazza, leases of 10 May 1773 and 29 Nov. 1776 to D. Low; Particulars of Sale, Grand Hotel, 27 July 1786, in 'Collection of Posters, etc. relating to St. Paul's, Covent Garden' (B.M., pressmark 747 c 23).

105. E/BER, Piazza, enclosure with lease of 24 Jan. 1758 to J. West.

106. B.O.L., Correspondence, printed notice by D. Low, 10 July 1786.

107. Ibid., loc cit.; Particulars of Sale, ut supra; R.B.

108. W.P.L., H.806, p. 64.

109. B.O.L., Correspondence, Froome to Duke of Bedford, 5 March 1788.

110. H.M.C., Fortescue MSS., vol.III, 1899, p. 78; Dictionary of American Biography.

111. R.B.; Directories.

112. Annals of the Fine Arts for MDCCCXVI, ed. James Elmes,1817, sub D. M. Serres; W.P.L., H.840, pp. 297, 304.

113. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 26 June 1834 to W. Richardson.

114. Bedfordshire Record Office, Russell Papers, R.3094, Haedy to Crocker, 22 Jan. 1833.

115. Survey of London, vol. XXXIII, 1966, p. 111.

116. The Growth and Work of the Royal Institute of British Architects 1834–1934, ed. J. A. Gotch, 1934, pp. 5–7, 14; Transactions of the Institute of British Architects, Sessions 1835–6, vol. 1, part 1, 1836; E/BER, Piazza, lease of 26 June 1834 to W. Richardson (atteached letter).

117. Robson's London Directory, 1835.

118. Frederick Boase, Modern English Biography, vol. v; Clement Scott, The Drama of Yesterday and Today, 1899, vol. 1, pp. 340–1; Harold Scott, The Early Doors, 1946, pp. 116–117.

119. D.N.B. sub George Henry Townsend; Clement Scott, op. cit., p. 345; Harold Scott, op. cit., pp. 116–32.

120. G.L.R.O.(L), M.B.O. District Surveyors' Returns, vol. 38, 7 Dec. 1850; P.P., Report from the select Committee on Theatrical Licences and Regulations, vol. xvi, 1866, p. 200.

121. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 17 Dec. 1855 to J. Green.

122. The Builder, 21 July, 22 Dec. 1855, pp. 348, 622.

123. The Art Journal, April 1856, p. 127.

124. Report from the Select Committee, ut supra, pp. 200–4.

125. The Builder, 18 Feb., 15 April 1871, pp. 134, 283.

126. B.O.L., photograph of north-west range of Piazza, 1877.

127. E/BER, Church Papers, H. Clutton's bill, 18 April 1879.

128. Compare B.O.L. photograph of Piazza in 1877 and lithograph in Particulars of Sale, Ewans's Hotel, 23 June 1880, in possession of G.L.C.

129. The Builder, 14 July 1906, p. 38; Guy Deghy, Noble and Manly, 1956, pp. 36–7.

130. John Hollingshead, My Lifetime, 1895, vol. II, pp. 209–10; R.B.; P.O.D.

131. Deghy, op. cit., pp. 37–8.

132. E/BER, plans list 3, nos. 22, 41.

133. G.L.C., Dept. of Architecture and Civic Design, Hisoric Buildings Division, photograph of May 1932.

134. The Times, 19 Oct. 1929.

135. Raymond Mander and Joe Mitchenson, The Theatres of London, 1963 ed., p. 263; Late Joys at the Players' Theatre,1943, pp. 13–15, 35, 112; E. S. 100066; P.O.D.

136. Information kindly supplied by Lord Fairhaven; Sir Albert Richardson, 'A 17th-Century Admiral's Staircase' in Country Life, 23 May 1963, p. 1167.

137. W.P.L., box 28/9.

138. The Gentleman's Magazine, vol. 84, pt. 11, Nov. 1814, pp. 444–5.

139. Illustrated in Sir Albert Richardson, 'A 17th Century Admiral's Staircase', ut supra.

140. R.I.B.A., Drawings Collection, W 1/36.

141. E/BER, James Street, lease of 4 May 1632 to J. Dodge and M. Lucas.

142. Ibid., James Street, lease of 21 Aug. 1635 to J. Ward.

143. W.P.L., F.1021.

144. G.L.R.O.(M), LV(W), 2/11–15, 1690.

145. Margaret M. Verney, Memoirs of the Verney Family from the Restoration to the Revolution, 1660 to 1696, 1899, p. 272.

146. E/BER, James Street, leases of 1697–8, passim.

147. House of Lords, MS. Act 16 and 17 Car. I, no. 30.

148. B.O.L., Correspondence, Tomkinson to Palmer, Oct. 1779.

149. W.P.L., H.806, p. 6; H.807, f. 99; H.839, p. 267.

150. The Letters of David Garrick, ed. David M. Little and George M. Kahrl, 1963, vol. 1, pp. 42, 45, 79, 85; The private Correspndence of David Garrick, ed. James Boaden, vol. 1, 1831, p. 50.

151. B.O.L., Proposal Book U, no. 202b, and Scrap book, f. 31; E/BER, James Street, leases to W. Howard; M.L.R. 1865/8/524–5; R.B.

152. P.R.O., C8/328/179; C103/166.

153. B.O.L., Proposal Book 2, no. 40; L.C.C. Minutes, 16 May 1899,p. 735; R.B. date on building.

154. E/BER, Long Acre, lease of 18 Oct. 1633 to S. Shelton.

155. W.P.L., F.367.

156. Survey of London, vol. xx, 1940, p. 125.

157. E/BER, Piazza, lease of 5 July 1636 to T. Barnes.

158. Ibid., King Street, lease of 10 July 1633 to M. Aubert.

159. Ibid., Long Acre, lease of 13 Jan. 1635/6 to J. Parker.

160. P.R.O., C8/176/90.

161. Ibid., C8/347/51; C8/537/8; C10/281/47.

162. Cal. S. P. Dom. 1651–1652, p. 2.

163. Middlesex County Records, typescript calendar of sessions books, 1656–64, p. 38; P.R.O., C6 217/4.

164. Churchwardens' accounts at St. Paul's Church, 1691.

165. W.P.L., H.802, f. 89.

166. Sir Ambrose Heal, The London Furniture Makers, 1953, pp. 86, 102.

167. E. Croft-Murray, Decorative Painting in England, 1962, p. 244.

168. W.P.L., H.805, p. 161; R.B.; Evans's Music and Supper Rooms, Covent Garden, N.D. p. 5 (B.M. pressmark 11794 e 4).

169. W.P.L., H.805, pp. 110, 173.

170. E/BER, King Street, lease of 27 Feb. 1773 to J. Lane.

171. W.P.L., H.805, p. 359; R.B.

172. W.P.L., H.805, pp. 333, 458; R.B.

173. W.P.L., H.806, p. 7.

174. Ibid., H.807, f. 35.

175. Ibid., H.838, pp. 70–1.

176. Ibid., H.844, ff. 14, 77.

177. Ibid., H.844, f. 105.

178. Ibid., H.845, p. 342.

179. B.O.L., Annual Reports, 1861, p. 111; 1862, p. 80; 1864, p. 14; 1867, p. 169; percy J. Edwards, History of London Street Imporvements, 1855–1897, 1898, p. 26.

180. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1860, pp. 4–5.

181. M.L.R. 1861/2/197; The Builder, 23 Oct. 1858, p. 716; R.B.

182. W.P.L., H.839, p. 69; R.B.

183. P.R.O., CREST 26/64, 23 June 1836.

184. Ibid., CREST 26/34, passim; P.O.D.; Robson's London Directory; R.B.

185. P.R.O., C10/93/2.

186. Ibid., C8/84/53.

187. Ibid., SP16/400, no. 100.

188. B.O.L., Muniment Register II, p. 1015, D, boundle 8, no. 1.

189. P.R.O., PC2/49, p. 493.

190. Charles E. Ward, The Life of John Dryden, 1961, pp. 143–4.

191. E/BER, Rose Street, leases; P.R.O., C10/240/131.

192. W.P.L., H.807, ff. 35–6; H.845, p. 238.

193. The Builder, 24 Sept. 1853, p. 602.

194. E. Walford, Old and New London, 1874, vol. 111, p. 264.

195. Some Olde London Shope Signes [sic], 1891, p. 3 (copy in G.L.C. members' Library).

196. G.L.R.O.(M), LV(W), passim; R.B.

197. L.C.C. Minutes, 21 June 1932, p. 899; Westminster City Council Minutes, 20 July 1933, p. 367.

CHAPTER VIII (pp.185–204)

Bow Street and Russell Street Area

1. E/BER, Muniment of Title, Middlesex, D, bundle 2, no. 1.

2. R.B.

3. John Strype, A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster, 1720, vol. 11, bk. VI, p. 93.

4. R.B.; P.R.O., C9/2/111.

5. H. B. Wheatley and P. Cunningham, London Past and Present, 1891, vol. 1, p. 229.

6. R.B.; P.R.O., C5/92/8, C10/421/42, SP16/254, no. 22; Lacy's map.

7. R.B.; The London Gazette, no. 2957, 15 March 1693/4.

8. D.N.B.

9. P.R.O., C10/421/42.

10. R.B.; Wheatley and Cunningham, op. cit., vol. 111, p. 517.

11. G.L.R.O.(M), LV(W), 1743, 1751.

12. Boswell's London Journal 1762–1763, ed. F. A. Pottle, 1952 ed., p. 277.

13. E/BER, Drury Lane, deed poll of 24 March 1659/60 (confirmation to A. Annesley).

14. P.R.O., C10/226/30.

15. E/BER, Bow Street, leases of 10 Dec. 1673 to Blake, Boscher, Lloyd and Thurban.

16. P.R.O., C10/226/30; C10/227/20.

17. E/BER, Bow Street, lease of 1 July 1675 to T. Chaplin.

18. Guildhall Library, MS. 3047/2, 1 Dec. 1675; Survey of London, vol. XXXIII, 1966, p. 118.

19. R.B.; B.M., Burney Collection 118b, The Post Man, 22–24 Jan. 1701/2; Walpole Society, vol. 22, 1934 (George Vertue Note Book III), p. 10.

20. R.B.; E/BER, Bow Street, lease of 7 March 1701/2 to G. Gibbons.

21. W.P.L., H.804, p. 130; CWA 1735.

22. G.L.R.O.(M), LV(W), 1743.

23. Bedfordshire Record Office, R.1521, 1593; B.O.L., Estate Plan, 1795, second plate.

24. P.R.O., Crest 26/96.

25. W.P.L., H.844, f. 105v.

26. Sydney Smirke, Suggestions for the Architectural Improvement of the Western Part of London, 1834, pp. 49–50.

27. B.A. 10147.

28. R.B.; G.L.R.O.(M), LV(W), 1690.

29. R.B.; P.R.O. C10/114/37.

30. R.B.; T. A. Critchley, A History of Police in England and Wales, 900–1966, 1967, p. 20.

31. E/BER, Bow Street, lease of 20 Sept. 1703 to J. Browne.

32. Robert Raines, Marcellus Laroon, 1966, no. 56.

33. Critchley, loc. cit.

34. Critchley, op. cit., p. 323.

35. Boswell's London Journal, ut supra, p. 281.

36. Percy Fitzgerald, Chronicles of Bow Street Police Office, 1888, vol. I, facing p. 32.

37. B.O.L., Correspondence, Fielding to Palmer, 14 June 1780.

38. E/BER, Bow Street, lease of 10 April 1781 to W. Addington and K. Brydges.

39. Ibid., Bow Street, leases of 27 May 1811 and 9 Aug. 1813 to J. Read.

40. Ibid., Bow Street, lease of 28 Feb. 1842 to J. Wray.

41. W.P.L., H.840, p. 190.

42. E/BER, Bow Street, lease of 5 Nov. 1832 to W. Bucke.

43. B.O.L., Correspondence, Haedy to Duke of Bedford, 23 May 1840.

44. The Builder, 21 April 1860, pp. 247–8.

45. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1862, pp. 82–4.

46. The Builder, 2 Nov. 1867, p. 797.

47. 34 and 35 Vict. c. 35. public.

48. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1872, vol. 11, p. 12; E/BER, Bow Street, agreement of 9 May 1873.

49. The Builder, 29 Nov. 1873, pp. 940–1.

50. M.B.W. Minutes, 5 Dec. 1873, p. 568.

51. B.O.L., London Reports, vol. I, p. 433.

52. Colvin, p. 75.

53. E/BER, Solicitors' Papers, no. 72.

54. Ibid., loc. cit.; The Builder, 21 June 1879, pp. 686–90.

55. 39 and 40 Vict., c. 238, local.

56. The Builder, 7 April 1877, p. 357.

57. Ibid., 8 March 1879, p. 262.

58. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1880, vol. 11, p. 5.

59. E/BER, Solicitors' Papers, no. 73; B.O.L., Annual Report, 1887, p. 172.

60. B.O.L., London Reports, vol. 111, pp. 344–5.

61. The Builder, 21 June 1879, pp. 686–90.

62. Information kindly supplied by the General Post Office and the Ministry of Public Building and Works.

63. 16 and 17 Car. I c. 8, private (House of Lords Act no. 30).

64. P.R.O., C5/236/22, C6/298/96.

65. R.B.; G.E.C.

66. R.B.; Cal. S.P. Dom. 1634–1635, pp. 423–4; P.R.O., SP 16/254, no. 22.

67. The Diary of John Evelyn, ed. E. S. de Beer, vol. 111, p. 233 and note; R.B.

68. The Correspondence of John Cosin, D. D., 1869, vol. 11 (Surtees Society, vol. L11), pp. 30–7.

69. Bryant Lillywhite, London Coffee Houses, 1963, pp. 156, 543; R.B.

70. Wheatley and Cunningham, op. cit., vol. 111, pp. 383–4; B.O.L., Annual Report, 1867, vol. 1, pp. 179–81; R.B.

71. Samuel Johnson, The Lives of the English Poets. . ., vol. 11, 1781, p. 47.

72. R.B.; Wheatley and Cunningham, op. cit., vol. 1, pp. 314–16.

73. W.P.L., H.806, pp. 6–7; R.B.

74. The Letters of Charles Lamb, ed. E. V. Lucas, 1935, vol. 11, pp. 217, 394.

75. E. V. Lucas, The Life of Charles Lamb, 1906 ed., vol. 1, p. 39on.

76. B.O.L., Estate Plans, 1795 and 1866; Annual Report, 1861, p. 4; London Reports, vol. 2, pp. 514, 532, 534.

77. R.B.; B.O.L., Annual Report, 1887, p. 172.

78. R.B.; B.O.L., Correspondence, D. Beaumont to P. Beaumont, 2 Oct. 1775.

79. R.B.; G.L.R.O.(M), LV(W), 1708.

80. Boswell's Life of Johnson, ed. G. B. Hill, revised L. F. Powell, 1934, vol. 1, p. 390n.

81. The Private Correspondence of David Garrick, vol. 1, 1831, pp. 162–6; The Letters of David Garrick, ed. D. M. Little and G. M. Kahrl, 1963, vol. 1, pp. 382–5.

82. Boswell's Life of Johnson, ut supra, vol. 1, p. 391, vol. 11, p. 344, vol. 111, p. 223, vol. IV, pp. 231, 365.

83. Boswell's London Journal 1762–1763, ed. F. A. Pottle, 1952 ed., p. 110.

84. Boswell's Life of Johnson, ut supra, vol. 1, p. 392.

85. Ibid., vol. 111, pp. 223, 249.

86. R.B.; P.O.D.; M.L.R. 1866/7/752; B.O.L., Annual Report, 1867, vol. 1, pp. 179–81.

87. B.O.L., Scrapbook, f. 7a.

88. B.A. 48982; The Builder, 29 April 1927, pp. 683, 694; information kindly supplied by G.P.O. archives department.

89. P.R.O., C5/236/22, C6/298/96.

90. Robert Elkin, The Old Concert Rooms of London, 1955, pp. 37–41.

91. R.B.; E/BER, Charles Street, lease of 12 May 1714 to John Tisser.

92. W.P.L., H.806, p. 7.

93. Ibid., H. 844, f. 135.

94. Ibid., f.76; R.B.

95. G.L.R.O.(M), LV(W), 1753; R.B.

96. R.B.; M.L.R. 1791/8/144; The Universal Director . . . by Mr. Mortimer, 1763.

97. R.B.; P.R.O., C10/80/96.

98. G.L.R.O.(M), LV(W), 1708, 1719–21.

99. R.B.; W.P.L., H.805, p. 156.

100. R.B.; W.P.L., H.805, p. 124.

101. R.B.; D.N.B.

102. R.B; P.O.D.

103. P.R.O., C5/236/22, C6/298/96, C8/587/92, C8/609/11.

104. M.L.R. 1822/4/792–3, 1822 5 439–40, 1822/ 7/339–40; sale particulars of 2 March 1821 in 'Collection of Posters' etc. (B.M., pressmark 747 c 23).

105. R.B.; M.L.R. 1752/2/151.

106. Survey of London, vol. XXXII, 1963, Plate 137a.

107. G.L.R.O.(M), LV(W), 1763, 1795; R.B.

108. R.B.; M.L.R. 1753/3/338.

109. R.B.; M.L.R. 1729/4/205.

110. M.L.R. 1733/5/126.

111. Ibid., 1733/3/148, 1733/5/126.

112. Thomas de Quincey, Confessions of an English Opium Eater, ed. Malcolm Elwin, 1956, pp. 59, 63.

113. B.O.L., Muniment Register II, p. 1022, D, bundle 12, no. 3.

114. Brasenose College, Oxford, Muniments, London b 27; Lacy's map.

115. B.O.L., Muniment Register II, pp. 1009–10, D, bundle 3, nos. 1–5.

116. P.R.O., C8/38/77.

117. Ibid., C5/375/33.

118. Ibid., SP16/254, no. 22; Cal. S.P. Dom., Addenda 1625–1649, pp. 485–6; 1633–1634, p. 476; 1634–1635, pp. 198–9; R.B.

119. P.R.O., C3/424/13; Wheatley and Cunningham, London Past and Present, 1891, vol. 11, pp. 51–2.

120. Wheatley and Cunningham, op. et loc. cit.; H.M.C., 12th Report, Appendix ix, part v, vol. 11, 1889, pp. 120–1; R.B.

121. P.R.O., SP16/254, no. 22; Cal. S.P. Dom. 1634–1635, pp. 198–9, 531; 1635–1636, p. 384; R.B.

122. P.R.O., C6/150(pt. 2)/51.

123. Bryant Lillywhite, op. cit., pp. 487–9.

124. P.R.O., C7/204/76.

125. Ibid., C5/333/18; R.B.

126. W.P.L., H.806, pp. 7, 120.

127. Ibid., H.845, pp. 161–2.

128. Ibid., pp. 22–3.

129.The Era, 27 Nov. 1929, p. 9.

130.The Builder, 7 July 1906, p. 10.

131. B.O.L., London Reports, vol. 2, pp. 196, 227.

132. E/BER, plans list 4, no. 7.

133. The Builder, 1 Nov. 1902, pp. 394–5.

134. Ibid., 8 June 1907, p. 694.

135. B.O.L., Proposal Book 3, nos. 5, 10.

136. The Builder, 19 May 1906, p. 558, 8 June 1907, p. 694.

137. B.A. 30194.

138. The Builder, 29 Nov. 1929, p. 908.

139. B.A. 61616.

140. The Stage, 28 Nov. 1929, p. 18.

141. Enthoven.

142. The Builder, 29 Nov. 1929, pp. 908, 915, 923; The Era, 27 Nov. 1929, p. 9.

143. The Builder, ut supra, pp. 908, 949–50.

144. The Times, 26 Nov. 1929.

145. Raymond Mander and Joe Mitchenson, The Theatres of London, 1963, pp. 74–5.

146. R.B.; The Builder, 19 April 1879, p. 441.

CHAPTER IX (pp. 205–29)

Southampton Street and Tavistock Street Area

1. B.M., Crace Collection Maps, portfolio xiii, sheet 46; Gladys Scott Thomson, Life in a Noble Household 1641–1700, 1937, p. 37.

2. P.R.O., C142/211, no. 183; P.C.C., 45 Windsor.

3. P.R.O., C142/211, no. 183.

4. Bedfordshire Record Office, Russell Papers, box 355, Account, 1589.

5. Ibid., Rental, 1592.

6. Ibid., Account, 1593.

7. John V. Kitto, St. Martin-in-the-Fields, The Accounts of the Churchwardens 1525–1603, 1901, p. 418.

8. E/BER, Muniments of Title, Middlesex, G, bundle 1, no. 5.

9. Bedfordshire Record Office, Russell Papers, box 355, Inventory, 1643.

10. E/BER, Vouchers, Bedford House, 1657–94.

11. Gleanings relating to the Parish of Covent Garden Westminster, N.D. (B.M. pressmark 1889 a 20).

12. Survey of London, vol. xxix, 1960, p. 51.

13. Colvin.

14. Gladys Scott Thomson, The Russells in Bloomsbury, 1940, p. 216.

15. Corporation of London Record Office, Repertory 55, f. 222b.

16. R.B.

17. E BER, Misc. Estate Papers, petition of the inhabitants of Southampton Street, 1739.

18. Ibid., Misc. Estate Papers, 'chusing a Barr keeper', 1759.

19. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1861, p. 111.

20. Ibid., Annual Report, 1872, vol. 2, p. 13.

21. E BER, Southampton Street, lease of 1 July 1830 to W. Herbert; Sixth Report of the Commissioners of His Majesty's Woods, Forests and Land Revenues, 1829, p. 148; Eighth Report, 1831, p. 51; B.O.L., Muniment Register, vol. III, bundle 20, nos. 6–8; 7 Geo. IV, c. 77, public.

22. B.O.L., Proposal Book S, no. 104; The Builder, 4 July 1857, p. 374.

23. The Companion to the Almanac for 1857, p. 244.

24. E/BER, Southampton Street, leases of 26 June and 20 Aug. 1832 to J. Elger; The Builder, 12 April 1873, p. 296; B.O.L., Annual Report, 1893, p. 100.

25. E/BER, Misc. Estate Papers, letter from G. Box, 20 Sept. 1764.

26. Ibid., Southampton Street, lease of 14 May 1708 to W. Holmes.

27. Bryant Lillywhite, London Coffee Houses, 1963, p. 671.

28. Walpole Society, vol. 30, 1955 (George Vertue Note Book VI), p. 150; Sidney Hutchinson, The History of the Royal Academy 1768–1968, 1968, p. 31.

29. G. D. H. Cole, Life of William Cobbett, 1927, p. 73; The Progress of a Plough Boy to a Seat in Parliament as exemplified in the History of the Life of William Cobbett member for Oldham, ed. William Reitzel, 1933, p. 98; R.B.

30. The Progress, ut supra, p. 100; H.M.C., Morrison MSS., 1884, p. 487a.

31. Cole, op. cit., p. 74; R.B.

32. P.O.D.; Transactions of the Surrey Archaeological Society, 1854–5, vol. 1, pt. 1, p. xxvi.

33. P.O.D.; Report of the Society for the Abolition of Capital Punishment, Jan.1865.

34. P.O.D., The Century Guild Hobby Horse, no.1, April 1884 (B.M. pressmark P.P. 1931 pcp).

35. B.O.L., London Reports, vol. 3, p. 210.

36. Ibid., Annual Report, 1894, p. 201.

37. Ibid., London Reports, vol. 1, pp. 128–9; Annual Report, 1893, p. 100.

38. E/BER, Southampton Street, lease of 14 December 1706 to A. Godfrey Hanckwitz.

39. Ibid., Southampton Street, lease of 27 October 1707 to W. Farrer.

40. R.B.; P.O.D.; E/BER, Southampton Street, leases passim.

41. E/BER, Southampton Street, lease of 11 April 1893 to W. H. Bingham Cox; B.O.L., London Reports, vol. 3, p. 210.

42. E/BER, application for alterations, March 1903, details, plans, elevations and consent, enclosed in lease of 11 April 1893, to W. H. Bingham Cox.

43. Ibid., Southampton Street, lease of 10 December 1706 to S. Rolt.

44. The Letters of David Garrick, ed. David M. Little and George M. Kahrl, 1963, vol. 1, p. 101.

45. Ibid., vol. 1, pp. 102–78, passim.

46. E/BER, Southampton Street, lease of 14 December 1751 to D. Garrick.

47. The London Stage 1660–1800, Part 4, 1747–1776, ed. G. W. Stone, 1962, p. clxxxvii.

48. E/BER, Southampton Street, lease of 16 December 1771 to D. Garrick; Letters of David Garrick, vol. II, p. 792.

49. R.B.; Survey of London, vol. XXIX, 1960, pp. 235–6.

50. R.B.; P.O.D.; E/BER, Southampton Street, leases of 11 Oct. 1809 and 1 June 1830 to J. and A. Eastey respectively.

51. E/BER, Southampton Street, lease of 20 March 1865 to A. C. S. Draper; specification of alterations enclosed in lease.

52. The Builder, 9 February 1901, p. 133.

53. Joseph Ince, 'Ambrose Godfrey Hanckwitz' in The Pharmaceutical Journal, vol. XVIII, 1859, pp. 126–30, 157–62, 215–22.

54. Survey of London, vol. XXIX, 1960, p. 368.

55. D.N.B.

56. Ince, op. cit., p. 219.

57. Ibid., pp. 157–62.

58. E/BER, plan list 2, no. 59.

59. Ibid., plan list 2, no. 59; Misc. Estate Papers, 'Mr. Godfrey's Plan'; P.C.C., 12 Spurway.

60. Ince, op. cit., p. 220.

61. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1862, pp. 75–6.

62. Ibid., London Reports, vol. 1, p. 192.

63. London in 1710 from the Travels of Z. C. von Uffenbach, trans. and ed. W. H. Quarrell and Margaret Mare, 1934, pp. 148–9.

64. Ambrose Godfrey, An Account of the New Method of Extinguishing Fires by Explosion and Suffocation, 1724, pp. 3–6; B.M., Sloane MS. 4052, f. 315.

65. Notes and Queries, Seventh Series, 1889, vol. VIII, pp. 257–8.

66. P.C.C., 12 Spurway.

67. The Gentleman's Magazine, 1746, pp. 45, 108.

68. P.C.C., 338 Glazier.

69. P.C.C., 239 Exeter.

70. E/BER, articles of partnership between A. T. Godfrey and C. G. Cooke, 5 May 1797, with Southampton Street lease of 17 July 1797 to same parties.

71. Ibid., Southampton Street, lease of 17 July 1797 to A. T. Godfrey and C. G. Cooke.

72. MS. 'Memoranda of the Godfrey family and the firm of Godfrey and Cooke' by H. G. Ince, in possession of the Pharmaceutical Society.

73. P.C.C., Admon. 1807; MS. 'Memoranda . . .' ut supra.

74. W.P.L., ratebooks of St. George's Hanover Square.

75. P.C.C., 1843, f. 18.

76. P.O.D.

77. Notes and Queries, Seventh Series, 1889, vol. VIII, pp. 257–8; P.O.D.

78. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1893, p. 100.

79. Thomas Walker, The Original, no. 111, 3 June 1835, in Collected First Edition 1835. p. 41 (copy in B.M., Pressmark P.P. 5840).

80. R.B.; G.L.R.O.(M), LV(W) Passim; P.O.D.

81. R.B.; Lillywhite, op. cit., pp. 325–6.

82. B.O.L., Correspondence, Haedy to Adam, 6 Sept. 1829.

83. W.P.L., H.843, p. 54.

84. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1884, vol. 2, p. 2.

85. Ibid., Annual Report, 1884, vol. 2, p. 2; 1894, pp. 201, 203.

86. Benard Darwin, Fifty years of 'Country Life', 1947, pp. 13–16.

87. Ibid., p. 21; B.O.L., Proposal Book 3, p. 4.

88. Country Life, 12 Jan. 1967, pp. 50, 54.

89. B.A. 24425.

90. Christopher Hussey, The Life of Sir Edwin Lutyens, 1950, p. 125.

91. Darwin, op. cit., p. 16; E/BER, Estate Papers, sale documents, conveyance 30 July 1918 (Schedule).

92. B.A. 25541–2; Country Life, 27 May 1905, pp. 733–4.

93. W.P.L., Minutes of Strand District Board of Works; M.L.R. 1858/5/841; The Builder, 18 July 1857, p. 412.

94. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1884, vol. 2, p. 2; 1885, vol. 2, p.1.

95. R.B.; G.L.R.O.(M), LV(W) passim; B.O.L., Estate Plan of 1866.

96. Walpole Society, vol. 22, 1934 (George Vertue Note Book III), p. 153.

97. Annals of the Fine Arts for MDCCCXVI, ed. James Elmes, 1817.

98. Annals of the Fine Arts for MDCCCXVIII, ed. James Elmes, 1819.

99. P.R.O., C 54/571, no. 30; E/BER, Muniment of Title, Middlesex, bundle E, nos. 1–3; Northamptonshire Record Office, Burghley House MSS., 5/21.

100. Burghley House MSS., 5/19, 25/1.

101. Hatfield House, Cecil Family and Estate Papers, deed 184/5.

102. Burghely House MSS., 13/1.

103. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1894, p. 206.

104. The Illustrated London News, 20 Aug. 1859, p. 206.

105. M.L.R. 1859/7/930–2; B.O.L., Proposal Book T, no. 165a.

106. Church Commissioners, file 21769/1.

107. Guildhall Library, MS. 9531/25, ff. 254–5.

108. Ibid., ff. 249V–254.

109. The London Gazette, 26 Dec. 1848, pp. 4665–6.

110. Ibid., 8 Aug. 1905, pp. 5448–50.

111. St. Michael's Church Monthly, Sept. 1905.

112. The Times, 29 March 1906; Church Commissioners, file 21769/1.

113. Notes and Queries, Tenth Series, 1906, vol. v, p. 181.

114. Ibid., p. 507; The Builder, 7 July 1906, p. 8; The London Gazette, ut supra; Colvin, sub James Savage.

115. R.B.; Church Commissioners, file 1440, 28 Oct. 1887.

116. The Architect, 22 Jan. 1881 (letter from W. Galsworthy Davie). This reference was kindly supplied by Dr. Paul Thompson.

117. Church Commissioners, file 1440, 28 Oct. 1887.

118. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1855, pp. 5–6.

119. M.L.R. 1859/7/160.

120. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1858, p. 53.

121. John Strype, A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster, 1720, vol. II, bk. VI, p. 93.

122. B.O.L., Muniment of Title, Middlesex, E, no. 4; P.R.O., C54/2353/11.

123. Fifth Report of the Commissioners of His Majesty's Woods, Forests and Land Revenues, 1826, p. 13 and Appendix no. 23.

124. Fifth Report, ut supra, p. 148; Seventh Report . . ., 1830, pp. 64–5.

125. Cary's New Plan of London and its Vicinity 1830; Plan of London from Actual Survey 1832.

126. Boswell's Life of Johnson, ed. G.B. Hill, revised by L. F. Powell, 1934, vol. II, p. 103.

127. W.P.L., H.805, p. 182; H.806, p. 12.

128. Memoirs of Thomas Hardy . . . written by Himself, 1832, pp. 13–14 ; London Corresponding Society Held at the Bell, ExeterStreet, Strand, broadsheet dated 2 April 1792 (B.M., pressmark 648 c 26(4)).

129. G.L.R.O.(L), M.B.O. 22, ff. 112–20, case no. 788 ; P.O.D ; Survey of London, vol. XXXIV, 1966, p. 492.

130. B.O.L., Muniment Register V, pp. 30–9, 49–50, 57, 59.

131. Ibid., Annual Report, 1855, pp. 5–6.

132. W.P.L., H.841, pp. 242–4.

133. Ibid., H.844, ff. 23, 31.

134. Ibid., H.844, pp. 167 and 174.

135. 1 and 2 William IV, c. 29, public.

136. P.R.O., CREST 26/163, Waterloo Bridge Company to First Commissioners of H.M. Woods, Forest, etc., 10 June 1830.

137. Eighth Report of the Commissioners of His Majesty's Woods, Forests and Land Revenues, 1831, p. 6; Tenth Report, 1833, p.42; P.R.O., CREST 26, 33, Milne to Deering, 29 Nov., 19 Dec. 1831.

138. Thirteenth Report, ut supra, 1836, p. 29; P.R.O., CREST 26/16, p.73.

139. Twelfth Report, ut supra, 1835, p. 24; P.R.O., CREST 26 34, pp. 86–7.

140. Reports, ut supra, passim.

141. P.R.O., CREST 26/163, Milne to Higgins, 10 April 1830; 26/34, same to Deering, 9 June 1834; 26/34, Adams to Stanham, 10 Nov. 1834; Thirteenth Report, ut supra, p. 29.

142. E/BER, Solicitors' Paper, Haedy to Wing, 3 March 1834.

143. P.R.O., CREST 26/33, p. 248.

144. Ibid., 26/163, Sept. 1833.

145. R. Mander and J.Mitchenson, The Theatres of London, 1963, p. 274.

146 W.P.L., H.841, pp. 251–2.

147 R.B.; P.O.D.

148 P.P., First Report from Select Committe on Metroplis Improvements, 1840, vol. XII, pp. 71–2; Survey of London, vol. XXXIV, 1966, pp. 353–4.

149. Companion to the Almanac for 1835, p. 236.

150. P.R.O., CREST 26/163, Chawner and Rhodes to Miline, 26 July 1834.

151. Ibid., 26/34, p. 385.

152. Thirteenth Report of the Commissioners of His Majesty's Woods, Forest and Land Revenues, 1836, p. 29.

153. W.P.L., H.841, pp. 257–8, 263–4, 281–2, 301; P.R.O., CREST 26/34, pp. 86–7.

154. P.R.O., CREST 26/163, Chawner and Rhodes to Commissioners, 2 May 1834.

155. M.L.R. 1840/2/684–6; E/BER, Solicitors' Papers, Haedy to Wing, 10 April 1834.

156. M.L.R. 1835/6/645.

157. Ibid., 1839/8/666.

158. Fraser's Magazine, vol. 20, Dec. 1839,pp. 706–707; The Companion to the Almanac for 1840, pp. 225–6; The Civil Engineer and Architect's Journal, vol. 111, Jan. 1840, p. 8.

159. Architectural Publication Society Dictionary, article on Sydney Smirke.

160. W.P.L., H.845, pp. 22–3.

161. M.L.R. 1861/12/665; P.O.D.

162. R.B.; P.O.D.; The Builders, 15 Aug. 1863, p. 592; information kindly supplied by the Victoria Club.

CHAPTER X (pp. 230–52)

Henrietta Street and Maiden Lane Area

1. R.B.

2. E/BER, Rental, 1637.

3. Ibid., King Street, lease of 20 Aug. 1631 to T. Turney.

4. Ibid., Henrietta Street, leases of 23 Nov. 1632 and 16 July 1633 to W. Newton and E. Palmer respectively.

5. R.B.; E/BER, Henrietta Street, building leases, passim.

6. P.R.O., C5/78/63.

7. John Strype, A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster, vol. 11, bk. VI, p. 93.

8. R.B.; B.O.L., Contract Book 2, pp. 9–38; E/BER, Henrietta Street, building leases of 1729, passim.

9. R.B.; W.P.L., F.2002, p. 143; Cal. S.P. Dom. 1633–4, pp. 173, 198–9, 383; 1634–5, pp. 412–13, 423–4.

10. Annals of the Fine Arts for MDCCCXVI, ed. James Elmes, 1817.

11. B.O.L., Proposal Book T, no. 113a.

12. The Builder, 10 April 1875, p. 323.

13. G.L.R.O.(M), LV(W), 1751; CWA 1741.

14. P.R.O., C11/778/28.

15. G.L.R.O.(M), LV(W), passim; R.B.

16. The Letters of Richard Brinsley Sheridan, ed. Cecil Price, 1966, vol. 1, pp. 27–31.

17. E/BER, Misc. Estate Papers, 'An Estimate of Several Repairs and Alterations ... at a House . . . Late the Castle Tavern, but now in the possession of Messrs. Duesbury & Co'; R.B.

18. R.B.; Bryant Lillywhite, London Coffee Houses, 1963, pp. 130, 477–8.

19. Journal of the Royal Society of Arts, vol. LVIII, 1910, pp. 384–5.

20. R.B.; P.O.D.

21. John Timbs, Walks & Talks about London, 1865, p. 181.

22. M.L.R. 1878/23/471; B.O.L., London Reports, vol. 1, p. 279; P.O.D.

23. E/BER, plan list 4, no. 13; B.O.L., London Reports, vol. 1, pp. 279, 488.

24. G.L.R.O.(L), M.B.W., District Surveyors' Returns, 1657, St. Martin's and Soho, no. 75.

25. The Builder, 24 Aug. 1878, p. 875.

26. E/BER, Henrietta Street, lease of 11 June 1781 to J. Bellamy; R.B.

27. G.L.R.O.(L), M.B.W., District Surveyors' Returns, 1659, Holborn and E. Strand, no. 171.

28. E/BER, Henrietta Street, lease of 11 June 1781 to D. Jennings; R.B.

29. E/BER, Henrietta Street, lease of 13 Nov. 1865 to D. D. Pankhurst.

30. Daily Courant, 19 June 1730.

31. B.O.L., Correspondence, Willoughby to Smith, 27 June 1730.

32. E/BER, Henrietta Street, leases of 9, 10 and 11 July 1730 to F. Child, J. James and J. Salt respectively; B.O.L., Contract Book 2, p. 50.

33. Inventory and account of estate of John James, deceased, formerly at Flaxley Abbey, Glos., now in possession of B. H. Blackwell, Ltd., Oxford, by whose courtesy it was inspected.

34. B.O.L., Proposal Book W, no. 117.

35. E/BER, Henrietta Street, leases of 23 and 24 Aug. 1813 to G. Dickinson and R. Haughton respectively.

36. B.O.L., Proposal Book T, no. 113a.

37. W.P.L., H.840, p. 137; R.B.; P.O.D.; B.O.L., Muniment Register, vol. III, p. 54, bundle 19, nos. 12–13.

38. E/BER, Henrietta Street, lease of 15 April 1726 to P. Guerin; R.B.

39. E/BER, Henrietta Street, leases of 1 July 1839 and 7 Nov. 1861 to T. Warne; B.O.L., Proposal Book U, no. 50.

40. E/BER, Henrietta Street, lease of 15 April 1726 to S. Denton; R.B.

41. Jane Austen's Letters, ed. R. W. Chapman, 2nd ed. 1952, passim; Winifred Watson, Jane Austen in London, 1960, pp. 5–6.

42. B.O.L., Proposal Book S, no. 102.

43. Clifford Morson (ed.), St. Peter's Hospital for Stone 1860–1960, 1960, pp. 9–10.

44. M.L.R. 1877/31/954, 1879/13/16; G.L.R.O. (L), M.B.W. District Surveyors' Returns, 1659, Holborn and E. Strand, no. 67; P.O.D.

45. E/BER, plan list 2, no. 47.

46. The Builder, 10 April 1875, pp. 322–3; B.O.L., Proposal Book 1, no. 51a; E/BER, plan list 2, no. 48.

47. B.O.L., Proposal Book for 1883–96, no. 40; E/BER, plan list 4, no. 22; G.L.R.O.(L), M.B.W., District Surveyors' Returns, 1756, Holborn and E. Strand, nos. 19–22.

48. B.O.L., Proposal Book for 1883–96, no. 90; ibid., London Reports, vol. 2, p. 277; P.O.D.

49. The Building News, 19 Feb. 1858, p. 190; R.B.; P.O.D.

50. B.O.L., Proposal Book T, no. 19a.

51. M.L.R. 1858/5/842.

52. John Summerson, The Architectural Association 1847–1947, 1947, pp. 3–5, 8–9.

53. The Builder, 4 July 1857, p. 374.

54. Ibid., 10 Jan. 1857, p. 22, 16 Jan. 1858, p. 34.

55. P.O.D.

56. The Builder, 10 Sept. 1881, p. 345.

57. The Building News, 19 Feb. 1858, p. 187.

58. M.L.R. 1886/12/546; P.O.D.

59. Morson, op. cit., pp. 1–7.

60. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1880, vol. 2, p. 2.

61. Ibid., loc. cit.; E/BER, plan list 3, no. 39.

62. E/BER, plan list 3, no. 39.

63. G.L.R.O.(L), M.B.W., District Surveyors' Returns, 1701, Holborn and E. Strand, no. 23.

64. The Times, 30 June 1882.

65. M.L.R. 1886/13/279.

66. Morson, op. cit., pp. 7, 9–10; P.O.D.

67. B.O.L., Proposal Book for 1883–96, no. 56; ibid., Annual Report, 1883, p. 176; P.O.D.

68. The Builder, 30 March 1889, p. 251; Centenary of Covent Garden Branch (typescript kindly supplied by Westminster Bank); Westminster Bank Archives, 291/1, 2 and 3 (plans by Alfred Williams).

69. E/BER, Henrietta Street, leases of 1631, passim.

70. G.L.R.O(L), BRA 723/12.

71. E/BER, Rental, 25 Feb. 1618.

72. B.O.L., Estate Plan, 1795.

73. P.R.O., C6/125(pt. 2)/39.

74. P.P., Report from the Select Committee of the House of Commons on Town Holdings, 1887, vol. X I I I, p. 576.

75. E/BER, Henrietta Street, leases, passim.

76. R.B.; B.M., Add. MS. 38464, f. 102.

77. R.B.; E/BER, Maiden Lane, lease of 30 June 1727 to A. Godfrey.

78. The Builder, 3 Oct. 1874, p. 819.

79. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1872, vol. I, p. 130.

80. Ibid., vol. 2, pp. 11–12.

81. The Life, Diary and Correspondence of Sir William Dugdale, ed William Hamper, 1827, p. 362; R.B.

82. The Poems and Letters of Andrew Marvell, ed. H. M. Margoliouth, 1927, p. 346; R.B.

83. Select Letters of Voltaire, ed. Theodore Besterman, 1963, p. 29; R.B.

84. The Builder, 3 Oct. 1874, p. 820.

85. A. J. Finberg, The Life of J.M.W. Turner, R.A., 1939, p. 8, 8n.; R.B.

86. Finberg, op. cit., p. 17.

87. Ibid., pp. 26, 52–3, 60, 63.

88. Ibid., pp. 8n., 9n.

89. The Builder, 3 Oct. 1874, p. 820; P.O.D.

90. G.L.R.O.(M), LV(W), passim; R.B.

91. B.O.L., London Reports, vol. 1, p. 168.

92. Archdiocese of Westminster, Finance Office, lease of 5 May 1875.

93. B.O.L., Proposal Book 1, no. 2b.

94. The Building News, 23 Oct. 1874, p. 488.

95. The Tablet, 24 Oct. 1874, p. 534.

96. Ibid,; The Building News, ut supra.

97. B.O.L., London Reports, vol. 4, p.16.

98. The Catholic Weekly, 17 Jan. 1902, p. 2.

99. R.B.; C. J. Phipps, Observations on the Report of Captain Shaw, 1882; R. Mander and J. Mitchenson, The Theatres of London, 1963, p. 192.

100. The Builder, 23 April 1870, p. 319.

101. G.L.R.O.(L), Theatre case 451, plan, list 13, parcel 9.

102. The Era, 17 April 1870, p. 11; The Builder, loc. cit., Phipps, op. cit.

103. Enthoven.

104. T. McDonald Rendle, Jubilee of the Vaudeville Theatre, p. 6 (copy in Enthoven Theatre Collection); H. Barton Baker, The London Stage, 1889, vol. 11, p. 279.

105. M.L.R. 1870/11/551; P.O.D.

106. G.L.C., Dept. of Architecture and Civic Design, Theatre case 451.

107. Survey of London, vol XXXIII, 1966, p. 36.

108. The Era, 10 Jan. 1891, p. 11; G.L.C., Dept. of Architecture and Civic Design, Theatre case 451.

109. The Era, ut supra.

110. M.L.R. 1891/14/689.

111. Ibid., 1892/26/422.

112. McDonald Rendle, op. cit., pp. 18–19.

113. Information Kindly supplied by Mr. J. A. Gatti,

114. G.L.C., Dept of Architecture and Civic Design, Theatre case 451; The Builder, 19 March 1926, p. 472.

115. Enthoven; G.L.C., Dept. of Architecture and Civic Design, Theatre case 451

116. B.A. 9919.

117. G.L.R.O.(L), M.B.W., District Surveyors' Returns, 1659, Holborn and E. Strand, no. 33.

118 M.L.R. 1802/2/622.

119. Ibid., 1808/8/127.

120. Ibid., 1813/9/471; R.B.

121. W.P.L., Theatre Collection, Adelphi, vol. 1; Enthoven; R.B.

122. M.L.r. 1815/3/765.

123. W.P.L., Theatre Collection, ut supra; Enthoven.

124. M.L.R. 1819/7/722–5.

125. Mander and Mitchenson, op. cit., p. 16; H. Barton Baker, History of the London Stage, 1904 ed., p. 416.

126. W.P.L., Theatre Collection, ut supra; M.L.R. 1825/9/713; R.B.

127. W.P.L., Theatre Collection, Adelphi, vol. 11; D.N.B.

128. M.L.R. 1825/9/713, 1834/8/630, 1852/7/620.

129. The Letters of Sir Walter Scott, ed. H. J. C. Grierson, vol. X, 1935, pp. 408–11.

130. M.L.R. 1828/6/320; The Life of Charles James Mathews, ed. Charles Dickens, 1879, vol. 11, p.71.

131. Mander and Mitcheson, op. cit., p. 16; W.P.L., Theatre Collection, Adelphi, vol. 11; Edmund Yates: his Recollections and Experiences, 1884, vol. 1, p. 200.

132. W.P.L., Theatre Collection, Adelphi, vol. 11.

133. J.G. Lockhart, Memoirs of the Life of Sir Walter Scott, Bart., 1837, vol. VI, pp. 361–2.

134. Edmund Yates, ut supra, pp. 13, 22.

135. Mander and Mitchenson, op.cit., p. 17; W.P.L., Theatre Collection, Adelphi, vol. 11; R.B.

136. W.P.L., Theatre Collection, Adelphi, vol. 111.

137. Memoirs of Charles Mathews, Comedian, by Mrs. Mathews, vol. IV, 1839, p. 1.

138. The Mirror, 7 Nov. 1840, pp. 290–1; The Companion to the Almanac for 1841, pp. 239–41.

139. M.L.R. 1845/5/58, 1852/7/621.

140. Mander and Mitchenson, op. et loc. cit.

141. The Builder, 21 Sept. 1844, p. 484, 15 Feb 1851, p. 111; Minutes of the Institution of Civil Engineers, vol. LXXXI, 1885, p. 333.

142. G.L.R.O.(L), M.B.O. 21, cases 668, 670; M.B.O. 448, letter no. 71.

143. Enthoven; Illustrated London News, 7 Oct. 1848, p. 224.

144. Guildhall Library, Collection of playbills; R.B.

145. H. Barton Baker, History of the London Stage, 1904 ed., pp. 429–31.

146. The Builder, 4 Sept., 11, 25 Dec. 1858, pp. 599–600, 833–4, 870–1, 25 April 1863, p. 292; The Era, 21 Nov. 1858, p. 10, 26 Dec 1858, p. 8.

147. M.L.R. 1867/25/879.

148. The Builder, 27 April 1867, p. 300.

149. The Times, 17, 18 Dec. 1897.

150. D.N.B.

151. H. Barton Baker, History of the London Stage, 1904 ed., pp. 434–5; John Coleman, Players and Playwrights I have known, 1888, vol. 11, pp. 357–60, 362.

152. M.L.R. 1878/31/83.

153. Barton Baker, op. et loc. cit.

154. M.L.R. 1881/16/329–30; The Daily Telegraph, 30 April 1955.

155. Metropolitan Board of Works, Prevention of Fire in Theatres, Report, 21 March 1882.

156. G.L.C., Dept. of Architecture and Civil Design, Theatre file 416; G.L.R.O.(L), M.B.W., District Surveyors' Returns, 1718, St. Martin's and Soho, nos. 14, 30, and 1720, Holborn and E. Strand, no. 122; The Builder, 21 April 1883, p. 555; R.B.

157. G.L.C., Dept. of Architecture and Civil Design, Theatre file 416; G.L.R.O.(L), M.B.W., District Surveyous' Returns, St. Martin's and Soho, 1745, no. 65 and 1754, no. 25; Enthoven; The Era, 30 July 1887, p. 7; R.B.; P.O.D.

158. G.L.C., file 416, ut supra; B.O.L., Annual Report, 1890, p. 155.

159. G.L.C., file 416, ut supra; B.A. 19737; The Sketch, 6 March, 11 Sept. 1901; The Era, 7 Sept. 1901, p. 12; The Tatler, 11 Sept. 1901; The Stage, 12 Sept. 1901; P.O.D.

160. G.L.C., file 416, ut supra; B.A. 19737; The Architects' Journal, 3 Dec. 1930, pp. 824, 828–30, 852; The Stage, 4 Dec. 1930, p. 13; Charles B. Cochran, I had almost forgotten . . ., 1932, pp. 142, 217.

161. B.A. 19737.

162. The Daily Telegraph, 30 April 1955; The Times, 5 May 1955, 3 Dec. 1960, 13 April 1961.

163. G.L.R.O.(L), M.B.W., District Surveyors' Returns, Holborn and E. Strand, 1710, no. 24 and 1756, nos. 97, 103.

164. M.L.R. 1875/28/937–8; R.B.

165. The Builder, 21 Nov. 1874, p. 978.

166. R.B.; B.O.L., London Reports, vol. 1, p. 231.

167. M.L.R. 1874/3/657.

168. The Builder, 10 Aug. 1872, p. 635.

169. M.L.R. 1887/14/467–8.

170. E/BER, plan list 3, no. 372.

171. The Builder, 30 Jan. 1886, p. 222.

172. B.O.L., London Reports, vol. 1, p. 231; M.L.R. 1874/3/659; The Builder, 12 April 1873, p. xii; P.O.D.

CHAPTER XI (pp. 253–65)

Bedford Street and Chandos Place Area

1. P.R.O., C3/420/24; E/BER, Survey, 1635; H.M.C., Cowper MSS., vol. 11, 1888, p. 167.

2. R.B.; The Diary of Sir Henry Slingsby, ed. Rev. D. Parsons, 1836, p. 75.

3. E/BER, Henrietta Street, lease of 23 Nov. 1632 to W. Newton; Rental, 1637; Lacy's map; R.B.

4. P.R.O., C7/515/107.

5. John Strype, A Survey of the cities of London and Westminster, 1720, vol. 11, bk, VI, p. 93.

6. E/BER, copy agreement by Benoni Thacker, bedford Street, 24 Aug. 1757.

7. R.B.; Baldwin's New Complete Guide, 1770.

8. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1882, vol. 2, p. 1.

9. R.B.; W.P.L., H.806, p. 167.

10. Horace B. Woodward, The History of the Geological Socicty of London, 1907, pp. 51–2, 73.

11. R.B.; D.N.B.

12. Cal. S.P. Dom. 1660–1661, pp. 45, 381.

13. Ibid., 1672, p. 310.

14. D.N.B.

15. G. H. Turnbull, 'Samuel Hartlib's Connection with Sir Francis Kynaston's "Musaeum Minervae"', in Notes and Queries, vol CXCVII, 1952, PP. 33–7.

16. B.O.L., MS. addressed to Thomas, Lord Coventry (H.M.C., 2nd Report, Appendix, 1871, p. 4, no. 267).

17. R.B.; P.R.O., SP16, 157, no. 61.

18. E. F. Rimbault, 'The Academies of Sir Francis Kynaston and Sir Balthazar Gerbier', in Notes and Queries, First Series, vol. III, 1851, pp. 317–18.

19. P.R.O., SP 16 257, no. 61.

20. Ibid., C66 2691, no. 14; expanded transcript in B. M., Add. MS. 6269, ff. 12–17.

21. R.B.

22. Cal. S.P. Dom. 1635, p. 550; 1635–1636, p. 213.

23. The Constitutions of the Musaeum Minervae, 1636 (copy in B.M., pressmark C 40c 19(1)).

24. Burrhi Impetus Fuveniles, pp. 39–41, appended to A. Gislerii Busbequii Omnia quae extant, 1660 (copy in B.M., pressmark 1084 a 18).

25. Corona Minervae, 1635 (copy in B. M., pressmark C 40 c 19 (2)).

26. Sir Francis Kynaston, 'To Cynthia, An Apologie', in Leoline and Sydanis . . . Together with Sundry Affectionate Addresses to his Mistress, 1642, p. 138.

27. P.R.O., SP 16/341, nos. 134 and 134/1.

28. Ibid., SP 16/376, nos. 8 and 8/1.

29. Ibid., SP/338, no. 33; SP 16/356, no. 29; Cal. S.P. Dom. 1636–1637, pp. 370, 458.

30. The Harleian Miscellany, vol. x, 1813, p. 448.

31. Cal. S.P. Dom. 1636–1637, p. 531; 1637, pp. 113, 245.

32. P.R.O., SP 16/341, no. 134/1; SP 16/376, no. 8/1.

33. Ibid., SP 16/376, nos. 8 and 8/1.

34. Turnbull, loc. cit.; G. H. Turnbull, Hartlib, Dury and Comenius, 1947, p. 59.

35. Bodleian Library, MS. North C.4, f. 42.

36. P.R.O., SP 16/383, no. 17; SP 16/388, nos. 63, 64; SP16/439, no. 15; PC2/50, p. 83; Cal. S.P. Dom. 1638–1639, p. 177.

37. Kynaston, op. cit., p. 144.

38. R.B.; John Aubrey, Brief Lives, ed. A. Clark, 1898, vol. 1, p. 252.

39. The Builder, 18 Aug. 1877, pp. 832, 835.

40. M.L.R. 1877/21/84.

41. The House of Dent 1888–1938, 1938, p. 156.

42. Ibid., loc. cit.; B.O.L., Proposal Books, vol. 3; London Reports, vol. 3, p. 464; L.C.C. Minutes, 7 Feb. 1911, p. 226; G.L.C. Historic Buildings Division file 1001.

43. Charles Morgan, The House of Macmillan, 1943, p. 67; M.L.R. 1864/2/111.

44. B.O.L., Proposal Book U, no. 124a; Letters of Alexander Macmillan, ed. George A. Macmillan, 1908, pp. 145–6.

45. The Builder, 5 Sept. 1863, p. 647.

46. Morgan, op. cit., p. 100.

47. B.O.L., Proposal Book U, no. 136a; M.L.R. 1863 3 480: 1865 8 523.

48. Deeds of Frederick Warne and Co.; A. King and A. F. Stuart, The House of Warne, 1965, p. 3.

49. P. O. D.

50. B. O. L., Scrapbook, f. 80.

51. W. P. L., H. 138, drawing by Emslie of Nos. 17–19 Bedford Street, 1880.

52. General Post Office file, Post 30/21218; The Building News, 9 Nov. 1883, p. 745.

53. M. L. R. 1886/17/240.

54. The Building News, 9 Nov. 1883, p. 745.

55. E/BER, plans list 4, no. 4.

56. General Post Office file, Post 30/21218.

57. B.O.L., Annual Report, 1880, vol. 2, p. 2.

58. General Post Office files, Post 30/21218, 35/206.

59. Civil Service List 1882, 1883.

60. Ibid., loc. cit.; General Post Office file, Post 30/21218; R.I.B.A. Journal, New Series, vol. IX, 1892–3, p. 68.

61. The Building News, loc. cit.; The Builder, 20 Oct. 1883, p. 535.

62. R.I.B.A. Journal, loc. cit.; A. E. Richardson, Monumental Classic Architecture in Great Britain and Ireland . . . [1914], p. 108 and fig. 131.

63. R. B.; M.L.R. 1876/29/95; G.L.R.O.(L), M.B.W. 1651, District Surveyors' Returns, Holborn and E. Strand no. 156.

64. R.B.; M.L.R. 1862/7/681; The Builder, 28 Jan. 1865, p. 63.

65. B.O.L., Proposal Book U, no. 32a.

66. Ibid., Proposal Book W, no. 105a; M.L.R. 1872/17/921–2, 1873/12/175; R.B.

67. M.L.R. 1885/14/659; The Builder, 31 Oct. 1885, p. 628; P.O.D.; date on building.

68. B.A. 38541; date on building.

69. E/BER, Chandos Street leases of June 1666–June 1673 to Carpenter, Bromfeild, Taylor, Cooke and Rider; Lacy's map.

70. Ibid., Bedford Court, leases of 10 July and 3 Sept. 1688 to W. Beech and N. Spelden respectively.

71. Ibid., Rental, Bedford Court, 1726.

72. G.L.C. collection of prints and drawings.

73. London County Council, The Housing Question in Londen 1855–1900, 1901, pp. 126–30.

74. B.O.L., Muniment Register II, pp. 1010–11, D, bundle 4, nos. 3, 8.

75. The Builder, 2. Nov. 1844, p. 554.

76. Guildford Museum and Muniment Room, 97/13/900–1.

77. D.N.B.; G.E.C.

78. E/BER, Chandos Street leases, passim; R.B.

79. M.L.R. 1738/4/496–506; 1738/5/25–6; 1739/3/337; R.B.

80. E/BER, plans lists 4 (no. 8) and 5; The Builder, 2 July 1904, p. 13.

81. B.O.L., Proposal Book V, no. 66a; M.L.R. 1867/30/710; The Builder, 22 July 1865, P.529; R.B.; P.O.D.

CHAPTER XII (pp. 266–70)

The Bedford Estate outside the Parish of St. Paul

1. P.P., Report from the Select Committee of the House of Commons on Town Holdings, 1887, vol. XIII, p. 575.

2. E/BER, St. Martin's Lane, lease of 1 April 1598 to W. Dawson.

3. Hatfield House, Cecil Family and Estate Papers, deed 214/11.

4. Ibid., accounts 9/8.

5. Ibid., general 3/15.

6. Ibid., accounts 160/1.

7. E/BER, Surveys, 1627, 1635.

8. Ibid., Survey, 1627.

9. Ibid., Survey, 1635.

10. Ibid., plan, 1771; B.O.L., Muniment Register II, pp. 1019–21, D, bundle 10, nos. 4–20.

11. P.R.O., PC2/46. p. 284.

12. Ibid., SP16/344, no. 109.

13. Ibid., PC2/49, P. 49.

14. London County Council, The Housing Question in London 1855–1900, 1901. pp. 126–30.

15. E/BER, Long Acre, leases of 16 March [? 1615] to R. Boys, 17 Feb. 1616/17 to H. Anslow and 26 Nov. 1618 to Sir H. Fane.

16. Ibid., Rental, 1618; Muniments of Title, Middlesex, E, no. 5.

17. Hatfield House, Cecil Family and Estate Papers, legal 189/1.

18. E/BER, James Street, lease of 4 May 1632 to R. Scawen; Long Acre, leases of 27 May 1631 to W. Chapman, 9 Aug. 1633 to J. Reade and 18 Oct. 1633 to S. Shelton.

19. Ibid., James Street, lease of 4 May 1632 to R. Scawen; King Street, lease of 10 July 1633 to M. Aubert.

20. Ibid., plan, 1771; B.O.L., Muniment Register II, pp. 1015–16, D, bundle 8, nos. 2, 3, 5.

21. Cal. S.P. Dom. 1634–5, p. 488; 1635, p. 60.

22. P.R.O., SP 16/400, no. 100; C8 84/53.

23. Ibid., SP 16/400, no. 100; SP16/410, no. 132.

24. Ibid., C8/84/53; C9/12/77.

25. E/BER, Solicitors' Papers, Hilary 15 Car. I.

26. P.R.O., C6/5/171.

27. Ibid., C8/84/53; C6/148/5; E/BER, Survey, 1635; B.O.L., Muniment Register II, p. 1016, D, bundle 8, no. 3.

28. E/BER, Long Acre, deed poll, Jan. 1623/4.

29. B.O.L., Muniment Register II, pp. 1016–17, nos. 6–12.

30. P.R.O., C10/281/47.

31. E/BER, Long Acre, lease of 1 Nov. 1664 to Lady St. John.

32. Bedfordshire Record Office, Russell Papers, R.1521, R.1593.

33. E/BER, Muniments of Title, Middlesex, D, bundle 8, no. 2.

34. Ibid., Long Acre, leases of 1 April 1675 to J. Barnes, 20 Dec. 1675 to T. Apthorp, 3 July 1683 to R. Wood, 18 June 1684 to M. Fiske.

35. English Place-Name Society, vol. XVIII. The Place-Names of Middlesex, 1942, p. 166.

36. Westminster Abbey, Muniment 17086.

37. P.R.O., C66/845.

38. Ibid., C54/302, m. 3d; C66/845; Westminster Abbey, Register 1, f. 56b.

39. A Survey of London by John Stow, ed. C. L. Kingsford, vol. 11, 1908, p. 98.

40. E/BER, Rental, 1618.

41. Ibid., Survey, 1635; Drury Lane, leases of 13 Dec. 1614 to Sir W. Slyngisbye, 1 June 1652 to Sir R. Kinge.

42. Brasenose College, Oxford, Muniments, London b2, deed of 22 Feb. 1549/50.

43. E/BER, Muniments of Title, Middlesex, B, bundle 6, no. 1.

44. Ibid., Brydges Street, lease of 14 June 1635 to J. Hargrave.

45. Ibid., Rentals, 1618, 1637.

46. M. Dorothy George, London Life in the Eighteenth Century, 1925. p. 83.

47. Charles Booth, Labour and Life of the People, Appendix to vol. 11, 1891, pp. I, 19.

48. E/BER, Muniments of Title, Mddlesex, E, no.I.

49. Ibid., Estate Plan, 1795.

50. Ibid., Rental, 1595.

APPENDIX IV (p. 322)

The dating of two plays set in Covent Garden

1. For a discussion of these plays and their dates see F. G. Fleay, A Biographical Chronicle of the English Drama 1559–1642, 1891, vol. 1, pp. 37–8, vol. 11, p. 119; Richard H. Perkin son, 'Topographical Comedy in the Seven teenth Century' in E. L. H., A Journal of English Literary History, Baltimore, vol. 3, 1936, pp. 270–90; G. E. Bentley, The Jacobean and Caroline Stage, 1956, vol. 111, pp. 49–92, vol. IV, pp. 927–44.

2. A Transcript of the Registers of the Company of Stationers, 1554–1640, ed. Edward Arber, 1877, vol. IV, p. 393.

3. B.M., pressmark 644 b 81.

4. A Transcipt, ut supra, p. 491.

5. Richard Brome, Five New Playes, 1659 (B.M., pressmark 162 c 21).

6. R. Steele, Tudor and Stuart Proclamations, vol. 1, 1910, no. 1647.

7. E.g., B.M., Egerton MS. 2716, letter 13 Nov. 1632; The Court and Times of Charles the First, 1840, vol. 11, pp. 218, 224–5; H.M.C., Var. Coll.. vol. VII, 1914 (MSS. of Sir Hervey Bruce), p. 402.

8. Guildhall Library, MS. 5667/1, p. 73.

9. P.R.O., SP 16/254, no. 22; R.B.

10. F. G. Fleay, G. E. Bentley, opera cit.; C. E. Andrews, Richard Brome, Yale Studies in English, no. 46, 1913.

11. Richard H. Perkinson, op. cit.

12. S. R. Gardiner, History of England, 1883–4, vol. VIII, pp. 71–6; H. R. Trevor-Roper, Archbishop Laud, 1962 ed., pp. 221–2.

13. S. R. Gardiner, op. cit., vol. VII, pp. 319–21.