Henry VIII: June 1526, 11-20 | British History Online

Pages 1000-1015

Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 4, 1524-1530. Originally published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1875.

Citation:

June 1526



11 June. R. O.	2239. DUKE OF MILAN to [WOLSEY].
	Wrote an account of his conversation with don Hugo on the 6th, the day after his arrival. On the 7th, the prothonotary Caracciolo and his secretary Giacomo Pierro came to carry out his commission. Answered resolutely that he did not intend any judicial act to be executed until he was fully restored; it could then be seen who ought to be judge, and how the case should be tried; would, however, speak extrajudicially to justify himself, if Caracciolo would give him the heads of the charges against him. He said he had no such commission, and departed. On Saturday, the 9th, he returned, saying that he had a long discussion with don Hugo, and the other captains, and they proposed that the Duke should deliver the castle to the Prothonotary, who would garrison it with his own men; that they would leave Cremona free to the Duke, and conduct him thither safely, or, if he preferred to stay at Milan, would leave the city free to him, with the power of going into the castle; that the Prothonotary would take an oath of fidelity to the Emperor and to the Duke to restore the castle, according to the judicial decision; and that the Duke and the castellan of Cremona must take a similar oath for the restoration of that town. Other unimportant matters were also talked of. Although these demands were such as he would at once refuse, determined to make an answer the following day. Accordingly, yesterday, sent Giacomo Philippo Sacco, senator, and Giov. Baptista Spe- ziano, treasurer, to show them that their propositions were unjust and dishonorable, and to make the offers of which Wolsey has already been informed. Much was said on both sides. They insisted on his offering security, which being unreasonable was refused. After presenting a new requisition and protestation, of which he sends a copy, they returned to him. Don Ugo left for Rome at the 15th hour. The commission of the Prothonotary is to receive and send to the Emperor the information which the Imperialists will give against the Duke, and his justification, and the Emperor will then appoint judges. "Ex arce nostra Portæ Jovis." Milan, 11 June 1526.
	Copy, Lat., pp. 3. Endd.
11 June. R. O.	2240. GHINUCCI to WOLSEY.
	There is no news since he wrote last, except that don Hugo de Moncada, the new ambassador to the Pope, has arrived at Milan on his way to Rome with full commission for concluding peace between the powers of Italy and all Christian princes. Sends a copy of a fourth or fifth part of the catalogue of Greek books in the Pope's library. Will send the whole as soon as possible. Rome, 11 June 1526. Signed.
	Lat., p. 1. Add.
11 June. R. O.	2241. CHR. DE SCHIDLOWIJECZ, Palatine and Chancellor of Poland, to HENRY VIII.
	Met James, the falconer of the duke of Norfolk (Novofoch), who said he had been sent to Denmark to buy falcons, but, finding none, had come hither. Showed him hospitality. There are no falcons here. Though passionately fond of the sport, has sent away almost all his own, as there is no place fit for practice; but hearing from James that the King also delights in falcons, sends the few he has left. Has been accustomed to send falcons and sakers (herodii) to the late emperor Maximilian, the late king of Hungary and Bohemia, the present Emperor and the present king of Hungary and the archduke Ferdinand. The great saker (gerfalcon) is so rare that there is not such a good one in Poland. It does not fly from the fist, but on high, and kills not only wild ducks (anetas), but cranes and other large birds. It is none the worse for the injury to one claw. The other four falcons are young ones from an approved nest. Begs to be informed if they arrive safely. Philip Bijschow or Joannes de Werden will forward letters to him. If the King wishes for more falcons next year, he should send a man at the beginning of spring, or the end of Lent, to Cracow, of which city he is governor, and he will do his best to provide them. Dantzic, 11 June 1526.
	Signed: Christophorus de Schidlowijecz in Sczmielon (?) ac in Magna Opatow Palatinus et generalis capitaneus Cracoviensis ac Regni Poloniæ summus Cancellarius, tum Swadiensis Sochaczoviensis Gostinensis ac Novæ Civitatis, &c., terrarum præfectus.
	Lat., p. 1. Add. Endd.
11 June. R. O.	2242. CHR. COO.
	Obligation by Andrew Growte, of London, merchant and owner of Le Mary de Grenewich, now in the port of London, and Peter Yong, of Ratclyf, Middx., for the payment of 21l. to Chr. Coo, Esq., at Christmas. 11 June 18 Hen. VIII.
	Vellum. Signed and sealed.
12 June. Cal. D. IX. 219. B. M. Ellis, 2 Ser. I. 337.	2243. TAYLER to WOLSEY.
	Since Cheyne's departure, 27 May, has had little occasion to write. The president of Roan came to the King at Angoulesme, 5 June, and made such good relation of the King and Wolsey they could not be "satiate" to talk with him. On the 8th, went to Court, when "the King caused me to stand at his chair bolle while he dined," and took Tayler after dinner to the window, "and with affectionate heart and joyous countenance told me that the President had brought him such tidings from his brother, the King our master, and your Grace, that him seemed perfectly to know both your kind hearts." He professed he would maintain this new amity; for "having true and faithful amity with the King's grace, he cared not for all the world." It is a great comfort to Tayler to hear all these good reports from England.
	There is one called Villers, who was a prisoner in the Tower, who does not fail to show to Francis and others the goodness and the liberality of the King, and the high wisdom of your Grace. The hostages who have come home do the same. Sicilians, Neapolitans, Almains and Italians have been with me, "praying to God that the king of England might [be] their lord and king. And, doubtless, if there were as [full] coffers as hath been, the King's highness might facy[lely] be lord of all the world." It is publicly reported by the Nuncio that the King has sent aid to Hungary; so every man gives the King the name Defensor Fidei, "to the great reproach of the Emperor, the which suffereth his own sister to be in so gr[eat] danger of captivity of the Turks."
	The Viceroy has presented to the King De Pratto as his successor. At the presentation, the King told the Viceroy that a gentleman had brought letters from the Emperor in favor of Bourbon's servant to pass into Italy, which the King would not allow, and hanged a man who was bribed to let him escape. Was told by the Pope's nuncio that the King was sorry he had allowed don Hugo de Monchado to pass into Italy. On the 9th, as Francis was hunting, his horse fell, "and conytyng in the fall to help and save himself, fell on his left arm; the which, betwixt the elbow and the wrist, the small bone was put out of joint, and the wrist of the hand also." "The physicians keep well the ague from his Grace, that there is no danger." Visited him on the 11th, and he showed me his hand greatly swollen. He eats and sleeps well. Angoulesme, 12 June. Signed.
	Mutilated, pp. 3. Add.: To my lord Cardinal's grace.
12 June. R. O.	2244. EDMOND HARVEL to RUSSELL.
	Wrote five days ago by post, and also by Victor a Porcase, who goes "by journey pace." Gave him "the recayt of taking of fytche, with certayn semence thereto apropriated, with a payre of glovis perfumed," which things he has bid Farmer give to Russell. All Italy is preparing for war. All manner of munitions have lately left Venice. They have made much money by "tances" and making procurators, three of whom have lent the Signory 12,000 and 14,000 ducats each for four or five years. The Venetian army is 10,000 foot, 1,000 men-at-arms, and 500 light horse, beside those who remain to guard the towns. The Pope has at Placentia 8,000 foot and 600 men-at-arms. 10,000 Swiss are daily expected. The army will assemble in eight days. The Venetians are very earnest about the expulsion of the Spaniards, and spare neither cost nor diligence. It is rumored that Andrea Dorea has occupied Savona. The Spaniards withdraw into Cremona, Pavia, Lodi, Alexandria, and other castles, which they have victualled; but having the people of the duchy as enemies they will not prevail. The Pope has 60,000 ducats in Crema to pay the Swiss. From Hungary, hears of nothing but the 300,000 men whom the Turk has there, a force able to ruin all Christendom if these wars continue. Offers his services. Asks him to deliver the enclosed with speed. Venice, 12 June 1526.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: Mag. viro Dño Joanni [R]ussello equiti aurato, [uni]co patrono suo optimo, Londini. Endd.: Mr. Harvel to my Lorde Russel, from Venyce.
13 June. R. O. St. P. VI. 537.	2245. JOHN DA CASALE to [VANNES].
	Extracts from letters of the prothonotary Casale, dated Venice, 13 June.
	Immediately on his arrival at Milan, Moncada went to the castle, and wrote to the Imperial ambassador here and to the Signory. The ambassador told the Signory that Moncada was sent by the Emperor to settle the affairs of the duke of Milan, and would go straight to the Pope; and that the Emperor was very anxious for peace. He asked them to send instructions to their ambassador at Rome accordingly, which he hoped would please the Pope and every one else. He said that Moncada had heard that the Emperor was a good deal spoken against at Venice, and that forces were being prepared there, and he wished to know their mind.
	They replied that they desired peace for the common good, and on account of the Turk; that they thought it necessary to be in arms. The bishop of Bayeux, on being asked, was undecided, because the French king had made the Nuncio and the Venetian agent swear that the treaty should not be disclosed. The agent of the duke of Milan asked for a distinct answer as better for his master.
	Casale advised that no answer should be given. He pointed out, 1st, that nothing could be done without the concurrence of France and England; 2nd, that their intentions are evidently bad; 3rdly, that nothing could result from these practises except the loss of the castle of Milan, and giving the enemy time to prepare. He, therefore, advised them to say that as they did not know the details of don Hugo's offers, and he was going to the Pope, they would write to their ambassador at Rome to answer them.
	This advice pleased many, but the larger council called Pregay was summoned to deliberate, who next day sent for us, the ambassadors; but the answer agreed on did not please us, and opinions were again asked. Most of them agreed with Casale, but many thought the answer should be that there was close connection between the Pope, the French and English kings, and the Signory, and nothing could be treated about the common affairs without common consent. Today, June 11, another council will be held to determine about the answer. Will send news immediately after. Wishes to know what he is to do.
	Letters came next day, which were read by the Milanese ambassador. Don Hugo entered the citadel at the 19th hour, June 6, but first proclaimed to the Duke by a drummer that the Emperor had sent him into Italy with commission to dissolve the blockade, restore him, and receive his justification, which was only asked for to satisfy Bourbon, to whom the duchy had been promised; but the Emperor had found out his innocence, and would restore him. The Duke replied that he had always been faithful to the Emperor, that he hoped his innocence would be manifest to all, and he asked the Don to set him free, who replied he could not without consulting the Pope. In two days he intended to leave for Rome. The prothonotary Caracciola had gone to examine Moron about the Duke's innocence. The Duke has written to his ambassador that Don Hugo will free him if he will promise to serve the Emperor, but he hopes to gain his freedom another way.
	The Doge said he would answer the Emperor's ambassador as Casale had advised. Told him to beware of making the kings of France and England suspicious. The Doge had told him that it was expedient for the King to act openly now. Answered that he had no commission for this; but advises the King to join the league.
	The bishop of Lodi writes that he finds many difficulties among the Swiss. The Venetians have large forces. The Pope has a body of men who hate the Spaniards. Gives their numbers.
	Lat., pp. 8. In Vannes' hand.
13 June. Lettere di Principi, I. 201.	2246. GIBERTO to GAMBARA. (fn. 1)
	The enclosed is the duplicate of a letter which I wrote to you the other day, and in which I did not inform you what [commission] was brought by Don Ugo [de Moncada], or of his negotiations with the duke of Milan. We since learn that the Emperor's ambassador at Venice had presented to the Prince (Doge) credentials from Don Ugo, declaring the goodwill of the Emperor towards the duke of Milan and Italy, to whose peace and quiet he devoted all his thoughts, and that Don Ugo had ample powers to arrange everything; and desiring the Signory to send powers to her ambassador here, and that a suspension of arms should be agreed to in the meanwhile. The Prince took time to consult with the ambassadors of the Pope, France and England. His answer was, that, on the siege of Milan being raised, the rest of the differences should be discussed, but even then nothing could be done without the knowledge and consent of the kings of France and England and the other confederates.
	Don Ugo is to be here in two or three days, if he departed from Milan on the 10th, as he intended; but, however ample may be his offers, the Pope will give him no decisive reply without the consent of the allies, and will not cease to make preparations. His Holiness would much have desired to have taken the opinion of the King and the cardinal of York on this subject. He will say that if the Emperor desires peace he must restore the French king's sons, be contented with reasonable conditions, pay what he owes to the king of England, relieve the duke of Milan and Italy of his armies, and procure for the Church its accustomed respect in his dominions. If the Emperor offered the world to the Pope, the latter would not accept it.
	Letters have been received from the duke of Milan, giving an account of the conference, and stating that Don Ugo's speech was very humble. The Venetians have their 10,000 infantry and all their men-at-arms in readiness. Within six days the Pope's entire army will be at Piacenza. The bishop of Lodi is expected with Swiss. If they delay, the number of Italian infantry shall be increased. Solicit that the English ambassadors [in France] may have commission to join the Nuncios and the Venetian agents in urging that speedy aid be furnished by France. The largeness of the Emperor's offers is a token that the French king is not listening to the Spanish intrigues, and that the Imperialists feel their weakness. We intend to cut off all their succors of men and money. It is probable that, finding the Pope unmoved by their promises, they will enlarge their offers to the French king, who must not agree to any condition which would leave the enemy's greatness unimpaired, knowing that enemy's disposition; nor must he do anything without the consent of the confederates. The preparations must not be intermitted. Urge the King and Cardinal to use their authority to prevent the French king from yielding to the artifices of others or to affection for his children, whom he will recover in the end, perhaps a little later, but with more glory. I write to put you in mind of the many things which the French ought to do first, so that you may be in time to get them solicited by England. It would be an advantage if they were merely assured that they have done well, and given much pleasure to the King; and this will encourage them to proceed much better in the rest. I commend myself to the Cardinal my lord, and to the usual lords and friends. Rome, 13 June 1526.
	Ital.
13 June. Lettere di Principi, I. 198 b.	2247. GIBERTO to the BISHOP OF POLA.
	Is directed by the Pope to write to France and England what it seems advisable to say to those Kings, exhorting the French king not to listen to any overture from the Emperor. Rome, 13 June 1526.
	Ital.
13 June. S. B.	2248. For SIR THOMAS MORE.
	Licence to export 1,000 woollen cloths. Del. the More, 13 June 18 Hen. VIII.
	Pat. 18 Hen. VIII. p. 1, m. 28.
14 June. Vit. B. VIII. 103. B. M.	2249. [HUGO DE MONCADA to the EMPEROR.]
	"Exemplum literarum [Domini Hu]gonis ... ex Senis xiiij ..."
	Wrote from Pavia by a noble in the retinue of the Adelantado of Granada, on the 4th instant, and from Milan on the 9th, where he remained until Sunday to compose the differences between the citizens and the Marquis and Antony de Leyva.
	Arrived at Sienna on the 14th. Was well received by the citizens, who were in great fear. Told them that the Emperor was contented with them, and would protect their city. They said these were only words, and they wished for some palpable remedy; for they saw the Imperial army occupied in defending itself from the Pope and Venetians, and they were sure that a force of 10,000 foot was being prepared against them, under the count of Pitiliano, with the Pope's sanction. The Pope was the Emperor's declared enemy. All Italy was crying out for death to the Spaniards, but he refused them any assistance except words. They are much afraid, but are well disposed. It would be a great pity to lose the city. Advised the Emperor to assist them. Has no money himself, and he would not be obeyed if he wrote to Naples. Saw count Guido Rangon at Fiorenzuola, 12 miles from Pavia, as he could not travel without the Count's safe-conduct. Count Boschetus was in the room, having just come from Rome. Asked why they were sending forces to Placentia. They said, because the Imperial army had occupied the duchy of Milan. Said that might be settled without arms, for the Emperor did not wish to deprive the Duke of his state. At Bologna Vitellius came to see him. It is said that he is raising men. Count Guido's troops were going towards the Po. Joannino de Medicis is captain-general of the infantry.
	The Pope has declared against the Emperor, so that there is no longer need to dissimulate. Advises peace. Thinks these military movements are intended to produce negotiations. The duke of Suessa thinks otherwise. If there is no hope of peace, the Emperor must make speedy provision, if he does not want to lose everything. Thinks if this is done at once, that the Pope will be the first to repent. Wishes the 4,000 Spaniards, about whom he wrote from Milan, to be sent to Porto Ercole or Naples as soon as possible. The Emperor should also prepare a fleet. The duke of Ferrara came to him at Reggio, and complained that the Emperor had spoken of restoring Reggio and Ribera to the Pope.
	The cardinal Colonna, the cardinal of Sienna and the duke of Camerino have sent to him at Sienna to offer their services to the Emperor. Sends a copy of letters from the duke of Suessa. All the roads by which letters can be sent are stopped.
	Lat., pp. 5.
15 June. R. O.	2250. CINQUE PORTS.
	1. Inquisition taken at Winchelsea on Thursday, 14 June 18 Hen. VIII., before Sir Edward Guildford, constable of Dover Castle and admiral of the Cinque Ports, touching an assault, and certain articles found upon the seashore; viz., a boat; 5 silver bedestones, value 3s.; 1,000 nails, value 3s. 4d.; a doublet of Bruges, 14d.; an old tawney coat, value 2s.; a coverlet of tapestry work, value 5s.; and two towels (mappas) of diaper, value 2s., &c. Also a sail bonnet, value 2s., belonging to a Spanish ship lost on the coast; 5 barrels of tar, value 11s. 8d.; and a barrel of pitch, value 4s.; a hat and a Spanish cape, value 2s.
R. O.	2. Inquisition taken at Hastings, Friday, 15 June 18 Hen. VIII., before Sir Edward Guildford, constable of Dover Castle and admiral of the Cinque Ports, concerning certain hogsheads of claret found in a boat upon the high seas, near Hastings, on 20 Nov. 16 Hen. VIII., and other boats and articles found since, including a sail called a "brill," 2 anchors, 1 cable, 3 prosayles (foresails ?), with tackle, &c."
R. O.	3. Modern copy of the preceding.
	Pp. 3.
R. O.	4. Indenture, dated 15 June 18 Hen. VIII., between Sir Edw. Guldeford, constable of Dover Castle, warden of the Cinque Ports, and admiral of the Narrow Sea from the Horseshoo in Essex to Beauchief in Sussex, on one part, and the towns of Hastings, Bulverhithe, Pevensey and Seaforde, Sussex, on the other, that Sir Edw. shall have one third of all wrecks and fyndells at sea, and one half of those on the shore, and shall have the first choice of buying the other portion at a fair price.
	Modern copy, p. 1.
15 June. Vit. B. VIII. 67. B. M.	2251. GHINUCCI to [WOLSEY].
	"Ill. ac R., &c. Post ultimas [literas] scriptas ad D. v. R., quæ datæ fuerunt xi. hujus mensis, nil novi ad mei notitiam devenit. Pontifex curat omni diligentia ut suus exercitus coadunetur et jungat se exercitui Venetorum, quod creditur facturum intra decem dies, et ut asserun[t] uterque est in majori numero quam conventum sit. Interim lanziknechti Cæsaris continuant obsidionem arcis Mediolani et reliquus exercitus Cæsaris est vicinus Mediolano. Aliqui sperant Cæsareos succubituros; aliqui dubitant. Ego, licet hæc mea non sit professio, sum de his qui dubitant, nisi videam ex Gallia motum aliquem, saltem in Italiam: utrum autem illi id facturi sint, licet ita promiserint, nescio an pro certo teneri possit. Dubito, prout semper dubitavi, quod nisi Rex noster et D. v. R. manum apponant, moderenturque hujus negocii habenæ, manutenendo, viz., eos in opinione servandi fœderis, et incitendo eos ad aliquam demonstratione[m] qua Itali animentur, et amovendo a Pontifice dubitationem quam puto eum habere, quod Galli, vel ut filios recuperent, vel alias, sint variaturi vel tepide processuri, tandem res non bene procedent. Volui quod sentio ad D. v. R. scribere, non ut instruam Minervam, sed u[t] debito meo satisfaciam. Unum non omittam, communem esse hic opinionem, conclusionem fœderis solum Regi nostro et D. v. R. deberi, et quod nisi oratores Angliæ, qui sint apud Regem Gallorum, plus quam viriliter instetissent pro dicto fœdere, adhuc nihil factum esset; et ita mihi a pluribus Cardinalibus et aliis gravibus et magnis viris dictum est, cum commendatione Regis nostri et D. v. R. usque ad sidera.
	"Fertur communiter quod cito erit hic don Hugo de Moncada, missus a Cæsare, [u]t aiunt, cum amplissima potestate ad componendas res Italiæ, et ita ipse per nuntium Cæsareum, qui est Venetiis, Venetis significavit, qui prout et Pontifici videntur esse intentionis protrahere responsum donec super hoc intelligant mentem Regis Gallorum, ad quem jam super hoc scripserunt. Si quid succedet, significabo D. v. R., cui me," &c. Rome, 15 June 1526. Signed.
	Cipher, undeciphered; mutilated.
Vit. B. VIII. 86. B. M.	2. Duplicate of the preceding. Signed.
	Cipher, undeciphered; mutilated.
15 June. R. O.	2252. RIC. PACE to LORD DARCY.
	Harvy, the bearer, hath informed me of your great kindness "unto him in his cause of marriage," and I doubt not that ye will continue in the same. But, for the love I bear him, and for his good qualities, I desire you "to help to make the hastier end in this matter of love, to the which love, as we read in old books, nothing can be more displeasant than delay and tracte of time. And I will desire my good lady, your bedfellow and my wife, (fn. 2) (humbly commending myself unto her,) to put also her hand to this matter for the speedy advancement of the same, according to the desire of the said master Harvey; for whom I am the more desirous to write, and specially to ladies, because that he, at his being at Tournay, did declare himself both a true lover and an honest man, as the slyde* can well testify." London, 15 June. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.
16 June. S. B.	2253. For JOHN RUSSELL.
	To be secretary and clerk of the signet to princess Mary, in Wales and in cos. Worc., Heref., Salop, Glouc., Chester and Flint, with same fees as Peter Newton or Hen. Knight. Del. Westm., 16 June 18 Hen. VIII.
17 June. Calig. D. IX. 221. B. M.	2254. TAYLER to WOLSEY.
	Wrote on the 12th, enclosing letters from Rome. Received, on the 14th, Wolsey's letters, by the gentleman that brought the mules. On returning thanks to Madame for the same, she answered "they were not half so much worth, as your Grace had made thanks both by your present letters and also by messengers; but she was right glad they pleased the King's highness and your Grace, and she would daily study what things might be other to your Grace pleasant or else to your ease, for because your Grace is occupied in so great business." On the 15th, the Grand Master told him a messenger had come from the Emperor, and that Tayler and other ambassadors should be present at the Council. Were sent for on the 16th. Found there Vendôme, Lautrec, Robertet, and others. Were informed by the Chancellor they were to be told everything that came from Spain, seeing that it was by desire of the Pope and Venetians that he had kept the Viceroy so long, "more for his own sake, and for such kindness as he had found in him wh[en] he was captivus, than for any other respect;" that the King had sent to the Emperor, proposing a general peace, and the restoration of his sons for a sum of money, allowing Italy to be at liberty, and paying the king of England the money he owes him. After a long interval the Emperor returned an unfavorable answer; and, seeing he is preparing for war, Francis desires to know the opinions of the ambassadors whether the passage to Italy should be more strictly guarded. He trusted the ratifications of the league would come, though they had not yet.
	A sad and discreet man, come lately from the Pope and Florentines, Robertus [Caracc]iolus, made answer that there should be no failure of men or money on the part of the Confederates. The Chancellor said, that Moncada boasted he would order the Pope at his pleasure, as soon as he spoke with him. The Nuncio said that was not likely, for as soon as the Pope heard of Moncada's coming, he had written to have his passage stopped; on which Moncada was compelled to return to Spain, and all the passes were more strictly kept. Tayler said he had no commission for this purpose, but would write home for instructions. Angoulesme, 17 June. Signed.
	Mutilated, pp. 5. Add.: To my lord Cardinal's grace.
17 June. R. O.	2255. JOHN TAYLER, ARCHDEACON OF BUCKS, to WOLSEY.
	After packing up his letters, the Nuncio and Venetian ambassador came and showed him that they had received from the Pope and the Signory the confirmations of the league of Italy, and they wrote with their own hands the following news.
	Thinks "they sey with the most," but he hears that the Spaniards and Imperialists are more in number and more valiant. Angoulesme, 17 June.
	The Venetians had near Crema, on the 10th June, 950 men-at-arms, 800 light horse, and 8,000 foot, and were expecting in eight days 3,000 foot and 300 light horse. The Pope had at Placentia 400 men-at-arms, 300 light horse, and 4,000 foot, and was expecting within ten days troops to complete his quota. The duke of Milan stands firm, and is expecting assistance. Signed.
	P. 1. The latter paragraph in Latin. Add.: To my lord Cardinal's grace.
17 June. Cal. D. IX. 224. B. M.	2256. TAYLER to JOHN JOACHIM.
	One Nich. de St. Martin lately arrived here with letters in his favor from queen Mary and the duke of Suffolk, and also from the King to my Lady. Part of his business concerns the farming of offices connected with the French queen's dower by George Hampton. Thinks this strange, for when Joachim was here he alone had any authority in the matter, and he left Sebastian de Salvago to represent him. Wishes to know if he has still anything to do with it. Sends commendations to ... and Francis. Angoulême, 17 June. Signed.
	Lat., mutilated, p. 1. Add.: Mag^co D. Jochino Chr. Regis oratori apud M^tem Angliæ residenti.
18 June. Cal. D. IX. 225. B. M.	2257. TAYLER to [WOLSEY].
	Was visited today by all the Pope's ambassadors and the ambassador of Venice, who showed him letters from the Pope to the nuncio in England "of the confirmation of this holy league of Italy," of which he considered the King and Wolsey authors. They were commissioned to thank Tayler and Cheyne, if he had been here, for soliciting it, and to promise that Tayler's services would be remembered if hereafter he asked any favor of his Holiness. They said Francis and Madame were much pleased with this confirmation, and the former had authorised Mons. Capin, the Pope's agent, to receive money at Lyons for the hire of the Swiss. The King has deter mined to publish the league at a solemn mass on Thursday next. On their asking Tayler to be present on this occasion, as they had been when Francis swore to the peace with England, Tayler promised to be ordered by Francis in the matter. Angoulesme, 18 June 1526. Signed.
	Mutilated, pp. 2.
18 June. R. O.	2258. CARDINAL'S COLLEGE, OXFORD.
	"A remembrance of such orfres as be delivered to Stephen Humble and Thomas Yong, broiderers," 18 June, to Wolsey, for his college at Oxford.
	P. 1. Endd.
19 June. Let. di Principi, I. 207 b.	2259. GIBERTO to ROBERTO ACCIAIOLO, [Nuncio in France.]
	Is writing to the Prothonotary (Gambara) in England to use every effort to gain all possible aid in money and otherwise, and, with that King's authority, to cause the French king to be urged promptly to execute his promises. Acciaiolo is also to write to the Prothonotary, and procure such assistance from England as seems necessary, in order to favor the Pope's designs, and to keep the French king and the other lords from listening to the Emperor's overtures. Rome, 19 June 1526.
	Ital.
19 June. Let. di Principi, I. 209.	2260. GIO. BATT. SANGA to GAMBARA.
	I believe that all your letters before those of the 22nd and 27th ult. and 4th inst., which were received yesterday, came safely to hand; but I do not know for certain, because this was Guicciardini's business while he was here. After his departure, I wrote to you on the 10th and 12th, informing you of what had been done up to that time. If the letters from Rome have been delayed, it was not the fault of Leonardo Spina, who is a faithful servant to the Pope, and who has always transmitted yours with diligence. Do not go to the expence of sending your dispatches by post, except when you have something important to communicate, for the little money we have is being expended gloriously. "Now that the altars are uncovered," you may cease writing in cipher, except very secret matters, which ought not to be many. As the letters will be sent by way of Switzerland, where the posts now are, they will risk no peril of miscarriage. Leonardo shall be reimbursed for the money he has spent down to the present time, on demand being made here by his agent.
	Don Hugo [de Moncada] came two days ago, with the duke of Sessa, to speak to the Pope. The discourse was long, and full of the affection which the Emperor bore to his Holiness, and of his great desire for the quiet of Italy and universal peace. It stated that he (don Ugo) had brought most ample powers to agree with all parties, and that peace or war rested with him. The Pope's reply was, that he had done all he could to pacify Italy, and to bring the Emperor to reasonable terms, but the actions of the Imperialists had compelled him to take up arms, which he would not lay down until the Emperor left Italy free, restored the French king's sons on fair conditions, and paid what he owed to the king of England, to whose Majesty he ought to attribute the greater portion of his aggrandisement, and to whom he owed so many obligations, so as to remove every cause of future discord among Christians. The Pope added that, even were he inclined to do so, he could not make a separate agreement without the consent and satisfaction of the other confederates. Notwithstanding, don Ugo told his Holiness he would return next day, and asked him to consider the matter well in the meanwhile. He returned accordingly, and said the Pope's reply seemed very hard, and used many persuasions to obtain a more favorable decision. Finally, he offered that, if the Emperor's honor were formally preserved, his Majesty would do whatever the Pope pleased, both as to leaving the duchy of Milan free, and arranging his differences with Venice; and that he would immediately remove his army from the duchy, provided his Holiness and the other powers of Italy would contribute a portion of the moneys which were requisite for its payment. The Pope, although quite resolved to accept no overtures from the Emperor, took time to consult with the ambassadors of the other princes, especially with those of our king and yours. So, having today summoned them before him again, he has determined to break off this negotiation by saying that the ambassadors will write to their princes, without whose counsel nothing can be done.
	The King and the cardinal of York, therefore, can no longer be in doubt as to the Pope's intentions. If he has done little hitherto, it was not from want of heart or will, but because he was not sure of having such good allies as now he has. Nor can I express how greatly your letters have encouraged his Holiness, seeing that his Majesty and the Cardinal rest well satisfied with the Pope's proceedings, and that, in addition to the confirmation of their promises, the Cardinal expresses his willingness to become hostage and surety that the French will not fail to perform all they are bound to do. The Pope eagerly accepts this offer, and warmly thanks the Cardinal for it; for if reason and the French king's promise left him in no doubt as to his Majesty's perseverance, much more will the authority of the King and Cardinal tend to make the French king constant in rejecting the great offers which the Emperor will make him. By this course the French king will preserve an immortal name, and obtain better terms when peace is made. He ought, therefore, to make active preparations for the war, and attack Flanders or Spain. These considerations will not be overlooked by the Cardinal, but it will do no harm to remind him of them.
	The Pope's forces, exceeding 8,000 men, are now at Piacenza. The Venetians have an equal number. As the castle of Milan was in great straits, the offer of the bishop of Lodi and the warder (castellano) of Mus to treat with the Grisons for 6,000 or 8,000 foot was accepted; but the matter has not been very successful. We will not fail to solicit the 10,000 Swiss whom the French king, by letters of the 4th, promises to send. I hope, therefore, that everything will enjoy a happy success, and redound to the glory of the King and Legate, who first raised this aspiration [for the liberty of Italy] when they made peace with France,—who gave rise to the league, which has chiefly been conducted by them,—and who will bring about the repose of Italy and Christendom, and a universal peace; and Italy, formerly oppressed, will attribute to them, in great measure, her salvation and liberation.
	The Pope received the utmost satisfaction on learning the protestation which the King intends to make to the Emperor; and, in accordance with the Cardinal's counsel, I am writing to the Legate (Salviati) in Spain, or, if he should have departed, to the Nuncio (Castiglione), to unite with the King's ambassadors and those of the confederates in performing the office which the Cardinal recommends [i. e., in making the protestation].
	I have spoken with the Pope as to the manner of the reformation of the League, which is to be made there (in England). His Holiness believes this reformation will not be different from the league which was concluded in France, with the exception of the express nomination of the King, and some one additional article such as his Majesty may please, the articles already concluded remaining unaltered in substance. It is certain that the King's sole authority lends very great support to the Italian enterprise; but now that the King and Cardinal have done so much, they could complete our happiness by extending to us pecuniary assistance. If they waged war on Flanders, they would divert the Emperor's attention from Italy. Should they be unwilling to make war openly before the protestation has been made in Spain, they can at least aid us secretly with money, for "a treasure" will be required to conduct the enterprise actively. Although it has only just commenced, the Pope out of his poverty has disbursed 100,000 ducats already. The humanity of the King and Cardinal, and the many benefits they have rendered to Italy, make us expect all aid from them. Cause the promised supplies of troops, money, and ships to be solicited in France in the King's name, as also the attack on the frontiers by the French king.
	Your testimony to the good offices of the bishop of Bath is very gratifying to the Pope. Thank him on the Pope's part, and communicate to him all his Holiness's desires, which he promises to further with the King and Cardinal; and kiss his hands in my name. You will have received the duplicate of the mandate which was sent when we were in doubt whether the negotiation of the conclusion of the League would have to be carried on in England. Whether his Majesty consent to become author or protector of the League, the Pope is contented, and readily accepts whatever the King pleases.
	There are so many things to thank the King and Cardinal for, that I had almost forgotten to state the Pope considers himself greatly obliged to them for their contribution for the preservation of Hungary, the peril of which is increasing. We continue to receive advices of the great preparations which the Turk was making of troops and money. The Pope has sent 50,000 ducats to Hungary. Beseech the King and Cardinal to put into effect what, like real princes, they have appointed for the succor of that poor kingdom, as an example to others to do the same.
	I should not have believed that the complaint of the Pope's taking Andrea Doria into his service would have reached so far as England, or that Giovanni Gioachino [di Passano] particularly would have taken it so much to heart, being, as he is, a friend of the signori Fregosi. The French king, without paying him, still commands his services as before. He is now here, preparing for the enterprise of Genoa, where it is proposed to replace the archbishop of Salerno [a Fregoso]. If the Archbishop had been dispatched from France with the galleys which are at Marseilles, by this time an attempt would have been made to revolutionize that territory. If the enemy were deprived of the aid of Genoa, they would be undone, and excluded from all hope of succor.
	I send you the breve of the confessional which you requested. The reminder which the Cardinal gives as to retaining the Viceroy (of Naples) in Savoy had better be made to France, in order that the French may prevent his departure thence. If the Viceroy came, even without bringing money, he would be better able to find means to procure some than these Spanish commanders, who have not, like him, power to sell, and to do many other things. On the 15th the people of Milan made a fresh insurrection against the Spaniards and lanceknights who are besieging the castle. You will have had letters from Roberto Acciaiolo [nuncio in France]. Write amply to him and to us of everything. Rome, 19 June 1526.
	Ital.
19 June. Lettere di Principi, I. 212.	2261. SANGA to the BISHOP OF POLA.
	The intention of the king of England to declare war against Spain is not promptly carried out by sending heralds, nor does he show so much eagerness in the matter as France. It is true that they proposed sending ambassadors to make the protest jointly with the other ambassadors, and that they request the other powers to write to their representatives to act in concert, which has been done. These things are all very fine; but they do not give us that present and effectual aid of which we now have need. Rome, 19 June 1526.
	Ital.
19 June. Vit. B. VIII. 69. B. M.	2262. GHINUCCI to [WOLSEY].
	Was preparing to give him a long account of what has occurred since he wrote on the 15th, when, hearing of an opportunity of sending through France, he has thought it right to give a summary for the present. Received yesterday Wolsey's letters of the 31 May and 5 June. Don Hugo de Moncada arrived the day before, offering conditions of peace to the Pope, which the latter said he could not accept without consulting his confederates. He accordingly consulted with the French, Venetian, and English ambassadors, and it was determined not to delay the proceedings in Lombardy. Don Hugo then proposed that the castle of Milan should be placed in the hands of the prothonotary Caracciolo, the Emperor's ambassador at Venice, who was Leo X.'s nuncio when Wolsey went to Flanders; that the question whether the duke of Milan had done wrong should be referred to judges chosen by the Pope, and on his innocence being established his duchy should be restored to him. His Holiness laid these propositions before the ambassadors today, and it was again resolved that they should be disregarded. Letters have been intercepted from Milan to the Imperialists here, stating that the people had three times risen up against them. Will write more at length tomorrow. Rome, 19 June 1526. Signed.
	Lat., cipher, mutilated, pp. 2.
Ib. f. 68.	2. Decipher of the foregoing.
	Mutilated, pp. 2.
20 June. Vit. B. VIII. 87. B. M.	2263. GHINUCCI to [WOLSEY].
	"Ill. ac R. &c. Præter ea quæ communibus literis continentur pauca sunt dicenda. Hoc autem tacendum non putavi, viz., quod indi[es] ... exercitus Pontificis et Venetorum, sed præcipue Venetorum, lente aliquantulum in Lombardia procedere videtur; hoc autem, quoad Venetos, propterea causari audio, quod judicent sine auxilio et favore Gallorum non posse secure a[d] manuum consertionem devenire; quo vero ad Pontificem etiam inde causari puto, non tamen ut audio, quod si concurrerent Veneti, per eum propterea staret. Itaque existimo hos exercitus parum facturos donec sentiant Gallorum equites gravis armaturæ, vel saltem Helvetios, quorum in Italia adventum Rex Galliæ curaturus est, montes descendisse; et eo magis hoc credo quod putant Pontifex et Veneti ducem Mediolani non esse in eo periculo in quo se esse dixit, immo posse adhuc obsidionem per plures hebdomadas sustinere; de quo quidem duce conqueruntur Pontifex et Veneti, asserentes quod ex hac sua fictione coegit eos immature et præcipitanter, Gallis non expectatis, arma sumere; ex quo successit quod lente processum fuit et debiliter, unde audaciam sumpsere Cæsarei; quod si veritatem, ut debebat, dixisset, ipsi simul cum Gallis eodem tempore in castra venissent; quo viso verisimiliter Cæsarei, omissa obsidione arcis Mediolanensis, in aliquem locum se retraxissent, resque eorum satis ulterius, quam processerint, processissent.
	"Sunt itaque res in hoc statu. Licet dicunt et Pontificem et Venetos, quantum possint accelerare, ego puto, si verum sit ducem Mediolani posse adhuc obsidionem sustinere, sicque moram per aliquas hebdomadas non causaturam ut arx illa perdatur, magis expedire ut ad manuum consertionem non deveniatur. Omisso namque quod plura sunt his exercitibus capitu,—habet enim Pontifex tres capitaneos, et vulgare est dictum tot capita tot sententiæ;—omisso hoc, inquam, (præsertim quia misit Pontifex quendam Florentinum, cui multum tribuit et cui omnes capitanei se partituros promiserunt, de quo Pontifex dubitare non videtur, propterea quod non minus de eorum causa quam suæ S^tis agitur,) eorum exercitus ex Italis confectus est, quorum auctoritas, ut verum dicam, licet Italorum a nonnullis annis citra pauca fuit propterea quod bella in ea ab ultramontanis, Italis non admissis, facta fuerunt, sicque exercitati non sint, et tamen etiam in his, ut novit D. v. R., auctoritas multi facienda est; at exercitus Cæsareorum non solum ex ultramontanis sed ex consumatis militibus consistit, non habent tot capita, nullam sperant nisi ex victoria salutem. Hæc omnia ita mihi dubiam exparte confæderatorum victoriam faciunt ut putem sine Gallis Helvetiis magis expedire quod supersedeatur, quam ut ad prælium deveniatur. Bene verum est quod si tempus interponatur poterunt munire Cæsarei civitates, quas tenent, commeatibus. Populi, ex innata varietate et etiam ex fatigatione, forsan cum Cæsareis convenient. Omnia sunt seriatim cum Pontifice examinata, qui magis tendere videtur ut procedatur, quamvis multum cupere videatur ut veniant Galli et Helvetii, jusseritque ut instantissime rogemus D. v. R. ut hoc curare dignetur. Deus faciat ut quod melius est pro confæderatis succedat, quod sperandum, est, cum causa eorum justissima sit, secus autem in Cæsare.
	"Non omittam dicere D. v. R. quod, ut alias scripsi, qui sciunt conclusam confæderationem id solum Angliæ tribuunt, aperte dicentes, quod nisi oratores Regis Angliæ viriliter apud Regem Galliæ instetissent ipse Rex conclusionem fœderis per multum tempus procrastinasset; omnesque putant, et præsertim Pontifex, in his tepide processisse et procedere. His itaque sic stantibus, præsertim cum S. D. N. in eadem opinione perseveret, ostendatque quod adhuc non omnino se tutum de Rege Galliæ teneret, nisi auctoritas S. Regiæ M^tis et R. D. v. interveniret, cui pro certo tenet Regem Galliæ omnino tributurum, puto non ab re futurum si D. v. R. non solum ex mente Pontificis, continue sua solita dexteritate et agilitate, suspicionem hanc tollere conetur, sed etiam Regem Galliæ animet et excitet [et] tepiditatem, quæ forte a nimia erga filios affectione, quod a forti abesse debet, procedit, ab eo tollat, efficiatque ut ita in actionibus suis se gerat, quod confæderati ejus exemplo viriliorem animum induentes, hilarius et animosius procedant.
	"Dum autem essem in sermone cum S. D. N. de oblatis sibi per Hugonem de Moncada, dixissemque quod nec via belli nec alias potuisset plus S^tas sua habere quam sibi oblatum fuerit, tamen quod magis volebat fidem suam servare quam totum mundum habere, ego postquam ejus sinceritatem et fidem laudaveram, subjunxi, quod præter id quod decebat suam S^tem fidem servare, illis præsertim qui nunquam ei defecerant, prout est Regia M^tas, etiam id facere ei expediebat, et quod non putaret ullo modo Cæsarem secum bene procedere, sed ad hoc tendere, ut quoquo modo possent eum in præceps traherent; si enim S^tas sua in sententiam corum se trahi permitteret, ita ut confæderatos derelinqueret, nullo modo verebar quin Rex Galliæ cum Cæsare, quomodocumque posset, concordaret, et S. noster Rex neglectus (fn. 3) a Pontifice cum illis conveniret, ex quo majus sibi præjudicium succedere potuisset, quam afferre voluisset utilitas commoditasque quæcumque sibi per Cæsarem oblata. Admisit quod dixi, replicans tamen quod non metus sed honestas et debitum in promissorum observatione cum continebat.
	"In his quæ superioribus diebus S. D. N. nobiscum discussit super tentatis per Hugonem, licet status rerum videretur mihi exigere ut ita responderetur prout responsum fuisse per communes scribitur, non tantum propterea alienum ab officio meo visum est, ut quantum in me esset conarer conclusionem universalis pacis illi reservari qui illius principii auctor fuit. Cum itaque dubium non sit principiis universalis pacis a particulari pace inter Regem nostrum et Regem Gallorum cæpisse, et successive ex concluso fœdere, quod etiam opera Regis nostri et D. v. R. successit, incrementum succedisse, decens videtur ut etiam conclusio ipsius pacis Regi nostro et D. v. R. reservatur, illique plus honoris pertinget qui plus laboravit, quique majori se periculo exposuit, et qui ob bonum publicum majorem sibi in privatis jacturam intulit. Si itaque res ad hoc tendere videbo quantum mea imbecillitas et insufficientia patietur debito meo satisfaciam. Alia non occurrunt," &c. Rome, 20 June 1526.
	Cipher, mutilated, one leaf separated from the rest.
Vit. B. VIII. 73.	2. Decipher of the foregoing.
	Mutilated.
20 June. Lettere di Principi, I. 215.	2264. GIBERTO to GAMBARA.
	Last evening I sent you a duplicate of the enclosed, by way of Venice; but I expect it will arrive after this. This morning don Ugo returned to the Pope, and received the same reply as before, that the Pope would do nothing without the participation of his confederates. We shall pursue the war with vigor, hoping for aid from the King, but of a better sort than is indicated in the letters which the cavalier (Gregory) Casale brought to the Pope today, and which state that the King will be content to contribute 25,000 ducats per month, on receiving security that the money will be repaid him. But this loan, although a great convenience, for which we should be much obliged to his Majesty, is not such as is required by the necessity, the enormous expence and the poverty of the Pope and of Italy, which is exhausted, owing to past wars. It would be a great misfortune to us if that fountain of the King and Cardinal's liberality, which has ever so bountifully succored their other confederates, should be denied to him who will feel himself more deeply obliged than any one before. Insist on better [terms] and on a free [gift], when money comes thence; and let it come speedily, anyhow. (fn. 4)
	As I did not know what Guicciardini wrote to you when he sent the mandate, in order to learn how to reply to you touching the re-construction of the League, I inquired the Pope's opinion, of which I have informed you in the other letter. In any change which may be made no heavier burden is to be laid on the Pope than that to which he is bound by the conclusion already made. With regard to the King's honor, whether he choose to be [nominated as] author or protector [of the league], his Holiness will take care that he shall be fully satisfied. In the hope that his Majesty will contribute, not a loan, but a gift, towards this enterprise, an article has been inserted that, on the liberation of Italy, a state of 30,000 ducats [yearly revenue] in the kingdom of Naples shall be given to his Majesty, and one of 10,000 to the Cardinal, as some token of gratitude, and as an eternal memorial of their beneficence; though it is regarded as certain that neither his Majesty nor the Cardinal have any other object than their own honor and glory in doing good to Christendom according to ancient custom, and in succoring poor oppressed Italy.
	Some days ago the Auditor (Ghinucci) obtained a dispensation for the nephew of "Monsignor Linanien" (the bishop of Lincoln ?) I do not know whether it is the same as that mentioned in your letters; but if it be another affair, I will see that his Lordship is contented in this matter also. Thank him for every opportunity which he gives me of rendering him service, and of showing the respect in which I hold him. Commend me to him and to the other lords and friends whom you know.
	This letter has been delayed; the courier ought to have left two days ago. Since the first insurrection the people of Milan have remained in arms, although the Spaniards have endeavored to pacify them. Some negotiations have taken place between them. On the 18th, as the signor Antonio da Lieva was passing through Milan, he met a gentleman who did not take off his hat to him; (fn. 5) and, being incensed at this, he caused him to be murdered. Such cruelty aroused the wrath of the populace, who in great fury took up arms, hastened to the Corte Vecchia, where stood a guard of 100 Neapolitan infantry, who were all massacred, with numerous other Spaniards and lanceknights who were found scattered over the country. The populace could have done much more if they had had a head and counsel; but fire being set to several houses by the lanceknights, the violence of the people ceased. The Spaniards have drawn nearer to Milan, and imprisoned some gentlemen who were influential with the people.
	Yesterday don Ugo [de Moncada], for the third time, received a refusal from the Pope to make an agreement with the Emperor. He will depart for Lombardy, where they will diligently attend to their defence. On our part, we are not slack in making all preparations. I send you a copy of a letter which don Ugo wrote from Siena to the Emperor, showing the diffidence which the enemy have in their affairs, and that they intend to draw fresh troops from Spain into Italy, feeling sure of not being molested in any other quarter. Endeavor to obtain the authority of the King and Cardinal in soliciting the French to send us the promised supplies of men and money, and the fleet, which is very necessary for the Genoese enterprise, and to keep all these seas so well guarded that no great armada nor any ships may be able to bring troops from Spain. Above all, cause France to be urged to make brisk war on Navarre and the borders of Flanders, in order that the Emperor may have to attend to his own defence. I am writing to M. Roberto [Acciaiolo] on the subject, but I know how much the authority of the King and Cardinal can do to cause the French to come speedily, besides the obligation which they are under to do so by the confederation, which the Pope observes ad unguem. If, also, money be sent us from England, we shall be happy indeed. Rome, 20 June 1526.
	Ital.
20 June. R. O. Rym. XIV. 177.	2265. FRANCIS I.
	Commission to John Joachim for a treaty of mutual obligation with England. Angoulême, 20 June 1526.
	Lat. Signed and sealed.