Index of subjects

Account, action of, 198–9

Acquittance, alleged to be a forgery, 122

Acquittances, 30, 62, 72, 88

Admirals, of the North and West, 85 n. 1

Adulterine Bread, meaning of, 97 n. 3

Affrays, with the servants of the King's Chancellor, 94, 94–5; between the fishmongers and goldsmiths, 103–4, 106, 107; in Cheap and Lad Lane, 110; in St Paul's Churchyard, 110, 111; between the fishmongers and skinners, xxviii–xxix, 1223, 126–9; at the Tower, 136 n. 1; outside the King's Treasurer's house in Aldermanbury, 139; on the mariners of the galleys in the Thames, 146; with the retinue of the Earl of Derby, 154–5, 206–7; in Queenhithe Ward, 161; between the followers of Sir Robert de Bilkemore and Thomas de la Ryver, ibid.; in Holborn, caused by Chancery clerks, 183–4; with the watch of Cripplegate Ward, 192; with the watch of Vintry Ward, 193; and robbery in the Parish of St Bartholomew the Less, 196–7; among the disorderly houses near Fleet Bridge and Seacoal Lane, 212–13; in the Close of the Austin Friars, 218; on London Bridge, 233; in St Hilary's Lane, 236; on Cornhill, 250–1

Aids, collection of, in the City, 23; for the war in Scotland, 91 n. 1; to the King, 139–40, 141

Alderman, imprisonment for disrespect to, 162, 197
-, — of the Hanse Merchants, 151, 213

Aldermen, Court of, ix; their jurisdiction in orphanage, 123 n. 1

Almaine, merchants of, 151, 213, 217; see Hanse

Appeal of Felony, xi, xi n. 2, 50

Apprentices, female, 274; Fusters charged with refusing to take, 238–9; of the King's Bench, 213; proclamation relating to, 16

Apprenticeship, actions relating to: non-enrolment, 237, 2756; leaving a master's service, 243; enticing away an apprentice, 252; arbitration between master and apprentice, 268, 278; failing to provide for an apprentice, 268–9, 275–6; misconduct of apprentice, 276

Arbalests, persons forbidden to shoot pigeons with, 36

Arbitration, between a citizen of London and a burgess of Southampton, 20; in an action de execucione testamenti, 158; between Lombards, 259; with an umpire, 267; in apprenticeship actions, 268, 278

Archdeacon's Court, 211 n. 3

Arms, writs and proclamations against carrying, 18–19, 34, 45, 154, 164; a clerk committed for carrying, 198; charge of exporting, for the use of the King's enemies, 102

Arrest, of disturbers of the peace, xii

Arrest of Goods, complaints of illegal, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 19, 20, 21, 26, 27, 33, 34, 37, 63, 87, 169, 169–70, 170, 171, 172, 179
-, — complaint against the Sheriffs for an illegal, 212
-, — of alien enemies, 165
-, — writ of, 28, 62, 64, 76; see Reprisals, Withernam

Assault, common, 43, 114, 145, 196, 205; and housebreaking, 234; indecent, 253
-, — on an Alderman, 102; on the Mayor, 127
-, — on the Bailiff of the Weavers, 130
-, — on City officers, beadles, the Watch, 33, 97–8, 137–8, 211, 241–2

Assemblies and Courts
-, Mayor, pleas before, 217, 219, 226–7, 230, 231, 241, 252
-, — Court of (Grand Court of Wardmoot), 133
-, — inquest before, 165
-, — presentment before deputy of, 33
-, — and Chamberlain, recognizance sued before, 121–2
-, — — pleas before, 123
-, — and Sheriffs, pleas before, 99, 130, 131, 137–8, 143, 158, 159,

Assemblies and Courts (contd.) 165–6, 166, 167, 173, 174, 1923, 196, 198, 204, 210–11, 212–13, 215–16, 217, 218, 220–1, 224, 225–6, 226, 232, 232–3, 234, 235, 235–6
-, Mayor and Sheriffs, Court held before, 190
-, — — inquests before, 122, 139, 146, 161, 164, 171, 192, 193, 196, 202–3, 212–13, 218, 235
-, — — — in the presence of the Coroner, 122–3, 124–6, 196–7, 205, 206–7, 212
-, — and Aldermen, legal proceedings before, 43, 69–70, 162–3, 168, 198–9, 231–2
-, — — pleas before, 95, 97, 11920, 145, 212, 213–14, 224–5, 241, 241–2, 243, 245, 245–6, 246, 251, 255, 266–7, 267–8, 268–9, 269, 270–1, 273–4, 2756, 278–9, 279
-, — — Congregations of (administrative business), 100–1, 102, 107, 110–11, 116, 120, 130, 131, 134, 134–5, 136, 143, 153, 158–9, 208, 209, 217, 234, 249–50
-, — — — (legal business), 102, 104, 105, 108, 110, 111–12, 114, 118–19, 129, 155–6, 1578, 198, 199, 201–2, 204, 252, 253, 257, 260, 271–2, 272, 273
-, — — — (administrative and legal), 106, 112, 141, 162, 250–1
-, — — — (plaints of intrusion and nuisance), 141, 142, 162, 163, 209, 216, 227, 229, 247, 252, 253, 254, 257, 260, 271, 272, 273
-, — — — (orphanage), 205–6, 208, 228
-, — Recorder and Aldermen, pleas before, 258–9, 260, 261, 261–2, 262 262–3, 263
-, — Sheriffs and Aldermen, legal proceedings before, 49–50, 94–5, 191
-, — — — pleas before, 108, 110, 113, 144, 145, 197, 198, 219, 22930, 234, 237, 238–40, 242–3
-, — — — Congregations of, 106, 108–9, 109, 112, 183–4, 184–5, 185, 194, 203, 214–15, 228–9
-, — and Aldermen, meeting of, 94
-, — — and Chamberlain, Court of, 138
-, — — and Commonalty, meetings of, 22, 26, 31, 37, 46, 69, 72–3

Assemblies and Courts (contd.) Mayor, Aldermen, Sheriffs and Commonalty, Congregations of, 107, 115
-, — — and Commoners, Congregations of, 130, 131
-, — — and Commonalty, Congregations of, 168, 177–8, 178, 180–1, 191–2, 208–9, 222–3, 257
-, — — and an "immense" Commonalty, Congregations of, 107, 120–1, 128–9, 134, 135, 135–6, 136, 140, 153–4, 154, 156, 167, 176, 194, 195, 248, 256
-, — — and a great Commonalty, Congregations of, 113, 133–4, 151, 216
-, — — and one representative from each Ward, 117–18
-, — — and two commoners from each Ward, 140
-, — — and better and wiser men from each Ward, 194

Assessments, on Religious Houses and property-owners, 100–2; to raise 1000 marks composition for the wool tax, 106, 107; for gifts to the King and Queen, 116–18; for the loan of £5000 to the King, 120–1, 203; for the raising of 2000 marks, 139–40, 141; for the repair of the pavements, 161; for fortifying the Thames, 178; for the loan of £1000 to the King, 199–201

Assisa Panis, Liber de, 5 n. 1

Assize, of Beer, 270
-, — of Bread, 5, 97
-, — — of the bakers of Tottenham, 97
-, — of Cloth of Candlewick Street, 104–5, 104 n. 2
-, — of Victuals in 1321, 235 n. 1

Assizes, of Freshforce and Nuisance, see Freshforce and Nuisance

Attorney, letter of, 264

Auditors, of the accounts of Andrew Horn, late Chamberlain, 88; of the Wardens of London Bridge and the Chamberlain, 105; of the Chamberlain, 130; of the Wardens of London Bridge, 245–6
-, — — of the toll of 1d the lb., 131

Avoirdupois, use of the term, 143 n. 2

Avowry, the offence of, 99, 99 n. 1; a charge of, 143

Bailees, actions against, for larceny, 105; for loss of goods by theft, 220–1; for detinue of goods, 233

Bakers, writs for punishment of fraudulent, xvi–xvii, 5, 5 n. 1; their Halemot, 23; proceedings against, for stealingdough, 44; to be punished for lax work, 45; must sell only in market, 23; convicted for selling short weight, 97; fined for offences against the Statute of Labourers, 226; journeymen, their conspiracy to raise wages, and ordinance thereon, 225–6

Balances, provided for grain, 5; see Measures, Pesage

Banishment, for refusing to surrender when proclaimed, 107

Barons, names of those attending at Guildhall to swear allegiance to Queen Isabella and Edward her son, 12

Barons of the Cinque Ports, attending as above, 14
-, — to put their towns in a state of defence, 92
-, — to fit out ships for protection of the coast, 93

Bench, the Common, see Common Bench

Billeting, by the King's Marshal, 17, 17 n. 1, 18

Bills of complaint, 105, 112, 1345, 135, 157, 198–9, 205, 237, 238, 268, 273–4, 278
-, — of the Staple of Westminster, 258, 258 n. 1, 261, 262, 263, 269, 279

Black Death, 164 n.1, 225 n. 2, 228 n. 1; see Pestilence, Statute of Labourers

Brabantines, letters patent certifying payments by, 168–9

Brewers, writs for punishment of dishonest, xvi—xvii, 5, 5 n. 1; to be punished for lax work, 45; and brewsters, ordinances for, 143; complaint against, for obstructing the Conduit, 143–4; threat to organise, for the raising of wages, 235; charged with enhancing the price of beer, 246

Brokers, of woad, 153; wine, 157

Bull-Baiting, meat spoilt by, 228

Bulls, seizure of Papal, relating to John de Stratford, 3–4

Butchers, to be punished for lax work, 45; order as to sales by free and foreign, 178; ordinance as to their use of the Stocks Market, 222–3; supervisors chosen to prevent enhancing of prices by, 228, to prevent forestalling and the sale of bad meat by, 249–50

Butler, the King's, 126 n. 3; see Coroner

Capias, wrongful arrest on a, 121

Capital punishment, see Death penalty

Cappers, prosecuted for dyeing worn-out furs, 213–14

Carpenters, sworn to safeguard the City's engines of war, 102; charged with intimidating foreign carpenters, 108

Carta Mercatoria, 259 n. 3

Central Criminal Court, Lord Mayor's precedence at, 48 n. 1

Chamberlain, the City, payments to orphans made before, 39; accounts of Andrew Horn, the, 88; auditors of accounts of, 88, 105, 130; Court of, 123 n. 1
-, — the King's, 126 n. 3

Champerty, 135, 135 n. 1

Chancellor, the King's, appointed after Parliament of Northampton, 1328, 79; to repay a loan to the King, 87; his instructions for the defence of the realm, 92; withdraws a writ as contrary to City liberties, 248

Chancery, the rolls of, 64; proceedings under Statute of Winchester in, 75; writs of arrest sued out in, 76; see Reprisals, Withernam

Chandlers, overseers chosen to inspect trade of, 118

Charters, of Henry III to Oxford, 7
-, — of Edward I, the Carta Mercatoria, 3; to Yarmouth, 51; to London, see City Charters

Chevisance, Chevaunce, usurious bargains called, 280–1, 281 n. 1

City of London, as a county, xi, xxiv; taken into the King's hand, xx; political movements in, xxiii–xxix; a leader for municipal freedom, xxxvi
-, — "a mirror to all England," 15; "the King's Chamber," 77; the "mirror and exemplar of the whole realm," 107

City of London, scheme for safeguarding, 128, 129
-, — measures for defence of, 1767.
-, — its justice impugned, 253

City Charters, of Henry 1, 48 n. 1; of 1319, 2 n. 1; first charter of Edward III, 48 n. 1

City Contingents, 50 arbalesters demanded for service against the Castle of Wallingford in 1323, 1; 140 foot-soldiers in 1324, 7, 7 n. 1; 100 horsemen and 100 foot-soldiers in 1327, 22, 28, 41; a like number in 1334, 91; 40 men-at-arms in 1338, 170, 190; 283 men-atarms in 1340, 132–3; 80 archers in 1345, 221–2; not to be drawn into precedent, 91, 170

City Customs, made into Statute Law, x; writs contrary to, not returned, xix; of proving and executing wills, 7–8

City Liberties, freedom from toll and custom throughout England, 9, 21, 26, 27, 86, 87, 169; see Arrest of goods
-, — to take withernam from coburgesses of defaulting debtors, 6, 6 n. 1, 7
-, — to hold courts for London citizens at Fairs, 66
-, — to receive fines for offences against Assizes of Weights and Measures, 67
-, — a Royal Commission at Guildhall contrary to, 134, 134 n. 1
-, — committee to sue out writs for allowance of, 136
-, — freemen not to be sued in other than City Courts, 152
-, — a writ of error prejudicial to, 158–9
-, — suing in Court Christian contrary to, 159, 159 n. 2
-, — appeals in error to be heard at St Martin-le-Grand, 247–8
-, — jurisdiction in actions arising in the City, 258, 258 n. 1; see Staple of Westminster
-, — writ obtained against, 2

Clerks, trial of criminous, 49–50, 49 n. 1

"Cloth", as a unit of measure, 147 n. 3

Cloth, Assize of, 205
-, — examined by six viewers, 277; see Weavers, Weaving

Cocket, letters patent sealed with the, 32

Collectors, 30 n.1, 32, 100–1, 130, 140, 146, 156, 244, 256; persons punished for hindering, 23; goods of defaulters seized by, 243–4

Commissions, to press ships into the King's service, 91
-, — to enlist and command defensive forces, 92
-, — to hold a council for the Marches of Wales, 93
-, — to hold an inquiry on the misdeeds of the King's ministers, 133–4
-, — of Error at St Martin-le-Grand, 247, 247 n. 1
-, — to hold a Court at St Botolph's Fair, 66, 88
-, — — at St Giles' Fair, 67, 89

Common Bench, City's requests for its return to Westminster, 25, 25 n. 1, 29, 30, 71
-, — action for the recovery of a ship in, 20
-, — pleas of foreign warranty in, 39, 39 n. 1

Common Council, to be elected from the misteries in 1326, 15
-, — representatives of the Drapers in, 267

Common Cryer, 85, 85 n. 1, 178, 178 n. 2; see Mace-bearer and Common Serjeant-at-arms

Common Pleader, 2 n. 1

Common Serjeant, his office and duties, 85 n. 1; as messenger of the Mayor and Commonalty, 167, 216; guardian of orphans, 162–3, 206; public prosecutor, 143, 144, 166, 185, 190, 216, 233

Common Serjeant-at-Arms, 85, 85 n. 1, 178, 178 n. 2

Commonalty, ordinances to be approved by, 15; thanked for holding the City and the Tower, 42; prosecutions by, 143, 166, 205, 219, 242–3; Mayor and Aldermen consult the, 202; see Assemblies

"Commonalty Of The Land", prosecution by, 238

Compurgators, see Law, wager of

Confederacies, xiv, xxii; writ against, 44

Confederacy, unlawful, of the journeymen bakers to raise wages, 225–6; journeymen brewers, 235; carpenters, 108; cordwainers to enhance prices, 229; journeymen cordwainers to raise wages, 231–2; fusters to enhance prices and restrict apprenticeship, 238–40; foreign and native pouchmakers to sell false goods, 40; Flemish weavers to raise wages, 248–9

Conspiracies, xv; to be reported to the Mayor, Aldermen and Sheriffs, 189

Constable of the Tower, presentation of the newly-elected Mayor to, 73

Constabulary, men-at-arms to be enrolled in, 102

Contingents, see City Contingents

Cooks, to be punished for lax work, 45; give evidence on condition of meat, 251

Cordwainers, their confederacy to enhance prices, 229; charge curriers with raising prices, 230; journeymen charged with conspiring against their masters, 231; dispute with the Saddlers, 246

Corn, export of, regulated, 207
-, — markets, 115, 198

Cornmongers, to be punished for lax work, 45

Coronation Stone, Sheriffs ordered to take it to Queen Isabella, 63; their return to the writ, 65

Coroner, history and duties of, 126 n. 3
-, — inquests of affrays before the Mayor, Sheriffs and, 122–3, 124–6, 196
-, — — before Sheriffs and, 126–8
-, — the King's, threatened, 272
-, — Rolls of, 122 n. 2

Corrody, meaning of, 204 n. 1

Council, the King's, City merchants not consulted before, 32; dispute between Great and Little Yarmouth to be settled in, 38; Ordinance of the Staple issued by, 43 n. 1; petition to be brought before, 51; independent of the people's advice, 56; composes differences between magnates, 57; answer of the merchants to, 58; Hainaulters sued before, 64; the King's Common Council, ibid.; claims against Flemings to be laid before, 65; City deputation before, 74; negotiates with Flemings, 76; at Warwick and Worcester, 79; at Winchester, 80; summoned to London for defence of the realm, 92–3; Mayor and Aldermen appear before, 100 n. 1; at the Carmelite Friars, 120; committee to treat with, concerning provision of ships, 140; orders restoration of captured Spanish goods, 147; claim for restoration of wine before, 165; scheme for safeguarding the City submitted to, 189; at the Tower, 190; their opinion taken in the dispute between English and Flemish weavers, 249

Council, of York, 54; of merchants at Northampton in 1337, 146 n. 1

Counterfeit Metal, charge of using, 61, 242–3

Court Christian, charges of impleading in, 159–60, 211

Courtesy of England, 206

Covins, forbidden, 34

Crafts, see Misteries

Crown, pleas of the, xii, 126 n. 3

Curfew, taverns not to remain open after, 154; none to wander in the City after, 163

Curriers, prosecuted for enhancing prices, 229, 234, 236; Seld of the, 234

Custom, on salt at Queen Hithe, 19, 33, 37; on wool in the Port of London, 32, 146; at Southampton, 67; the King's receiver of, at Bordeaux, 76–7; unjust taking of, at Billingsgate, 96; "barbecage" at Southampton, 171; on cloth, 172; tariff of, kept at Guildhall, 217

Custos Pacis, xiii; Mayor as, xv

Cutlers, alleged to plate tin with silver, 61
-, — overseers appointed to prevent false work by, 218

Damages, actions for, for maliciously firing straw, 193; for conveying property with an insufficient title, 260
-, — not given in actions of debt in the Chamber or Husting, 23

Death Penalty, City authorities inflict, in 1265, xiii–xiv

Death penalty, Mayor and Aldermen authorised to inflict, xxviii
-, — for causing an affray, xxix, 128; for infractions of the peace, 154, 189; on thieves taken with the "mainour," 49, 50, 109, 128 n. 1

Debt, actions of, 113, 131, 217, 258–9, 261, 262, 263, 267; for brokerage on wine, 157; writ of protection stays execution of, 184; levied on a moiety of lands and tenements, 23, 1389, 142; execution of, not made on lands in tail, 227; incurred jointly, custom as to, 280 n. 2

Deceit, charges of, obtaining money from the Mayor by a counterfeit letter, 137; for counterfeiting gold and silver, 168; escaping payment of pesage by a trick, 174; failing to plead for a client, 218; pretending to be the Prince's purveyor, 251

Decisory Oath, by defendant with plaintiff's permission, 119–20, 120 n. 1; see Law, wager of

Defamation, actions of, for approbrious words against a brotherAlderman, 69–70; for imputing unfairness to assessors and collectors, 114, 118–19; for words spoken at a meeting in Guildhall, 135; for imputing extortion to an ex-Mayor, 270

Detinue, action of, 270–1

Devise, of tenements jointly purchased, 52

Disorderly Houses, brothels, presentments for keeping, 109, 124–6, 167, 188–9; writ against, xvii

Disorderly Persons, disturbers of the peace, ordinance for punishment of, xvii, 5; committed to Newgate, 168, 191; presentment of, 109, 124–6, 188, 196, 212–13; resorts of, 167, 195, 212

Disrespect, charges of, to the Mayor, 103; to the ex-Mayor, 115; to the Court, 214

Distraint, actions for resisting, 121, 155
-, — method of, in the City, 153, 277, 277 n. 1

Distresses, City custom regarding, 23

Drapers, their representatives in the Common Council, 267

Dyers, a broker of woad appointed by the mistery of, 153
-, — ordinances of the Fullers and, 153, 153 n. 1
-, See Leather-dyers

Edward I, writs for punishment of fraudulent bakers and millers and nightwalkers, 5; his charter to Great Yarmouth, 51

Edward II, deposition of, xxxii; writs permitting"evechepyng" at Cheap and forbidding it at Cornhill, 1–2; demands reinstatement of John de Waldeshef, 2; his charter to London in 1319, 2 n. 2; forbids a new toll of 2s. the cask from vintners of Aquitaine, 3; orders the seizure of all letters relating to John de Stratford, Bishop of Winchester, 3–4; is petitioned to secure allowance of London liberties at Great Yarmouth, 9; to write to Lübeck for payment of debts, 10, 43; the London mob rises for Queen Isabella against, 11 n. 3, 41–2; proclamation for the preservation of his peace, 15; surrenders his Great Seal and commands that it be opened, 17; appoints commissioners of weights and measures, 24; surrenders Crown at Kenilworth, 30; his Ordinance of the Staple, 43–4; forbids exports of teasels, bure, madder, woad and fuller's earth to Flanders, 44; reported to be alive in 1328, 72 n. 2

Edward III, oaths taken at Guildhall to support, 11–12; petitioned that visiting merchants stay 40 days in other staple towns as well as London, 21; grants that military aid from London shall not be drawn into precedent, 22; summons Parliament to Lincoln, 24; petitioned to bring Exchequer and Common Bench back to Westminster, 25, 29, 30–1; petitioned to give execution of a writ of arrest, 28; demands a contingent for service against the Scots, ibid.; requires information as to the seizure of a ship, 29; commands Constable of the Tower to admit Mayor to office, 31; appoints commissioners of taxes, ibid.; suspends the Staple till Christmas 1327, 32; adopts a new Great Seal, 32–3; summons two burgesses of Great Yarmouth to treat with his Council, 38; demands a contingent for service against the Scots, 41; demands the aid of the City against Hugh le Despenser in 1326, 42; his charter to the Girdlers, 44; writs on the conservation of the peace in London, 44–6; grants Infangenthef and Outfangenthef, 48–9; orders hostilities to cease at Great Yarmouth, 51; summons a Council of merchants to York, 52–3, 56–9; confirms the Ordinance of the Staple, 59; makes peace with the Scots, 60; his charter to the Goldsmiths, 61; orders the Coronation Stone to be conveyed to the Queen-Mother, 63, 65; orders claims against Flemings to be submitted to his Council, 65; demands information as to the visit of the Bishop of Winchester and Thomas de Wake to Guildhall, 68–9; agrees to the return of the Common Bench and Exchequer, 71; adjourns the Parliament of Salisbury, 72; orders the Sheriffs to search for the Abbot of St Edmunds, 73; is displeased because Londoners had gone armed to Winchester, 73–4; writ concerning a robbery in Cambridgeshire, 75; justifies his actions against Henry, Earl of Lancaster 77–83; is assured of the City's loyalty, 83–4; is begged by the Archbishop of Canterbury to cease from his preparations against Henry, Earl of Lancaster, 84; similar letter from the City, 85; promises an amnesty to those of Lancaster's party who submit, 86; obtains a contingent for service against the Scots in 1334, 91; issues a commission to press ships for the war, ibid.; sends instructions for the defence of the realm to the Council in London, 92–3; summons the Mayor, Sheriff and Aldermen to consult, 94; orders that the City be put in a posture of defence, 100; receives a present from the City, 116; obtains a loan of £5000 from the City, 120; orders that £1500 be paid direct to Jacob de Artfeld, ibid.; the civic authorities undertake to safeguard the City for, 128; obtains ships and men-atarms from the City, 132–3; orders a commission on the misdeeds of his ministers to sit at Guildhall, 134; sends the Itinerant Justices to sit at the Tower, ibid.; demands 26 ships for the war, 140; writ for the repair of Fleet Bridge, 144; forbids the exportation of wool, 146; orders captured goods to be restored to Spanish merchants, 147; writ on behalf of the Hanse merchants, 151; compensates a merchant of Primerole, 165; receives a contingent and grants a warranty against precedent, 170, 190; schedule of goods purchased for his use, 175; summons the Mayor and Aldermen to Westminster to prepare a scheme for guarding the City, 189; demands a loan of £2000, 199–200; orders an inquiry as to the property of Sir John de Molyns, his late minister, 202–3; restricts export of victuals, 207; obtains a contingent of archers for the Creçy campaign, 221; his Ordinance as to Labourers, 225 n. 2; orders restoration of goods to his late Master of the Mint, 274; permits the release of certain persons who had been imprisoned for attempting to obtain an interview with him, 276; appoints a commission to prevent usurious bargains, 280 n. 1

Edward III, Lionel, third son of, 153, 153 n. 2

Edward IV, charter of, to the City, appointing Justices of the Peace, xxxii

Elections, of the Common Council by the misteries, 15, 15 n.1, 267
-, — of the Mayor, 72–3, 115
-, — of the Sheriffs, 31 n. 1, 69, 95, 129 See Parliament

Embezzlement, charge of, 144

Equity, awards in, viii–ix
-, — Mayor's Court ordered to settle an action by, 279

Error, writ of, 158–9, 247–8, 247 n. 1

Escheat, of land in the City, 260

Escheator, the Mayor as King's, 150, 181, 182, 186, 187

Essoins, the Roll of, 39

"Evechepyng", on Cornhill and Cheapside, 1–3

Exchange, of land with the City authorities, 157

Exchequer, City's request for its return to Westminster, 25, 25 n. 1, 29, 30, 71; Mayor and Sheriffs admitted to office by Barons of, 31; Barons of, 87; fines paid into, 245, 250

Execucione Testamenti, action de, 157, 157 n. 1

Executors, actions by, 123, 142, 224, 228, 263; sued for payment of legacies, 113, 266; conveyances by separate, 255

Exportation, of corn and victuals regulated, 207; of gold and silver plate forbidden, 61; of wool to hostile countries forbidden, 146, 146 n. 1

Exports, of wool, 21, 47, 174; teasels, bure, woad and fuller's earth, 44; corn, 160; wheat, peas and beans, 207; corn and beans, 208

Fairs, Bury St Edmunds, 48; St Botolph's, 66, 88, 90; St Giles's, 24, 67, 89
-, — City's right to hold courts at, 66 n. 2

False Imprisonment, action of, 224

Felons, private citizens responsible for arrest of, 164

Felons' Chattels, 48–9

Felony, Ward jurors to certify persons indicted of, 156
-, — of less than 12½d not punishable by death, 50

Feoffments, made on the property conveyed, 114

Fishmongers, complain of interference at Great Yarmouth, 37; to be punished for lax work, 45; affray with the Goldsmiths, 103–4, 105, 106, 107; affray with the Skinners, xxviii–xxix, 122–3, 126–9; overseers appointed for, 250

Flemings, merchants, 131
-, — weavers, 248–9, 248 n. 1

Flour, adulteration of, 5

Foreign Attachment, 24 para. 2, 275, 275 n. 1; of boarding-fees from Brabantines, 169

"Foreign Bought and Sold", prosecutions for, 197, 212

Foreign Warrantors, custom relating to, 39, 39 n. 1

Foreigners, forbidden to trade with each other, 23; employment of, 39–40; sell false pouches retail, 40; forbidden to sell mercery retail, 135; lodging-house keepers, 214; poulterers, 250

Forestalling, of paving stones, 139; meat and cattle, 143, 144, 219–20, 242, 252; oysters, 145; corn, 166, 219–20, 266; salt, 240; poultry, 203, 203 n. 1, 232, 233; tannery and tiles, 232–3; malt, 219–20, 245

Forgery, of a deed of acquittance, 97; of the seal of the Earl of Salisbury, 137

France, envoys from, at the Parliament of York, 57; see Edward I

Franchises, City, see City Liberties
-, — of Amiens, Nesle and Corbie in London, 95, 96, 96 n. 2

Freedom, certificate of, 27
-, — forfeited for suing in other than City Courts, 152; for intimidating compurgators, 210

French Merchants, seizure of goods of, 5, 6

Freshforce, the Assize of, in London, 141 n. 1; inquiries from Oxford as to City procedure in, 169, 169 n. 2; see Intrusion

Fullers and Dyers, Wardens sworn to enforce the Ordinances of the, 153

Furs, furbishing of, 213

Fusters, their agreement with the Saddlers, Painters and Loriners, 41; charged with forming a confederacy to enhance prices, 238–40

Gallows, the King's, at Tyburn, 49

Gambling, persons charged with, 113

Gaol Delivery, Justices of, xii, xvi, xxiii, xxiv–xxv, xxvi
-, — Mayor nominated Justice of, 48 n. 1, 74–5, 128 n. 2

Gascony, expedition to, 7, 7 n. 1; prices of wine of, 152

Gates, men assigned to guard Aldgate and Bishopsgate, 102; Ludgate, 179; scheme for guarding, 189; custody and keys of, 190

Gifts, for the war in Scotland, 91 n. 1; to the King, Queen and other magnates, 116–18; to the King, 136, 139–40, 141, 194, 195; to William de Montacute, Earl of Salisbury, 130; to the King's sons living in the Tower, 131; to Lionel, third son of the King, on his marriage, 153–4; to the Earl of Derby, 155

Girdlers, Charter of Edward III to, 39, 44

Goldsmiths, first Charter of, 61; their affray with the Fishmongers, 103–4; prosecution by the Wardens of the mistery of, 242–3; a jury of, 243

Grand Assize, in the Husting, 261 n. 2; see Writ of Right Patent

Grant, of goods and chattels, 215

Gravel, prices of, 236, 236 n. 2

Great Seal, surrender of, by Edward II, 17–18; adoption of a new, 32

Guildhall, Inner Chamber of, ix, 69; Outer or "Utter" Chamber of, ix

Halemot, of the Bakers, 23

Hanse, Alderman of the, 151, 213; Court of the merchants of, 151, 151 n. 1, 213

Henry I, Charter of, granting withernam to citizens of London, 6 n. 1

Henry II, Charter of, forbids forcible billeting, 17

Herrings, carried from Yarmouth in carts, 35; cured, for London, 86

Hosiers, the mistery of, 197

Hucksters, forbidden to sell beer, 253 n. 1, 265

Hue and Cry, 46, 98, 110, 114, 201

Hundred Years' War, 25 n. 1

Hundreds, their liability for unpunished robberies, 75, 77; see Statute of Winchester

Husting, arraignment in, for exporting gold and silver, 62; enrolment of deeds in, 176; judgments for defamation and intimidating compurgators to be given in, 135, 210; prisoners for assault released in, 277
-, — suitors of, viii

Husting of Common Pleas, action (by writ) of assault in, 43; writs read in, 44–6; action for hindering execution of a will in, 46; letters considered in, 96, 98; a fine paid in, 145; de execucione testamenti in, 157, 157 n. 1, 158; order for demolition of a house by, 195

Husting of Pleas of Land, foreign warrantors in, 39 n. 1; complaint against the brewers in, 143–4; the Grand Assize in, 261 n. 2

Imports, millstones, 6; salt, 8, 240; wine, 25; stockfish, heavy goods and armour, 27; salmon, leather and tallow, 90; ginger and pepper, 143; cloth, 147; iron, 149

Infangenthef and Outfangenthef, xxvi, 48, 48 n. 1, 49, 106, 109, 128 n. 1
-, — Deliveries of, 49–50

Innkeepers, to warn their guests against carrying arms, 154; not to receive evildoers, 156; to be responsible for their guests, 164; their liability for goods entrusted to them, 220–1, 233; see Taverners

Inquests, on disturbances of the peace, xiii, xv–xvi, xvii, xviii, xx–xxi, xxii, xxiii, xxiv
-, — on affrays, 126 n. 3; see Affrays
-, — on the seizure of Wallingford Castle, 1 n. 1; boatmen ferrying disorderly characters over the Thames, 111; nightwalkers and disturbers of the peace, 111–12, 124–6; forestallers, 160, 235; responsibility for the upkeep of Fleet Bridge, 144; seizure of an enemy alien's wines, 165; date of death, 171; debts of a Genoese merchant, 173; goods of Sir John de Molyns, 202

Inquisitions, ad Quod Damnum , as to proposed gifts by John de Pulteneye, 150–1; Walter de Fulbourne, 181–2; William Elsyng, 182–3, 187
-, — post Mortem, on estates of Thomas de Brotherton, Earl Marshal, 174–5, 181; Edmund Cheyne, 186–7; Sarah, daughter of John Arnys, 260

Intimidation, of foreign carpenters by denizens, to prevent undercutting of wages, 108

Intrusion, plaints of, 141, 162, 163, 227, 252, 253, 254, 257, 260, 271, 273; see Freshforce

Invasion, fears of foreign, 92–3

Iron, inventory of, 149; prices of, 215

Itinerant Justices, xi, xx, xxiv
-, — their sessions at the Tower in 1244, 19 n. 1, 34
-, — in 1321, 2, 201–2, 204 n. 2, 235 n. 1
-, — in 1341, 134, 136, 137, 195

John, the Great Charter of, 24 n. 1

Jurisdiction, profits of, claimed by the City, 2; over citizens, 152; over citizens visiting fairs, 66, 67, 88, 89, 90; in equity, 279

Jury, charges of. intimidating a, 157–8, 267; defaming a, 190, 235, 236
-, — a juror denies that he was bribed, 267
-, — of goldsmiths, 243; of Lombards and citizens, 259, 259 n. 2, 263; of persons present in court when an assault took place, 210; of pewterers, 264

Justices Of The Peace, 271 n. 1; see Peace, and Introduction

Kidels, punishment for fishing with, 99
-, — burnt in Cheap, 99

King's Bench, action under the Statute of Winchester in, 75
-, — presentment against apprentices of, 213

King's Chamber, the City described as, 77

King's Justices, names of those attending at Guildhall to swear allegiance to Queen Isabella and Edward her son, 13

King's "Places", 15, 69, 70, 73; see Exchequer, Common Bench

Knights, names of those attending Guildhall to swear allegiance to Queen Isabella and Edward her son, 12

Knuckle-Bones, persons charged with gambling with, 113

Labourers, Statute of, see Statutes

Law Merchant, as to purchases by partners, 263

Law, Wager Of, in felony, xi
-, — with the single hand, 119–20, 120 n. 1
-, — with six kinsmen, 17 n. 1
-, — with the seventh hand, 210, 210 n. 1
-, — with the sixth and fiftieth hand, 69–70, 70 n. 1
-, — cannot be withdrawn, 261–2
-, — not admissible against a bond, 263
-, — charge of intimidating oathhelpers, 210

Leather-Dyers, forbidden to dye sheep-leather in imitation of roe-leather, 40

"Legends Of The Saints", a book written in English called, 145

Leopard's Head, the stamp of the, 61

Letters to and from the authorities of other towns: Amiens, 95, 96; Bedford, 55; Berwick-onTweed, 89, 90, 91; Bordeaux, 77; Boulogne, 21, 47, 48, 56; Bristol, 52; Bruges, 10, 64, 89, 214–15; Bury St Edmunds, 35, 91; Calais, 21, 47, 56, 60; Cambridge, 71; Canterbury, 19; Cinque Ports, 37; Coventry, 173; Crotoy, le and Mayoc, 24, 29; Dover, 3, 4; Drogheda, 172; Duclair, 56; Faversham, 4; Fordwich, 166; Ghent, 131, 214; Gravesend, 151, 170; Hampton, 172; Henley, 62, 63; Kidwelly, 170–1; Leicester, 112; Louvain, 10; Lübeck, 10; Lynn, 166; Newcastle-onTyne, 8; Northampton, 5; Orford, 172; Oxford, 7, 8, 23, 52, 65, 180; Rochelle, La, 25; Rouen, 56; Rye, 21, 26; Sandwich, 5, 19, 20, 26, 28, 90, 166, 179; Sluys, 10; Southampton, 20, 169, 171, 179; Standon, 169; Winchelsea, 5, 19, 21, 26, 33, 34, 36, 37, 38, 47, 48, 171; Wissant, Whitesand, etc., 21, 47, 56, 60; Yarmouth, Great, 35, 38, 171, 172, 173, 179, 180; York, 54, 59, 168

Letters, to Edward II, 3–4, 5, 8–9, 9, 10, 43; from —, 43, 44
-, — to Queen Isabella, 21, 29, 42, 42–3, 59, 70, 74, 87; from —, 41–2, 42, 61
-, — to Edward III, 21, 28, 29, 32, 41, 60, 62, 64, 68–9, 70, 73, 83–4, 85, 87, 91, 170; from —, 25, 30–1, 61, 77–83, 85–6, 94, 178, 199
-, — from Queen Philippa, 216
-, — from Jacob de Artefeld, 214–15; to Sir Hugh de Audele, 63, 87; from —, 63; to Robert Baret, steward of the Countess of Ulster, 179; to Matthew de Bassingbourn, Sheriff of Cambridge, 65; to Henry de Berghersh, Burghersh, Bishop of Lincoln, King's Chancellor, 29, 67; to Richard de Betoyne, 54, 59; from —, 57–8; to Thomas de Brotherton, Earl of Norfolk, Earl Marshal, 30, 68; to Richard de Bynteworth, Bishop-elect of London, 170; to the Chancellor, ibid.; from John de Claxton, Undersheriff of Cambridge, 77; to Henry de Cobeham, Constable of Rochester Castle, 6; to Robert de Ely, 36; to Sir Henry de Ferrers, 170; to the Count of Flanders, 76; from John de Grantham, 56; to Stephen de Gravesend, Bishop of London, 36, 55; from —, 38, 59; to the Count of Hainault, 64, 67, 76, 89; from —, 76; to John de Haustede, Seneschal of Gascony, 77; to the Bishop of Hereford, 68; to John de Hotham, Bishop of Ely, Chancellor, 21, 26–7, 27, 30, 48, 71; to Robert de Kendale, Constable of Dover, 6; to Henry, Earl of Lancaster, 30; from —, 72; to William de Melton, Bishop of York, 68; to Simon de Mepeham, Meopham, Archbishop of Canterbury, 70–1; from —, to the King, 84; to the Prior of Merton, 34; to Roger de Mortimer, Earl of March, 30, 87; to Sir Hugh de Neville, 70, 86, 87, 88; from —, 71, 86, 89; to Walter de Norwich, Chief Baron of the Exchequer, 60, 71; to Henry, Lord of Poland, Stralsund and Rostock, 9; from William Prodhomme, 34–5; to the Prior of Royston, 169; to the President of the Abbey of St Edmunds, 47–8; to the Sacristan —, 91; to Geoffrey le Scrope, King's Justice, 60, 71, 170; to Eymer la Souche, Sheriff of Cambridge, 71, 76; to Richard Sperling, 181; to John Stormy, Lestormy, 7; to John de Warenne, Earl of Surrey, 30, 68; to Sir John de Weston, Constable of Bordeaux Castle, 76; to the Constable of Windsor Castle, 86; to Edmund of Woodstock, Earl of Kent, 30

Letters, to the Sheriffs of Essex, Hertford, Surrey, Sussex, Kent and Middlesex, 37; to the Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk, 47
-, — to the Bishops of Hereford, Lincoln, Norwich, Ely and London, the Earl Marshal and the Count of Warenne, 68
-, — of Credence, on behalf of Richard de Betoyne and James Beauflour, 66; Oliver de Ingham and Bartholomew de Burghersh, 68; Bennet de Fulsham and eleven leading citizens, 74
-, — Patent, of Charles, King of France, 98; of the Mayor, 168–9, 180
-, — Testimonial, 89, 166, 167
-, — enrolment of, vii

Livery, of the burgesses of York, 58
-, — cloth, purchased for the Mayor, Aldermen and Sheriffs, 105

Loans, to Edward II, £1000 from the City, 62, 72; 100 marks from John de Gisorz, Mayor, 87
-, — to Edward III, from the woolmerchants, 32, 52 n. 3; £5000 from the City in 1340, 120–1, 140, 155, 156, 194, 203; £1000 from the City in 1342, 199200

Lodging-Houses, regulations for the keeping of, 156; see Innkeepers, Taverners

London, see City of London

Lorimers, Loriners, of copper and iron, 41; their agreement with the Saddlers, Fusters and Painters, ibid.; sworn to examine counterfeit spurs, 194; of copper, restrict the number of apprentices, 238

Mace-Bearer, of the City, 178, 178 n. 2; see Common Cryer, Common Serjeant-at-arms

Maiming, Mayhem, xii, xxi

Mainour, of stolen goods, 106, 109, 128 n. 2; see Infangenthef

Mainpernors, Mainprise, ix, xiii, xv, xvi, xxi, xxiii, 94, 96, 106, 107, 109, 110, 112, 115, 119, 138–9, 143, 236, 256, 266, 274

Manslaughter, xii

Marshal, the King's, 17, 17 n. 1, 18

Mayor, assault upon, 127, 128; attempted fraud upon, 137
-, — actions for abusing and assaulting an ex-Mayor, 233; for slandering, 270
-, — deposition of Hamo de Chigwell, 75
-, — election of, 115; disputed election of, 72

Mayor of The Staple, 52 n. 3, 53, 54, 56–8; see Staple

Mayor and Aldermen, as King's justices, x

Mayoral Precepts, that Aldermen search their Wards for evildoers, 190; to summon Ward representatives, 194, 234; to select and equip archers from the Wards, 221

Mayor's Bag, a schedule deposited in, 277

Mayor's Court, lost rolls of, vii–ix, 149 n. 5

Measures, the standard, of London, 24, 24 n. 1
-, — charge of selling by false, 246

Meat, charge of selling a dish of unwholesome, 251

Menaces, demanding money by, 264

Mercers, buyers of silverware from the Goldsmiths, 61; complain of foreigners selling silks and linen retail, 134–5; assent to ordinance against "chalons" of "piggeswolle," 208

Merchants, assembly or commune of, at York, 52–3, 56–9

Military and Naval, measures for defence of London in 1323, 1; Commission to press ships of over 40 casks of wine burden into service against the Scots, 91–2; Councils for the defence of the realm in 1335, 92–3; Religious Houses and those not in scot and lot taxed for the defence of the City in 1338, 100–2; the Thames to be guarded by night and men capable of arms enrolled, 102; particulars of ships and crews furnished by the City in 1340, 131–2; twenty-six ships demanded, 140; the Earl of Derby's expedition to Brittany, 154–5, 154 n. 2; beacons to be lighted on Shooter's Hill, 167; all men in the Wards to arm themselves, 168; measures taken for the defence of the City in 1338, 176–7, 189–90; petition for exemption from military service, 179; see City Contingents

Millers, ordinance for punish ment of dishonest, 5; writ for correction of, 45

Mint, the King's, 274, 274 n. 1

Misteries, to treat with the Mayor and Aldermen on the needs of the City, 15; the Wardens of, to keep their men at work and report rebellious behaviour, 34; all men of, to work as before the Pestilence, 164

Misteries, Bakers, 23, 45, 225–6; Brewers, 45, 143, 235; Butchers, 45, 228, 249–50; Cappers, 213–14; Carpenters, 108; Chandlers, 118, 162; Cooks, 45; Cordwainer's, 229, 230, 231, 246; Cornmongers, 45; Curriers, 229–30, 234; Drapers, 267; Dyers, 153; Fishmongers, 45, 103–4, 122–3, 250; Fullers, 153; Fusters, 41, 238–40; Girdlers, 39, 44; Hosiers, 197; Lorimers, Loriners, 41, 194, of copper, 238; Mercers, 61, 134–5, 208; Millers, 45; Painters, 41, 244 n. 3; Pewterers, 264; Pouchmakers, 33, 40, 108, 159, 211; Poulterers, 249–50; Saddlers, 41, 238–40, 246; Sheathers, 39–40; Shearmen, 237; Skinners 122–3, 126–9, 197, 209, 214, 267; Smiths, 215; Stainers, 244 n. 3; Tanners, 272; Tapicers, 154, 208, 237; Vintners, 45, 235 n. 1; Waxchandlers, 162; Weavers, 97, 99, 130, 145–6, 147 n. 3, 204, 205, 248; Weavers (Flemish), 248–9; see under separate trades

Municipal Freedom, London's leadership for, xxxvi

Murage And Pavage, claim of citizens of Salisbury to be free from, 65

Murder, xxi

Nets, prosecution for fishing with "kidells," 95
-, — Assizes of, 175, 175 n. 2

Nightwalkers, see Disorderly persons

Novel Disseisin, writ of, 7–8; see Freshforce

Nuisance, Assize of, 141, 141 n. 2, 142, 209, 216, 229, 247, 252, 253, 260, 271, 272, 273
-, — — Rolls of, 141 n. 2

Oath, decisory, see Law, wager of

Oaths, taken at Guildhall to support Queen Isabella and Edward her son, 11–12
-, — imposed by Pouchmakers contrary to liberty of the City, 159–60, 211

Official, of St Bennet Fynk, 159, 211

Ordinances, punishment of Bakers, 5; Merchant-strangers, 22–3; Sheathers, 39—40; Pouchmakers, 40; government of City, 94; of Smithfield, 95 n. 1; sale of wheat, 115; fulling and dyeing, 153; against oaths, 160; "chalons of piggeswolle," 208; Cappers, 214; Stocks Market, 222–3; Bakers' journeymen, 225–6; Fusters, 239–40; Flemish Weavers, 249

Ordinary, the Bishop of London's, 49, 49 n. 1

Orphanage, jurisdiction of the Court of Aldermen in, 113 n. 1, 123 n. 1, 205 n. 1

Orphans, certificates of coming of age of, 22, 39; actions against executors on behalf of, 113, 138–9, 226, 227; prosecution for unlawfully assuming guardianship of, 205–6, 242; for carrying away goods belonging to, 228; Common Serjeant claims an estate tail for, 162–3; sureties for production in court of, 208

Oyer and Terminer, Commission of, 48 n. 1; see Introduction

Parliament, York, May 1319, 2 n. 1; York in 1322, 30 n. 1; Westminster, Jan. 1327, 11, 18; Lincoln, Sept. 1327, 25; York, Feb. 1328, 48, 51, 52–3, 56–8; Northampton, April 1328, 78; York, July 1328, 63, 79; Salisbury, Oct. 1328, 803; Westminster, Sept. 1332, 94; York, May 1335, 93; Westminster, March 1337, 146 n. 1
-, — writs and returns, 24, 25, 48, 51, 59–60, 63, 67, 70, 94
-, — invited to join the City in swearing allegiance to Queen Isabella and Edward her son, 11–14
-, — petition of Stephen Aleyn to, 27
-, — payment to representatives attending, 30
-, — City's petition that it be held at Westminster instead of Salisbury, 67, 68
-, — Court of Aldermen elects representatives of the City to, 136

Parvum Cape, explanation of, 39, 39 n. 2

Pavements, surveyors sworn to superintend repairs of, 160, 219; tolls on carts for repairing, 208, 220; assessments on rents for repairing, 220; obstructed by butchers and poulterers, 222

Peace, see Introduction: Preservation of the Peace in London, xi–xxxiii
-, — sheriffs of counties warned against disturbers of, claiming to be citizens of London, 37
-, — sworn inquiries to be held as to disturbers of, who are to be imprisoned, 44–5
-, — writ giving Mayor power to punish persons rebellious to him or his officers, 46
-, — to be kept during the Parliament of Westminster in 1332, 94
-, — persons sworn to keep the, 110

Peace, presentment of disturbers of, 124–6
-, — precedents in the City for the development of Justices of, 128, 128 n. 2
-, — Common Serjeant prosecutes for the King against disturbers of, 198
-, — Mayor and Sheriffs described as Custodes Pacis, 271

Pearls, price of, 263, 264

Pentices and Jetties, to allow room for horsemen beneath, 17

Pesage, nature of, 174 n. 1
-, — bakers and millers sue for abolition of, 5
-, — charge of escaping by a trick from payment of, 174

Pestilence, 239; see Black Death

Petitions, of London merchants trading round Yarmouth, 51
-, — of the Mayor for payment of the farm from Amiens, Nesle and Corbie, 179–80
-, — to the King's Council for exemption from military service, 179; for redress for an indecent assault, 253
-, — to the Chancellor for an equitable remedy, 279–80; to assist English merchants to recover a pirated ship, 26–7
-, — to Parliament for redress against the Abbot of Fécamp, 27
-, — to the Mayor and Aldermen for permission to enclose a lane, 46; for inquiry into an alleged abduction and robbery, 120 See Letters to the King, Chancellor, etc.

Pewterers, a jury of, 264

Pigs, action for driving away and slaughtering stray, 158
-, — fed on butchers' offal, 166

Pillory, punishment of, 44, 232, 251, 256

Pirates, Flemish, 28

Plate-Armour, covered with roeleather, 40

Pleas of the Crown, xii, 126 n. 3

Pledges, 40 casks of wine for good behaviour, 115

Political Movements, in the City, the Commonalty refuses contingent to retake Wallingford Castle, 1, suspected of complicity in Lancastrian plot, 1 n. 1; Queen Isabella demands assistance, 41 n. 4; further demand, 42; rising of the City commons and surrender of the Tower, 42; murder of Walter Stapleton, Bishop of Exeter, 14; John de Charleton's house robbed, 16; proclamation against molesting persons attending Parliament, 18; names of those attending Parliament who took the oaths at Guildhall to support Isabella and Edward her son, 11–14; letter to the Earls of Kent and Lancaster, the Bishop of Winchester andThomas Wake, 66; report of the visit of the Bishop and Wake to Guildhall to discuss affairs of state, 68–9, 79; the Earl of Lancaster informs the City of events at theParliamentof Salisbury,72; the City disavows the armed contingent which joined the Earl at Winchester, 73–4; Edward III justifies his conduct towards the Earl, and at Salisbury, 77–83; meeting of the Lancastrians at Guildhall, 83–4; letters from the Archbishop of Canterbury and the Commonalty warning the King against forcible measures, 845; the King's proclamation against the Lancastrian party, 85–6

Pouchmakers, complain of falsely made breech-girdles and pouches, 33; their Ordinances, 40; presentment of falsely made pouches by overseers of, 108; actions against, for confiscating purses and imposing an oath to enhance prices, 159, 211

Poulterers, writ concerning, 45; forestalling by, 232; overseers appointed to supervise City and foreign, 250

Preaching Friars (Black Friars), petition of the Prior of, 46

Prices, horseshoes, 175; iron, 215; leather, 230, 234, 236; nails, 175; oxen, 175; saddle-trees, 238–40; salt, 175; ship with gear and victuals, 8–9; shoes, 229, 230, 233–4; wheat, 175; wine, 237; wool, 263
-, — claim of London merchants to sell in Oxford at their own, 65
-, — enhancing of, 115, 116, 250, 253, 254, 255, 256, 270, 277; see Forestalling

Prises, forbidden in the City, 17

Proclamations, against nightwalking and carrying of arms, and for the keeping of the peace, xxv–xxvii, 15–19, 34, 86, 154, 163; for election of men from misteries to assist in making ordinances, 15; against rebellious apprentices and servants, 16; against purveyance, 17, 18; for courtesy to foreigners and those attending Parliament, 19; against foreigners trading retail, 22–3; against carrying-off the standing corn of the Bishop of London, 23; forbidding any to insult him, 36; against shooting pigeons with stonebows and arbalests, ibid.; goldsmiths and fishmongers in the late affray to surrender, 104, 107

Prosecutions, public, x–xi, xxii

Prostitutes, charges of harbouring, 173, 188; see Disorderly persons

Purveyance, 6, 17, 17 n. 1, 210–11, 241 n. 2, 251

Quarter, jury as to number of bushels in, 160

Queen's Gold, 156, 156 n. 1

Quitclaim, to the Mayor for imprisonment of a forger, 137

Receipts and Expenditure, Rolls of, 88

Recognizances, 106, 121–2, 264

Recorder, announces election of Mayor, 72
-, — Gregory de Norton promoted, 72
-, — gives Record and Process oretenus, in actions of Error, 169 n. 2, 247 n.

Refusal to Quit, actions relating to, 273–4, 278

Regrators, 253, 257

Religious Houses, taxed for defence of City, 100–2

Replegiare, action of, for recovery of distresses, 121, 121 n. 1

Reprisals, 4, 6–7, 9 n. 1, 24, 26–7, 29, 33, 76, 87; see Withernam, Writ of Arrest

Rescue, of arrested persons, 267

Reversions, question as to devising, 24

Rifflers, proclamation against, xxiii, 15

Right of Entry, prosecution for refusing, 22

Right Patent, actions by writ of, in the Husting, 39 n. 1

Saddlers, their agreement with the Fusters, Painters, and Loriners of copper and iron, 41; charge the Fusters with enhancing prices, 238–40; their dispute with the Cordwainers, 246; mainprised to keep the peace with each other, 272, 273

Salt, customs on, at Queen Hithe, 19

Sanitation, cleansing of Dowgate Dock, 223; the Tower Ditch, 144, 145; see Pavements, Streets

Scotland, the war with, 22, 28, 32, 57

Seal, the Common, 28, 36, 68
-, — the Mayoralty, 24, 25, 89, 168, 204
-, — the Mayor's small, 71

Sequestration, the custom of, in London, 219 n. 1

Serjeant of the Chamber, 199

Serjeants of the Court, names of those attending at Guildhall to swear allegiance to Queen Isabella and Edward her son, 12–13

Shearmen, charged with demanding double wages, 237

Sheathers, Ordinances of the, 3940

Sheriffs, as King's officers, x
-, — charge of resisting, 201
-, — elections of, see Elections
-, — sued for escape of debtorprisoners, 198–9, 266

Sheriffs' Court, vii; for citizens, 152; for foreigners, 213; juries of Lombards and Englishmen in, 259, 259 n. 2

Sheriffs' Officers, order against extortion by, 217

Sheriffs' Tourn, 124 n. 1

Ships, names of, Anne de Wynchelse, La, 25; Blithe, La, of Winchelsea, 19; of London, 21 et passim; Careccer, Carrak, La, 147, 172; Clays Nyfrard, 5; Cok James, of Dartmouth, 132; Cok Johan, of Fowey, 132; Cristemesse, Le, 76 n. 2; Edmond de Loundres, La, 25; Esmon de la Tour, Le, 149; Fraunceys de Bayon, La, 165; "le Galeys," 146; Godzer, of Tynemouth, 132; Gondeselles, La, of Sluys, 160; James, of London, 207; James, La, of Sarre, 149; Katerine, La, 8; Katerine de Hope, La, 207; Margarete, La, 20, 28, 28 n. 1, 76; Michel de Briggewater, La, 25; Michiel, of Dartmouth, 132; Naudeu, of London, 132; Naude, La, 147, 148; Seint Jak du Crotoy, de Crotoye, La James de Crotoy, 24, 29; Seynt Marie, of Grimsby, 245; Seint Marie Bot, 207; Seyntemariecog, of Greenwich, 131; Skynkeweyn, le, of Hulst, 160; Trinitee de la Tour, La, 149

Ships, of Abbeville, captured by Winchelsea men, 26
-, — three English, seized by bailiffs of St Valery-sur-Somme, 27
-, — robbery of cargo of a wrecked ship at Wakering, 86–7
-, — pressed into service against the Scots, 91–2
-, — of the ports to be set afloat for protection of the coasts, 93
-, — twenty-six, demanded from the City, 140
-, — assault on the mariners of the "galeys" in the Thames, 146

Skinners, their affray with the Fishmongers, xxviii–xxix, 1223, 126–9; assault by servants of, 197; appointment of overseers to present bad work by, 209; ordinance to protect their trade against the Cappers, 214; their representatives in the Common Council, 267

Smithfield, the Statute of, 95 n. 1
-, — — prosecutions under, 95, 11920, 193, 204, 217–18, 219, 241, 246

Smiths, verdict on prices by, 215

Spanish Merchants, King's Council orders restoration of goods captured from, 147–9, 172

Stainers, amalgamate with the Painters, 244 n. 3

Staple, John de Charleton, Mayor of the, 16; to be observed till the meeting of Parliament, 17; English, Irish and Welsh merchants to remain forty days in Staple towns, 21; suspended till Christmas 1327, 32; the Ordinance of the, 434; attempt of the Flemings to subvert, 44; proceedings of the Council of merchants at York regarding, xxxiv–xxxv, 52–3, 54, 56–59; the Ordinance to be observed, 59; abolished by the Statute of Northampton, 59 n. 1; the ordinance of 1353, 258 n. 1

Staple of Westminster, 258 n. 1
-, — — Bills of, 258–9, 261–3, 269, 279

Statutes, relating to the coinage of the realm, 93
-, — de Nova Custuma, 3, 259 n. 3
-, — of Gloucester, 261
-, — of Labourers (1349), xxix–xxxi, 225 n. 2
-, — — prosecutions under, 225–6, 226, 228–9, 229, 229–30, 2312, 234, 235, 236, 252
-, — of Labourers (1351), xxix–xxxi, 257
-, — of Mortmain, 187
-, — of Smithfield, see Smithfield
-, — of Winchester, xx–xxi, 65, 75, 76, 77

Stonebows, persons forbidden to shoot pigeons with, 36

Streets, to be cleansed of rubbish, 17; cleansed by the Ward beadles, 95–6, by the Ward Serjeants, 116, 156; prosecutions for throwing traderefuse in, 162, 264; butchers prosecuted for feeding pigs with trade-refuse in, 166; see Pavements

Tallages, not taken in the City, 23

Tanners, their evidence on prices required by Cordwainers, 231; surveyors sworn for the mistery of, 272

Tapicers, assault by journeymen, 196
-, — the mistery of, 208
-, — — prosecution by, 237

Taverners, to close their taverns by curfew, 34, 154, 164; not to mix inferior or corrupt with sound wine, 45, 154, 164; to allow customers to see their wine drawn, 45, 152, 154, 235; to be responsible for their guests, 188

Taxes, national, 30 n. 1, 31, 106, 107, 140, 146, 156 n. 1, 178, 244
-, — for civic purposes, 100–2, 130, 178, 256

Thames, measures for the defence of, 102, 176–8

Threats, complaints of, 108, 168, 173, 191, 270; see Writ de minis
-, — against an ex-Mayor, 115

Tolls, in London, 2s a cask from vintners of Aquitaine, 3; 2d the sieve of salt, 19, 33, 34, 37; on fish-panniers at Southwark, 37, 38; on corn, 90; alleged unjust, on grain, 1601; pesage, 5, 174; on carts, 208–9, 220, 224; in other towns, see City Liberties

Tournament, at Northampton, 6

Tourtebakers, not allowed to bake white bread, 23

Tourte-Bread, the Assize of, 144

Trailbaston, Justices of, in the City, xix, xxiii

Treasurer, the King's, 79, 87, 139

Trespass, actions of, 94, 99
-, — — unjust arrest, 98; hindering a feoffment, and assault, 114; taking away a book, 145; furbishing worn-out furs, 213; failing to plead for a client, 218

Tun, the, in Cornhill, 110, 110 n. 1

Usurious Bargains, City ordinance against, 280

Vee de Naams, de namiis injuste captis, see Replegiare

Verdict, consultation as to the effect of a, 263

Victuals, purchased for the King's use, 175

Vintners, malpractices of, 45; not to sell wine at more than 4d a gallon, 204; amerced for disobeying regulations, 235 n. 1

Wages, actions relating to, 108; see Statute of Labourers, prosecutions under

Waifs and Strays, 91

Walking, of cloth, 153 n. 1

Ward Inquests, and presentments, of Billingsgate, 96; Farringdon Within and Without, 108–9; of grouped Wards, 124–6

Wardmoot, Articles of the, 156
-, — precept to summon, and to make a presentment of persons indicted in the, 119; to summon and make a return of suspicious and disreputable inhabitants, 187–8

Wardmoot, Grand Court of, at Guildhall, 124 n. 1

Wards, assessors of the, 116, 11718, 139–40, 141; one auditor chosen from each of, 131; representatives of, 31 n. 1, 69, 72–3, 129, 140, 194, 200–1, 234; bad characters to be expelled from the, 116; menat-arms furnished by the, 131; names of jurors from, attending the Iter at the Tower in 1341, 137; charged with defence of the City, 176–7; better men of, to patrol the City for the keeping of the peace, 189; precept to search for disorderly persons in, 190; quotas of archers from, 221–2
-, — correspond to hundreds, xxiv

Wardship, see Orphans

Warranty, the writ of, 260

Waste, actions of, 185, 261

Watch, to be held in the Wards, 15; to be armed, 18; persons fined for refusing to serve on, 133; gates to be guarded by, 189; charges of assaulting the, 192, 193

Waxchandlers, persons chosen to prevent adulteration by, 162

Weavers, prosecutions by, for being in possession of unlawful "chalons," 97; for weaving cloth unlawfully, 99; for preventing their bailiff from executing a judgment of their Court, 130; for being in possession of cloth not conforming to the assize of Candlewick Street, 205; against the Flemish weavers for attempting to raise wages, 248
-, — bailiffs of the, 130, 205; sworn to office, 145–6, 204
-, — Court of the, 130
-, — Ordinances of the, 147 n. 3

Weaving, of blankets, 270–1

Weighing-Houses, establishment of, for grain, 5

Wharfage, 63, 87

Wheat, overseers appointed to carry out ordinances concerning, 115–16; see Corn

Whitebakers, not allowed to bake tourte, 23

Wills, City custom in proving and executing, 7–8

Wills, actions against persons impeding the execution of, 46–7, 96, 157, 158; see Writ ex gravi querela

Wine, weak and corrupt, not to be mixed with good, 45, 154,164; customers to be allowed to see their wine drawn, 45, 152, 154, 235; "Renys" wine not to be sold at more than 8d the gallon, 120; 6d the gallon, 152; ordinary wine at 4d the gallon, 204; brokerage on the sale of, 157; prosecutions for enhancing the price of, 204, 219, 237, 245, 256

Winedrawers, prosecuted for offences against the Statute of Labourers, 228–9

Withernam, ordered against men of Rye and Winchelsea, 26; by town of Sandwich against London merchants, 90; against the men of Great Yarmouth, 180–1

Woad, measurers of, sworn to notify arrival of goods from Amiens, Corbie and Nesle, 99
-, — action on a sale of woad-ash, 131

Wool, City's protest against the extraordinary loan on, 32; a cargo of, seized by men of Calais, Wissant and Boulogne, 47; the City exempted from the tax on, 48; the City compounds for the wool tax, 106; exported to Lombardy, 146; the King's, 184; price of, 263; see Staple

Wreck, rights of, 86

Writs, of Arrest (dearresto), 28, 62, 64, 76
-, — (certiorari) to return value of stones of Fleet Prison, 183
-, — of Error (de errore), 158–9, 2478, 247 n. 1
-, — for the execution of a will (ex gravi querela), 157 n. 1
-, — for Inquisitions post Mortem (diem clausit extremum), 174, 181, 186–7
-, — — ad Quod Damrum, 181–2, 182–3, 187
-, — of Novel Disseisin (de assisa nove disseisine), 8
-, — of Protection, 184, 263, 264, 272
-, — of Right Patent (de recto patens), 261, 261 n. 2
-, — to produce record and process (de venire faciendo), 247; see Writ of Error above
-, — to give seisin (habere facias seisinam), 176, 185
-, — concerning threats (de minis), 270, 271, 272
-, — of warranty (de warrantia carte), 260