Henry VIII: July 1521, 1-15 | British History Online

Pages 555-575

Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 3, 1519-1523. Originally published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1867.

Citation:

July 1521



1 July. Galba, B. VII. 59. B. M.	1380. SPINELLY to [WOLSEY].
	Wrote last on the 27th June, by Antony, usher of the Emperor's chamber, who went to England after the Audiencer, "with his despatch, containing, as the Emperor, my Lady, the lord Berghes and the Chancellor showed me, like resolution as was before to me declared for the answer upon the contents of your grace's writings, dated the 20th and 23rd, and also all the particulars of the news of Spain, and invasions made by the Frenchmen against the realm of Castile." The Emperor has since heard that the French have sent a number of lanceknights and horse towards Navarre to join their first army, but as they will take 40 days on the road, it is thought the Constable will do the best he can before their arrival, wherein amongst these noblemen of Spain I find different opinions. Some think the French, being inferior in power and in want of victuals, will be driven out; others say they will quarter their army in Pampeluna and Stella till their succors come, where they will lack no victuals, and will not be easily driven out in the Emperor's absence, especially considering the variance between the Constable and the duke of Naggere touching the command of the army; the Duke claiming it as viceroy of Navarre, and the Constable as the Emperor's lieutenant general in Castile. Wise men think they will prefer the interest of the crown to their private quarrels, yet that if the French have determined to keep those two towns, Alva and Fonseca will not find it easy to expel them. I will be more easy in winter than in summer, when the French can have no victuals from beyond the mountains, and will be unable to keep Navarre, while the Spaniards hold Maya and the towns upon the frontier.
	To promote the Emperor's going into Spain I advised the Duke and Fonseca to urge the Emperor to the truce. They said they had already persuaded him to it, but for no longer than six months, and on condition that the French should not make any fortification or repairs; and other conditions; to which I believe they will not agree. Am told by Berghes and the Chancellor that the Emperor is making all preparations; and since I last wrote, lord Ligney has been appointed to bring 600 horse, who told me yesterday he was to leave this morning, and by the 20th inst. to have his company. All other lords make the best provision according to the number granted. The Bp. of Luke is gone to his country to set forward his portion. The Emperor's gentlemen and pensioners have been warned by the Great Master to be horsed and barded by the said time. Two servants of Francis Seken are come; I cannot tell for what, but I suppose to have the money and perform the covenants made with the Emperor; because the Chancellor told me this morning at dinner that I should see shortly that though the Emperor was young, he had a great heart, and many lords of Almain would serve him, though the King would not assist him. The Swiss were to have kept a diet on St. John's Day, at the request of the French, "for to give or deny them (fn. 1) 6,000 men demanded, and after the news from thence they shall have none." Nassau will not besiege Bolion, but remain with his army in a strong place on the Mase. The Emperor did not accept the offers of the estates, but commanded them to come before him on the 4th inst., thinking that the good will showed by those of Flanders will induce them to do more than they promised. While I was with the Chancellor this morning, the Emperor sent him word that the King of Denmark had arrived at Antwerp, he could not tell with what company. The Emperor had intended to leave for Antwerp on Wednesday, but will now stay till the Monday after to receive the said King. I will send another post within two days. Brussels, 1 July 1521. Signed.
	P.S. in Spinelly's hand:—Don Ferdinando, after the celebration of the marriage with great triumph, kept the estates of Austria, Styria, Carinthia and Carnyola, which have granted him 400,000 florins of gold, and was coming to a town in Tyrol where the estates were likewise assembled to grant an aid; after which he is expected here. The Emperor has sent the Admiral and others to the King of Denmark at Antwerp with horses for his own person, which is a token of his coming by sea.
	Pp. 6. The two parts of this letter are in different volumes.
1 July. R. O.	1381. [BERNARD DE MESA] BP. OF HELNA to WOLSEY.
	The Audiencer of the Emperor has arrived within this hour, sent in great haste on important business. Cannot sufficiently arrange matters to visit Wolsey tonight, but will do so tomorrow morning before dinner, or at any time convenient. Wolsey will hear pleasing news. London, 1 July 1521.
	It will not be advisable to send Wingfield before the audience. Signed: Paceñ ac Helneñ epus.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: R^mo, &c. card. Angliæ, s. sedis ap~licæ legato, &c. Endd.
1 July. R. O. Rym. XIII. 748.	1382. FRANCIS I.
	Letters under the great seal, consenting to an abstinence from war between himself and the king of Castile, and to an arbitration of their differences by the mediation of Henry VIII., who has undertaken to send a commissioner for that purpose to Calais. This abstinence is to extend to the king of Navarre and Robert de la Marck, provided it be observed strictly by Charles and his subjects. Argiliaci, 1 July 1521. Signed.
Cal. D. VIII. 136. B. M.	2. A contemporary copy.
R. O. St. P. I. 17.	1383. WOLSEY to HENRY VIII.
	"As I had made the expedition of Sir Richard Wingfield," Haneton, audiencer to the Emperor, arrived, whose charge was much the same as that made to your grace by the Emperor's ambassador; only, as the French king has surprised Navarre and besieged Lagroyne, the Emperor is loth to make any compromise, and demands aid against France of England, according to the treaties. "I have in such wise, by my going to Calais, under such from and manner as was concluded by your grace at your last being with your council, contented him, that I do perceive he shall not much press your grace for giving of assistance" until a straiter union be made betwixt the Emperor and the King. Though the Emperor desires the acceleration of Wolsey's journey to Calais, Wolsey has told the Audiencer he cannot repair thither without a promise from the Emperor to make no arrangement with France without the King's knowledge and consent, according to a minute which he sends; to which, after long debating, the Audiencer thought his master would agree. Wingfield will tell him more, and will be at Windsor with Haneton and the Emperor's ambassador tomorrow night. (fn. 2) Westminster.
	Hears from lord Berners that your money, as yet, has not come to Calais. This occasions suspicion. Signed.
	P.S.—Has received letters from lord Dacres, which he sends. The duke of Albany and the lords of Scotland have concluded in their Parliament to invade England on Sept. 2nd. My lord Steward (Shrewsbury) must be sent to prevent it. Has great difficulty to induce him to take this charge, in consequence of his bodily indisposition, as Sir Thos. Bulleyn will tell the King. Fears Albany will destroy the young king of Scotland.
	Add.
	ii. Minute enclosed of the oath to be taken by Charles V. that he will not treat with the French king without Henry's consent, while the cardinal of York is at Calais treating for a closer union between Charles and Henry, and of the variances between the former and the French king, provided that this closer union be concluded within three months after Wolsey's arrival at Calais.
	Lat., p. 1.
R. O.	2. Draft of the preceding minute, with corrections by Ruthal.
	Lat., p. 1.
2 July. R. O. St. P. VI. 73.	1384. FITZWILLIAM and JERNINGHAM to HENRY VIII.
	The Wednesday "after I (Fitzwilliam) departed from your grace, I arrived here, where the French king lieth." Was a whole day and half a night at sea. Landed at Sandgate, and was forced to take cart-horses to Boulogne. Next morning he and Jerningham went to Francis, requesting him to submit all differences to the king of England, which he has agreed to do in the largest manner. He also spoke of his big ship. Fitzwilliam desires to see it and the New Haven, and meet the Cardinal at Calais. As Jerningham's charge has expired, he wishes to know what he is to do. Dargilly, 2 July. Signed.
	Add. Endd.
2 July. Calig. D. VIII. 66. B. M.	1385. FITZWILLIAM and JERNINGHAM to [WOLSEY].
	On Wednesday after leaving you I arrived here, where the French king lies, two posts from Dijon towards Lyons, though I lay a day and half a night at sea; and at Sandgate, a league from Calais, could get nothing but cart-horses to Bullen. Having made Jerningham privy to my charge, went with him next morning to the court, and delivered to the French king the letters from the King and you, and afterwards the articles. Francis said he thought it strange that the King wished him to submit to his arbi- tration, for no king of France had ever bound himself in such fashion, but he would yield to the King's request as much as he could with honor. We said he might be sure the King would regard Francis's honor as his own. We then declared our credence, which he liked right well, and delivered the minutes of the compromise and truce; on which he promised to consult with his council, and give us an answer in two or three days.
	Went next to my Lady and the Admiral, and delivered the letters from the King and you. They promised to persuade the King to do as much as he could with honor. Asked the Admiral what day we should come for an answer. He said the King was lodged in a village, and his Chancellor and council were at a distance from the court; so he told us to wait till Sunday. Came to the court that morning, when the King looked more strangely upon us, and said he found the truce was as much for the Emperor's advantage as could be, as the Emperor would have time to put his army in readiness within the eight months, and he would be bound to give the Emperor's men passage through his countries by land and water, in harness or out of harness, provided they were not more than ... in a company, and if he submitted to the compromise, the King might do what he liked with France. We said the minutes of the compromise and truce had been drawn up only to show him your mind, and if he disliked any point, it should be amended, provided he gave the King power to act as mediator. This answer he took well, and said he would give the King as large powers as ever king of France granted for such a cause to Pope, Emperor, King or Cardinal. This he does only for the King's sake, for he was never more unwilling to treat with the Emperor, who has been spending 40,000 ducats to foment insurrection in Milan, when the Venetians came to aid the duchy with 3,000 foot and 500 spears. He says that when the truce is concluded, if the King is not satisfied with the authority conferred upon him, he will grant as full powers as any of his predecessors have done in like case.
	Went afterwards to my Lady, who said she thought everything in the truce, and the authority given by her son to the King, was well, except that the day of the truce was very short; but she hoped that when it was once made it would be lengthened. She could not bring her son to grant it for any longer space, but said that if it were once taken, she would tell us more. Think from this they would not be sorry to have peace. Went next to the Admiral, who said Francis thought it strange the King required him to be bound, and also took strangely some words uttered by the King, we know not to whom, that if he did not consent to this bond, the King would be obliged to aid the King Catholic. He said that yesterday the Pope's ambassador cautioned Francis against trusting the king of England, and Francis replied "that the amity he had with his ma[ster and] with all princes christened was in writing, and the amity he had [with the] King his brother was in his heart, and by words the one spo[ke to the] other; and there should no man make him to mistrust the [King his] brother till he saw with his eyes that he trusted never to see." From all we can see we think they desire peace above all things, though they try to disguise their wish; because, first, they think the [Emperor] better provided than they had expected; and, second, if they may rest with Navarre, they have what they desire. They say they have sent to their ambassador the [power] they have given to the King, and the truce sealed with the French king's seal. Enclose a copy, "for the same is in Latin, which we understand not." The French king told us that, notwithstanding this, he will reinforce his army in Navarre with 4,000 foot and 500 men-at-arms, as he hears the Spaniards are augmenting theirs. There is a report here that the Swiss are coming to perform the things agreed between them and the French.
	Beg to be recalled. Jerningham's charge is expired, and Fitzwilliam requests you to remember your promise, made when he left you. The French king desired me, Fitzwilliam, to visit his great ship on my way home. Was glad of the offer, being desirous to see the New Haven. Beg you will hasten the despatch of my successor, that I may go that way, view the haven, and meet you at Calais, to report upon it. Have not written to Wingfield of the contents of this letter, not knowing how you and the King would take the matter. According to Wolsey's last, which Jerningham received when Fitzwilliam was in England, the former spoke to the Admiral, as on his own account, for the payment of [the King's] money. He was very angry that the money [had not been] paid, and said that neither the King nor he knew [anything] thereof, and the fault was with the receiver. It should be paid without fault by the last of June. Have not despatched the post till today, as they promised that we should have the article, which we enclose, yesterday, and it was yesterday night before we got it. Asked the Admiral what persons were to come to Calais. He said they would fain know who were coming from the Emperor. Perceive, however, they will appoint men of the most credit, the Chancellor, the Admiral and Robertet. Dargilly, 2 July. Signed.
	Pp. 6, mutilated.
Calig. D. VIII. 74. B. M.	1386. [FITZWILLIAM and JERNINGHAM to WOLSEY.]
	Francis received news on the 2nd that the castle of Messancourt had surrendered on assault. The garrison desired that their lives might be spared, and ransoms accepted, which was granted. Spoke with the Admiral, who still puts us off from day to day, for an answer to the articles delivered by us, saying they have no answer yet from the frontiers; but we think they would that La Batie should be in England before we know what answer they will make; or else, as we have written before, they are about some enterprise.
	Draft, p. 1. In the hands of Fitzwilliam and Jerningham.
R. O. St. P. I. 22.	1387. WOLSEY to HENRY VIII.
	Have sent Sir Hen. Marney to declare to you the news sent by Fitzwilliam, and the charge of La Baty, but since then both the Emperor's ambassadors and myself think it necessary that the audiencer Haneton should go to the Emperor with Sir Ric. Wingfield to inform him of what the French king will consent to, and to persuade him to agree to the same, as they think he will, if the bond of promise be made to your grace according to the minute lately sent. Nothing now remains but to sign the letters I send by Richmond, and to write with your own hand to lady Margaret. At my poor house beside Westminster, this evening. Signed.
	Add.
	ii. Draft of the same, in Wolsey's hand.
3 July. Lettere di Principi, I. 93.	1388. LORENZO ALEANDRI DE' GALEAZZI to LUIGI ALEANDRO DE' GALEAZZI.
	Robert de la Marck has rebelled against the Emperor by counsel of his wife. Nassau, being sent against him with 12,000 or 14,000 men, has taken three places in a few days. Francis has sent Alen¸on with 20,000 men, who have crossed the Meuse, and forced Nassau to retire to Luxemburg. When the Emperor heard the news he raised his hands to Heaven and said, "O God, I praise thee that this war has not been begun by me, and that this king of France seeks to make me greater than I am! Thanks be to thee always that thou hast given me the means to defend myself. I hope shortly either I shall be a poor Emperor, or he a poor king of France." Francis has been assisting the king of Navarre's son, who has taken possession of the kingdom. It is expected to be a very great war, yet that it will not be expensive to the Emperor. The diet at Worms has promised him 20,000 foot, and 4,000 horse. Don Ferdinand is getting ready 10,000 foot and a number of horse from Austria, Carinthia and the Tyrol. The lords of Brabant and Flanders offer 1,000 lances for Burgundy, and five horses for every lance; the duke of Culiagli, 1,000 horse and 800 foot; the archbishop of Cologne, 800 horse and 300 foot.
	The king of Denmark, Charles's brother-in law, has come with great triumph to do him honor, and entered Brussels today. I have seen him. He is a man of 36 or 38 years of age, well formed, neither large nor small in person, with a black beard, and the face (effigie) of an Italian;—is said to be prudent and discreet. The Emperor, with all his court and a magnificent army, went more than ten miles to meet him, and gave him a grand reception, both for his relationship, and because they had never seen each other. The king of Denmark gives the Emperor 3,000 horse and 5,000 foot; the king of Portugal, who has married his other sister, gives him 10,000 foot for one year; the king of Hungary, who has married a third sister, gives 2,000 horse and 3,000 foot for one year; the bishop of Liege, De la Marck's brother, gives him 500 foot and 100 lances for one year. The Emperor has raised 12,000 foot and 800 horse, under Francis Seckinghem, which it is thought he will send with the cardinal of the Swiss to Milan. In Spain there are 25,000 men going to recover Navarre. The cities which had rebelled have yielded, and offer a good number of men. John de Patiglim (Padilla) and three other captains are beheaded. The bishop of Zamora is put in prison. All these troubles were stirred up by the king of France.
	Last Sunday, 30 June, the Emperor sent the Swiss cardinal into his country to turn the party that is in agreement with France, and to make them go with the duke of Barri, whose brother, the late duke of Milan, is still imprisoned in France. The French king gives him every year 36,000 cr., and he keeps a fine court, but can never hope to leave the country. 1,200 lances are expected from Naples, and 6,000 Spanish foot and men from High Germany. The Suabian league has risen against the duke of Wirtemberg, who was expelled by the emperor Maximilian, and is attempting to recover his duchy. The Emperor has ordered all his barons to be ready with their men on the 20th. He is making two armies of 150,000 men, the one in Spain, and the other against France. The French king has lately taken some merchant vessels in the English Channel, coming from Spain to Antwerp, on which the Emperor has seized the goods of all French merchants in Antwerp. The Emperor is much influenced by his aunt Margaret, whom he regards like a mother; and it is said she has often advised him to agree with France, but he has always answered, "No, Madame, if I were to agree with him now, in two months he would begin to give me trouble."
	Expects to leave for Antwerp in two days, from which we shall go to Calais. It is expected there will be another meeting (che si hanno a ritrovar) with the king and queen of England, and their daughter, now seven (fn. 3) years old, who was promised to the French king, but it is said for certain will be married to the Emperor, which will be the destruction of France. There has been a tumult in Milan, the king of France having attempted to levy a tax of 600,000 ducats. One of the Pallavicini has brought together 300 or 400, some say 800, of the outlaws. The nuptials of Don Ferdinand have been performed most sumptuously. The sentence of the Emperor and that of the university of Paris against Luther have been published in print. Brussels, 3 July 1521.
	Ital.
3 July. S. B.	1389. For JOHN ROOPER.
	To be Attorney General, during pleasure, with fees, and the appointment of officers. Del. Westm., 3 July 13 Hen. VIII.
3 July. S. B.	1390. For JOHN BISHOP OF EXETER.
	Pardon for the escapes of Nosery Byftowe, John Martyn, John Clerke and Richard Eggerton alias Wodehowse, committed to the Bishop's custody as convicted clerks. Del. Westm., 3 July 13 Hen. VIII.
4 July. S. B.	1391. The DUCHY OF CORNWALL.
	Appointment of John bp. of Exeter, Sir Hen. Marney, steward of the duchy of Cornwall, Sir John Arundell, receiver general of the same, Sir Peter Eggecombe, John Chamound, John Skewys, John Turnour, and Guthlac Overton, auditors, and Wm. Lowre, John Tregyan, Hen. Trecarell, Walter Borlace and Th. Cock, to be the King's commissioners and assessors of all lands, stanneries, &c. in Cornwall and Devon, belonging to the duchy of Cornwall. Del. Westm., 4 July 13 Hen. VIII.
	Pat. 13 Hen. VIII. p. 1, m. 19.
5 July. Harl. 6989. f. 4. B. M.	1392. ERASMUS to PACE.
	Wishes that some "Deus ex machina" would bring to a happy conclusion the tragedy which Luther has so inauspiciously begun. He has put a sword into the hands of his foes, and seems bent on his own destruction, though often advised by Erasmus and other friends to moderate the sharpness of his style. His bitterness is such, that even if all he writes were true, it would not turn to good account. Fears that the Jacobites and theologians will use their victory immoderately, especially those of Louvain, who have a private hatred against Erasmus, and have found a most convenient instrument for that purpose in Aleander. He is furious enough by nature, and requires no additional prompting. The most abusive pamphlets fly about on all sides; all of which Aleander attributes to Erasmus, though of many he had never heard except from Aleander. Luther acknowledges his own books, and attributes the "Captivity of Babylon" to Erasmus. Must be very prolific to produce so many books while so hard at work in revising the New Testament and correcting St. Augustine, besides other studies. There is not a syllable of his in all Luther's books, and he has never published anything abusive.
	They are now showing that Luther has taken a great deal from his books, as if he had not taken still more from Paul's Epistles. Sees now that the Germans wish to drag him into Luther's affairs, against his will. It is a foolish plan, more likely to alienate him. What help could he give Luther, if he shared his danger, except that two would perish for one? Cannot sufficiently admire the spirit in which he writes. He has taught many things, but spoilt them by intolerable evils. Every one has not strength for martyrdom. Fears that if any tumult were to arise he would imitate St. Peter; and therefore follows Popes and Emperors when they make good laws, and bears with them when they pass bad ones. They are again attacking him for the dialogue upon Julius; and leave nothing untried to hinder, not so much him as learning, which they do not like to see so flourishing. Christ will protect him, whose cause all his writings will serve when Luther has departed in ashes. Everywhere preachers and theologiane are sounding their own praises. Wise princes should take care that laws be not relaxed, and this rage let loose against men who are harmless, and deserve well of the Christian religion. Refers him to the letter to More. Asks to be commended to the Cardinal. Brussels, 3 non. Jul. 1521.
	Hol., Lat., pp. 2.
f. 5.	ii. Transcript of the above, incorrect.
R. O. St. P. VI. 74.	1393. WOLSEY to FITZWILLIAM and JERNINGHAM.
	After sending his last their servant arrived; and Labaty delivered to the Cardinal the French king's commission for arbitrating the differences between him and the Emperor. They are therefore not to deliver Wolsey's last letters to Francis, but say that "the King and I, being contented" with his proposal, will refuse no labor to establish unity; that it was never intended "to bring the Emperor to semblable bonds" without the full knowledge and consent of the French king. This desire of mediation does not proceed from the Emperor, who cannot condescend to it, since the surprise of Navarre, without derogation to his honor, but from the king of England, who has with great difficulty prevailed upon him to send chief personages of his council to meet Wolsey at Calais. The King has despatched Sir Richard Wingfield with Haneton to persuade the Emperor to accept one of the three ways proposed by Francis. Begs that Francis will consent that Wolsey's coming to Calais may be deferred till the end of the month instead of the 25th; "wherein I trust the French king will make no difficulty, considering that the same respite is only desired for the commodity of my transporting without any colour, covyne or fraud."
	Draft, headed: The copy of my lord Cardinal's letters to Sir William Fitzwilliam and Sir Richard Jernyngham. Endd.
Galba, B. VII. 43. B. M.	1394. SIR RICHARD WINGFIELD.
	Instructions to Sir Richard [Wingfield] "touching such answer as he shall make to the Emperor upon the overtures committed to him on the said Emperor's behalf to be declared to the King's highness."
	After delivery of the King's letters in answer to those brought by him from the Emperor, he is to say that although the King, hearing his charge, had caused his expedition to be made, yet on learning the arrival of Haneton, he delayed him till the latter should have had audience. As the sole object of his charge relates to the coming of Wolsey to Calais, whose despatch was specially desired by the Emperor, he is to say the King has determined to send him to Calais by the end of this month; and though the King formerly demanded letters of compromise to be made by the Emperor, authorizing him to act as mediator with the French king, yet as he understands from the Audiencer that this is objected to, the King is willing that, on the Emperor desiring him by letters to send the Cardinal to Calais, and requesting the Cardinal by like letters to come, and binding himself to the King not to treat with France in the meantime in the manner contained in a minute delivered to the said Sir Richard, the Cardinal shall, on the receipt of those writings, immediately accelerate his setting forth.
	Touching the letters of requisition, the King desires them, because, having no authority in authentic writing, and not yet having been required by the parties to be a mediator, he could not with honor either meddle himself, or send the Cardinal to discuss the matters at variance, as on his arrival at Calais they might refuse to treat with him. The English ambassador at the French court has been charged to make instance for similar letters from the French king. Neither the King nor the Cardinal will do anything in the matter without the Emperor's knowledge and consent.
	In Ruthal's hand, draft, p. 1.
6 July. Mon. Habs. 219.	1395. The BISHOP OF ELNA and HANETON to CHARLES V.
	Haneton arrived about noon on Monday. Informed the Cardinal immediately, knowing that Wingfield had his despatch to return to the Emperor. Wolsey ordered them to attend on him instantly, which they did, and found Wingfield there ready to start. He was commanded by Wolsey to wait till he had heard their charge. On asking that the King should declare for Charles, Wolsey answered that he would do it willingly, observing the conditions of the treaties, which should be examined by learned men. Answered that by the treaty of Canterbury he was bound to give prompt assistance. This he denied, because at the beginning and end of the said treaty it is stated that the two princes shall be bound by the arrangements made by Wolsey and the late marquis d'Arschot, which came to nothing. Said that there were many clauses which could not refer to such arrangements, and by these clauses the two princes are bound to assist each other in case of invasion by France. He disputed it, and at length said that Wingfield's despatch disagreed with their charge; for they insisted on the declaration and aid, while Charles did not intend to compromise his differences with France, or to grant a truce. He asked them how he could cross the sea to meet imperial deputies without incurring suspicion from France, but offered to do so if he could with honor. We said the King might send him to Calais in accordance with the overtures made by Francis, when these matters could be treated of without suspicion. He replied that he would not cross without authority, and without a cessation of war. Replied, that authority would come from Francis, according to his writing, and that the Emperor would not grant it before him, and would by no means grant a truce. After consideration he offered to cross on two conditions:—1. If the Emperor would promise not to treat with the French while he was across the sea, and until the matters between him and England were settled: 2. If, on his arrival at Calais, he were authorized to cause hostilities to cease. Said that the demand for such a promise was not honorable, and would make the Emperor think he was not trusted; that they had no charge about a truce, to which the Emperor could not honorably consent.
	On this he took leave of them, bidding them return at nine the next day, and asked them to consider these overtures, or to devise others, by which he could pass to Calais with honor. Waited on him at the hour fixed, and found with him Mons. de Durem, the master of the Rolls, and Wingfield. He showed them a minute, drawn up by himself and the others, sc. that during the communication between the deputies of Charles and Francis, and until the principal matters are concluded between Charles and Henry, the former should not be able to treat with the French without the seal and consent of the latter; and he maintained that Henry was not bound to aid Charles until the conditions and solemnities mentioned in the treaty were performed, and asked their advice about the form of the letters requiring Francis and Charles to send their deputies. Again said they had no power to devise or make any writings, but that the Emperor would sooner consent to the obligation if it was reciprocal. Remained at his house all day debating these conditions, both before and after dinner. The Cardinal finally said, they should go the next day to the King, who was at Windsor. Were accompanied by Wingfield, and on their arrival were conducted to their lodging in the house of the Dean of the Chapel, within the castle. Pace and Wingfield supped with them, and the former brought word from the King, on his return from hunting, that he would see them the next morning. Pace and Wingfield came to them the next morning between 10 and 11, and after some conversation with the duke of Suffolk and "le conte Duxcestre" (earl of Worcester?) in a hall adjoining the King's chamber, were told that the King would dine before seeing them, and that they were to dine with the said lords and my lord Acant (of Canterbury ?).
	After dinner, were taken to his chamber; presented the letters and declared the charge to him. He received them kindly, but said he could not declare himself promptly, for many reasons; among others, that he had not been called upon in time according to the treaties, for which he was very sorry; that his declaration could only damage the Emperor, for the enemy was prepared, and he was not. He thinks the Emperor should merely defend himself, at as little expense as possible, until they have determined the time and manner of a joint expedition, but he cannot declare himself till such determination be made. He agrees with Wolsey's plan, that he should be sent to Calais, under color of hearing the grievances of both parties; and when he cannot arrange them, he should withdraw "vers vostre mageste," to treat of the matters aforesaid. But for all our remonstrances he will not declare himself, or forbear insisting on the obligation. Wingfield has been despatched to explain his intentions. Both the King and Cardinal talked for a long time about the Emperor's affairs, and said he ought to return to Spain, for his affairs there would never be in order without his presence. The Cardinal said he had heard of contentions between the duke of Najara and the Constable, which retarded the reduction of Navarre. They warn him not to enter France and incur great expense until they have arranged a joint expedition. He agrees with them that the time is propitious for the recovery of what he and his predecessors have always claimed, but that a joint expedition is necessary. The Cardinal proposes a league of the Pope, the Emperor, England, Portugal, Denmark, Hungary, the Duke of Savoy, the Swiss, and others. They say, as neither Power is ready for action, a truce is necessary to put the Low Countries into a state of safety, which Henry promises to protect in his absence, and to arrange for his return to Spain.
	To their objection that a truce could not be made without the consent of his Spanish subjects, and other friends and allies, they say it ought not to be opposed, its object being merely to gain the King's aid, and to put affairs in safety. They think some success should be gained on his part, before the truce. They say they are sure of the Pope, and understand that the king of France is not so sure of the Swiss as he gives out. The said King has excused the nonpayment of the pension for last May on account of his great expenses, and asks Henry to lend him a sum of money, which he declines, on account of his own expenses, and the suspicion it might cause. They have not heard from France for 15 days. Have always insisted on a reciprocal promise of not treating with France, if they wished for one from the Emperor; but they will nowise agree to it, saying the cases are not similar, for they have treaties with France as good as they could wish, and that when they declare for you, the pensions from France will be immediately lost.
	While writing, have received his letters stating that the king of Denmark has arrived at Antwerp. Informed Wolsey immediately, but he had heard of it, and showed them letters he had prepared from Henry to the Emperor and the said King, in congratulation for his arrival. Found Wingfield there, ready to set out. Both the Cardinal and the King have great trust in him. He has fulfilled the Emperor's charge faithfully, and has benefited his affairs by his arrival. He bears a despatch in reply to his charge and to theirs, a proposition for abstinence of war, and a minute of the obligation for not treating with France. Haneton will remain till he hears the Emperor's pleasure. London, 6 July 1521.
	Wolsey has just sent for them, and shown them letters from France, mentioning the convention of Calais, and the form of the abstinence of war which Francis will accept, a copy of which was given to Wingfield to show to the Emperor. He also desired Haneton to go with Wingfield. He intends therefore to start tomorrow morning. Signed.
	Fr.
6 July.	1396. For the CONVENT OF ST. MILBURGA, WENLOK, Heref. dioc.
	Assent to the election of Rowland Gosenell as prior of the monastery, vice Ric. Syngar. Westm., 6 July.
	Pat. 13 Hen. VIII. p. 1, m. 12.
P.S.b.	ii. Petition of Th. Smyth, subprior, and the convent, for the above. 24 June 1521.
6 July.	1397. For the NUNNERY OF NONNETON, COV. and Lich. dioc.
	Assent to the election of Agnes Olton as prioress, vice Eliz. Hasilrig. Westm., 6 July.
	Pat. 13 Hen. VIII. p. 1, m. 12.
R. O. St. P. VI. 78.	1398. SPINELLY to WOLSEY.
	Wrote last on the 7th. Has spoken with the lord of Isselstein respecting the troops, which will be little less than 40,000 foot and 10,000 horse. They have brought hither 40 great pieces of ordnance of the emperor Maximilian's that were at Lyndo, and have provided ammunition, so that the French king is is in great danger. Their money is principally that left by Chievres; and with other aids they will lack no money. Nassau is in great estimation, and is totally minded to serve the Emperor. The duke of Alba Founteseca, with other noblemen of Spain, are preparing for the war. The Swiss will not serve the French. Sevenbarg has gone to cardinal Sion. The Emperor is sending into Spain, by England, D. Urtado, de Mendosa, to acquaint the council of Castile with the Emperor's intention to invade France. Jer. Adorno has landed on the coast of Genoa, and taken Chavery. An insurrection is expected in Milan. It is said that the Pope has declared for the Emperor. Lescue had arrived on the 22nd at Parma, and by a trick had nearly taken possession of Rigeo, belonging to the Pope. Several were hurt; among others, Alexander Triulcio. Understands that the Pope has sent to the Swiss, and will attack the French in Milan. The Emperor leaves this afternoon for Mechlin, Antwerp and Ghent. Signed.
	Add.
8 July. R. O.	1399. PACE to WOLSEY.
	The King still complains of pains in his head, "and reaumes falling out of the same," so that he will not be able to write to the lady Margaret with his own hand, and you can order the matter as you please. He is surprised that the French king has not sent the money to Calais, as the day of payment is so far past; but he does not "mislike" the French news you sent yesterday, especially in two points, that Francis will grant him as great authority in mediation as any of his predecessors have done in like case, and that the truce may be prorogued by him. Windsor, 8 July.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: To my lord Cardinal's grace and legate de latere.
8 July. R. O.	1400. CAMPEGGIO to WOLSEY.
	As the English ambassador tells me a courier leaves tomorrow, I write as usual, although there is no news of importance. Troops are being levied everywhere against the French by authority of the Emperor, whom the Pope openly favors. Although it is reported that both armies are waiting the signal for battle, and every possible exertion is made to collect troops, there are people who think that peace is discussed, and that the matter rests with the King, who will soon hold a conference, as they say, with the Emperor. Others say that you will meet the Emperor at Brussels, and arrange the whole matter. All expect some great deed worthy of yourself and the King, and which will show your affection for the Holy See. It is rumored that the citadel of Milan has been struck by lightning. This has caused great terror, and the superstitious observe that the Pope declared for the Emperor on the same day. Rome, 8 July 1521. Signed.
	Lat., pp. 2. Add.: R. &c. card. Ebor. Angliæ primati ac S. D. N. et sedis Ap'licæ legato.
8 July. S. B.	1401. For RIC. LYSTER.
	To be Solicitor General during good conduct, with an annuity of 10l. Del. Westm., 8 July 13 Hen. VIII.
	Pat. 13 Hen. VIII. p. 1, m. 17.
9 July. Vit. B. IV. 122. B. M.	1402. CLERK to [WOLSEY].
	Received his letter dated xx .. June. Disclosed to the Pope the King's anxiety to make peace with him, the French king and the Emperor. The French king will consent to a truce of a year, remitting to the King the disputes between him and the Emperor; and though the Emperor is at present unwilling, until the injuries done him in Navarre are redressed, the King thinks he will be persuaded. Told the Pope that the King intended to send Wolsey over to Calais for that purpose, and thinks that some notable person should be sent to the congress from the Pope. He answered that the King's highness, at the writing of his last letters, knew little "what presumption and insolency the Frenchmen had us[ed] with his Holiness lately, and showed me how that very lately, long since the practice begun of this arbitrament, the French king sent unto his Holiness," desiring to obtain a brief from him that he should not make any arbitrament with the Emperor. The Pope wishes the King to be informed of this, how he had refused. He also complained that the French king never observed his word or his treaty with the Pope, had supported the duke of Urbino against him and the duke of Ferrara, although he is bound to deliver Ferrara to the Pope, and has even comprehended the Duke in the last league with the Swiss. His Holiness says that so long as he is ruled by his mother and the Admiral, his word is not to be taken, and that the Admiral had 4,000 ducats from the Duke; the French king's mother a coffer of gold, worth 5,000; Lautrec many presents. The Pope will not give his consent to anything to be done between the French king and the Emperor, as he knows that the former will break the league when he feels inclined. He says it is high time to punish the insolence of France, and he will spend his blood to drive them out of Italy.
	Then Clerk demanded, why Francis had asked for a brief? The Pope replied," Ut posset ostendere breve, et facere me odibilem principibus." He thinks that the king of England should not make any peace between the French and the Emperor, and is unwilling to consent to it, for he has seized on Reggio, and is too dangerous in Italy; the King would do better to assist in restraining him; and if any such arbitrament were made it would be lost labor. No other decision touching "the ways of arbitrament" could Clerk obtain from him. He declines sending an envoy to Calais, and asked when the King intended to cross the sea. Clerk told him, as soon as the two sovereigns and his holiness were agreed, and had authorised Henry to act as arbitrator. The Pope said he would send a Cardinal if there were time, but declines sending De Medici, whose presence at Florence is needful to keep the commonalty in order. He is consulted by the Pope in all things. The Pope acknowledges that he told the French ambassador that my lady princess (Mary) should marry the Emperor, as it was openly talked about. On Clerk taxing him that they reported out of Germany that his Holiness had signified to the Emperor that he would have concluded with him, had he not been dissuaded by Clerk, he exclaimed, "Ipsi mentiuntur de nobis. Absit quod talia unquam faceremus." And upon Clerk telling him that though the King had been credibly informed, yet he could not believe that he would for his honor divulge what the King told him for his interest, the Pope asseverated that such words never passed his lips. Thinks the Pope will not remain neutral, as he has joined the Emperor; "and as the Emperor and the King's highness do, he will be ready always to do the same ... And so he bringeth in always the King's highness in all such manner communications. What he meaneth thereby I cannot tell." Has remonstrated on his so soon joining the Emperor, without effect. They are all so bent on "down with the Frenchmen," whom they think weak, and the Emperor strong. They have been so badly treated by the French that a rebellion is likely to break out.
	Has talked with the Pope's counsel, but cannot perceive that the Pope intends to send to Calais any others than are now at Rome; if any, "it shall be the card. Campeggio." Card. de Medici is now at Florence, and has appointed a person for Clerk to see when he has anything to do with the King's matters. Card. de Medici shall have knowledge of Wolsey's pleasure on every point. The card. St. George is dead. Card. Cibo, the Pope's nephew, has his office; Card. de Medici, his house at Rome. Rome, 9 July.
	Pp. 13, mutilated. The cipher and latter part in Clerk's own hand.
Vit. B. IV. 100. B. M.	2. Decipher of the above, pp. 8.
9 July. Vit. B. IV. 152–3 and 129–30. B. M.	1403. CLERK to [WOLSEY].
	On the 29th ult. a courier left with Wolsey's bulls of legation, and such faculties the like of which have not been seen in England for many years. He was sent by way of Almaine because of the breach between the Pope and the French. The former is very angry with France for invading Reggio; otherwise he would not so soon have made an agreement with the Emperor. The Pope says he has not yet come to any conclusion. He has, however, gone so far that he cannot retract. He has given the investiture of Naples, and taken, last St. Peter's Day, "a white horse right freshly and richly decked for the homage and cense thereof." On Clerk remonstrating with him for so doing without consulting England, as he had promised, the Pope said, "What will you that we should do, these Frenchmen be so proud? They be of such power, and we be so nigh their danger ... Wherefore high necessity compelleth us now to fall in with these Spaniards, and to grant unto them many things." Yesterday the Pope sent for him, and told him that Francis had excused himself for what had been done at Reggio, but his deputies in the duchy of Milan daily send letters to threaten his Holiness. He said "that the Frenchmen had already sent forwards fourteen great pieces of artillery by a river called the Po;" and the Venetians had raised a power in Brescia, which the French boast is at their disposal. He desires that the French King should be advertised from England to desist. He complains much of their double-dealing, and has sent 500 men-at-arms and 6,000 foot to Reggio. The Emperor is drawing forces towards the confines of Milan. The marquis of Mantua is captain-general of the Pope's army, and has with him Prosper Colonna, an experienced general. The lord Manfrede Palavisyn has been taken, and discovery made by him of certain treatises written in Milan against the French. Several Milanese gentlemen, to avoid suspicion, have offered to leave the city. It is thought the French are making these preparations to secure Milan. A tower in the castle there has been struck down by thunder, which is interpreted as an omen of the extermination of the French power. The duke of Albany's factor at Rome reports that his master will be shortly in Scotland, and with him Rose Blanche. Has been at considerable expense in despatching couriers. Wishes Wolsey to speak with Brian Tuke about making arrangements in the matter. The Pope has sent him copies of letters from divers parts, indicating great preparations for war in Brescia, Cremona, &c., which the Pope thinks are against Reggio and intended to assist the duke of Ferrara.
	Here follows a copy of one of the letters in Latin, from the governor of Milan to the captain of the Swiss in the Pope's service._Would have come instead of writing, had it been safe. All messengers sent that way are treated like enemies. Requests that he and his troops will come over to the King's service, as they will be well treated. Will send to the magnificos of the league to allow some of their adherents to take the pay of the French king. Gaziani, 3 July.
	Rome, 9 July 1521.
	Hol., Lat., cipher, mutilated, pp. 8.
Vit. B. IV. 117.	2. Decipher of the above.
9 July. R. O.	1404. CAMPEGGIO to [WOLSEY].
	P.S.—Since writing, heard of your journey for the reconciliation of the two Kings. Arrangements are being made for sending a legate, and my name is mentioned. Am very desirous to go and be with you on such a distinguished mission. The time seems to have arrived which my secretary tells me you foresaw a year ago. Would be thankful if you would write to the English ambassador, to ask that I may be sent. Rome, 9 July 1521. Signed.
	Lat., p. 1. A postscript.
Nero, B. VI. 23. B. M.	1405. NEWS.
	"Extracte d'aucunes nouvelles." 1. The Pope has ordered his ambassador with the Emperor to urge his Majesty to fulfil his promise of invading France without loss of time. 2. The cardinal of Sion has levied 6,000 foot in the Tyrol, to go by Valtolyna towards Milan to join the Grisons and the French rebels. He is also very urgent with the Emperor that no time be lost, as also are the Electors, who are most favorable to peace, now they see the enterprise is successful. 3. The bishops of Treves and Cologne will come to the Emperor at Namur. 4. A baron named Frynsbarghe has levied 6,000 foot in Swartzfale, and offers voluntarily to serve the Emperor, as do the count Nurberghe and others. 5. The estates of Flanders, Brabant, Holland, Zealand and Hainault pay 30,000 foot and 10,000 horse for three months, and promise to continue it during the war. Antwerp also gives a large sum. 6. The cardinal of St. George is dead. It is reported that cardinal Cibo, the Pope's nephew, will be chamberlain; others say the Pope will sell the office to cardinal Hermellyn. 7. The Swiss hold a diet at Baden, to consider the demands of the French, which the adherents of the Pope and Emperor believe they will not accede to. 8. The house of the cardinal of St. George is given to cardinal de Medici.
	Fr., p. 1.
10 July. R. O. P. VI. 77.	1406. FITZWILLIAM and JERNINGHAM to HENRY VIII.
	At the writing hereof Mountpeyssard, the bearer, was despatched to England; for what reason they have not been able to discover. The French have been overthrown in Navarre, as they wrote; however, Mons. de Sparow (And. de Foix, d'Esparres) is not slain. Lotrek will go into Italy, and will be joined by 6,000 Swiss. It is said the Swiss are at Lyons, but the writers cannot discover the truth of the rumor. The court here speaks as ill of the Pope "as ever they did of Pope July." Digion, 10 July.
	Signed and add.
10 July. R. O.	1407. RIC. LYSTER to LORD DARCY.
	Has received his letter by Gilbert Scott, and will order all his causes accordingly. "My lady Capell and Butry be the greatest callers on that I have for any cause concerning your lordship." Your late sheriff is a good sheriff for his own profit. "He will account by his pardon as other sheriffs have done; and therefore all such green-wax goeth to his profit, and that maketh him to call more quickly thereon than other sheriffs have done, for surely it is old issues which be lost which do run daily upon you, and all cannot be helped by your attorney or counsel, for part is for respite of homage, and some for doing your fealty, and for other services which ye must do yourself." The King's commissioners will come to you, for I heard the Cardinal say they would have good cheer, and hunt, and be merry with you by the way. The Cardinal is going to Calais, to make peace between the Emperor and the French King, which will be great honor for him, both having submitted to the King's mediation. London, 10 July.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.
10 July. S. B.	1408. For JOHN LONGLOND, Dean of Salisbury.
	Grant of the temporalities of the see of Lincoln from the death of Wm. Atwater; to be received from the Dean and Chapter, to whom custody of the same during voidances was granted by Edw. II., subject to a payment at the rate of 1,000l. a year. Del. Westm., 10 July 13 Hen. VIII. Endd.: "My lord elect of Lincoln."
10 July. S. B.	1409. For WM. WOTTON.
	To be second baron of the Exchequer during good conduct. (Undated.)
	Pat. 13 Hen. VIII. p. 3, m. 12; Westm., 10 July.
12 July. R. O.	1410. HIERONYMUS GHINUCCI to WOLSEY.
	I have said in a former letter, that letters cannot blush, and therefor make you the following request in writing: that you would ask the King to grant me the bishopric of Worcester, which the cardinal de Medici is willing to resign in my favor, with certain stipulations as to the revenue. I know my qualities and the services I have rendered do not deserve it, but you and the King have always treated me with such kindness that, if I ever return to Rome, I will do all I can in your service. London, 12 July 1521. Signed: Hie. auditor Cameræ.
	Hol., p. 1. Lat. Add.: R^mo, &c. Thomæ, tt. S. Cæciliæ p'bro card. Eboracen. sedis [ap'licæ legato] de latere, et in regno Angliæ cancellario.
12 July. Vit. B. IV. 131. B. M.	1411. [GHINUCCI to WOLSEY.]
	Cannot thank his reverence ("D. v. R.") as he ought to do. Praises Wolsey's devotion to the interests of the Holy See. Will take care that it is brought to the notice of the Pope. He had some proof of it yesterday, "cum comperii qualem fructum erga illum, coram quo D. v. R^ma prædicta verba dixit, e[jus] sermo effecerit; unde censerem injuriam D. v. R. inferre, si res Sanctitatis suæ ci commendarem." "Your reverence" told me that I should deliver you a memorial about the matter of Worcester. The Archbishop's vicar in the diocese of Worcester has acted, as he hears, very rigorously, wished to visit the monks of the cathedral there, and has excommunicated them on their refusal, which seems to touch the honor of "your reverence," who has the care of that bishopric, and of De Medicis, who has been appointed to it. "Your reverence" must therefore take means that the vicar be removed. Reminds him, before he crosses the sea, to have the King's work completed and sent to the Pope, and to resolve with his Majesty on one of the titles proposed by De Medicis. Begs him to have the works against Luther sent from Rome looked at by learned men, as the Pope wishes to know if they are satisfactory, and likewise to have the replies made by card. S. Sixtus to certain doubts moved by some learned men, and to arrange that Luther's books be not publicly sold. (fn. 4)
	Lat., much mutilated, p. 1.
	Add. in a different hand: "D. Tho. car. Ebor. [sed.] apl. legato," &c.
13 July. R. O.	1412. FITZWILLIAM and JERNINGHAM to HENRY VIII.
	Received on Friday, by Baldwin Willoughby, a letter from the Cardinal, dated Westm., 7 inst. Declared the effect to the French King, who was well contented, as you will see by a letter he now sends to Wolsey. As Mountepeyssard was sent to you three days ago with the effect of this matter, will not trouble you by writing about it, except to congratulate you that the two chief powers in Christendom have sent their chancellors to Calais to debate their matters before your lieutenant. Jerningham has finished his charge, and intends to take leave of the King on Tuesday or Wednesday for the purpose of going to Lyons to get the 5 or 6 carriage mulets you spoke of at his departure, and will not return to the King unless he hears from you. Fitzwilliam hopes you will remember the promise you made him at his departure. It is said that the Admiral will go into Gyen to put all things in readiness. 6,000 lanceknights have gone before him; 6,000 Swiss are coming into these parts, and the Swiss ambassadors will be here on Wednesday or Thursday. Digion, Sunday, 13 July at midnight. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.
13 July. Calig. D. VIII. 69. B. M.	1413. FITZWILLIAM and JERNINGHAM to [WOLSEY].
	On Friday morning last received by the post of Calais your letter, dated at your place beside [Westminster] the 5th. As we saw it was written before you had received our last by Baldwin Willoughby, which we thought would change your mind in some points, we put off the declaration of it till we received your other letters by the said Baldwin, dated the 7th. You say that we have not advertised you so largely as La Batie has declared by his instructions; but we wrote everything that the King, my Lady, and the Admiral spoke to us. On receipt of your letter, we sent to the Admiral to know when we might have audience of the King, who was then at a little village four leagues from Dijon. He said the King would be at Dijon next day, Saturday, but it was night before he arrived. Came to his presence this day, Sunday. Were received with great cordiality, and brought into his secret wardrobe, where we declared the substance of your last letters. Saw that he had been already informed of it by La Batie. He said he was glad the King was satisfied with the authority given him under his great seal to be a mediator. We told him that the King had refused to listen to the request of the Emperor's Audiencer "for the invasion of Castile," with which Francis also declared himself well pleased.
	As to Wingfield's despatch [to treat] for the abstinence of war, he says he trusts the King will see that he sustains no damage, for the Papal and Imperial forces are assembled to the number of 8,000 foot, and ... men-of-arms, and the Spaniards that were in Naples have left that kingdom to meet with the said army, and march against Milan; to defeat which, he has sent thither Lautrec, despatched the Great Master and the bastard of Savoy to the Swiss to obtain 6,000 men, and ordered 6,000 foot to be raised within the duchy, besides having aid from the Venetians of 4,000 foot and 800 spears. He has also 6,000 foot from Genoa, and the Genoese have equipped eight galleons, six galleys and four carracks against the Pope's army. Think therefore the Emperor should be desired to give command to all his men in every place to abstain from war, which we have requested the French king to do.
	The French king is willing to comply with your request for new letters patent of au[thority] altering the date to the last day of this month, and says he will send such authority as he sent before, under his great seal, to La Batie, with such date as you desire. The Chancellor desires two days longer, and will leave for Calais on Tuesday. He must ride eight leagues a day to get there, "which we think will swage his great belly, for the leagues in these parts be not small." We asked who were to be in commission with the Chancellor. He said the first President of Paris and De la Palice. We suggested, as of ourselves, that the Admiral should have been one. Francis said he could not be spared, but, perhaps, before the matter ended, he might be sent. The Admiral said he was informed the Emperor would send his Chancellor, De Berghes and the Audiencer, whom it was very desirable to change, for they bore such hatred to France that they would come to no good conclusion. Rejoice to see the King so honored, by the Emperor and the French king sending their Chancellors to Calais to discuss their differences before you.
	As Jerningham's charge is concluded, and the King has commanded him to buy five or [six mules] for carriage, which must be got at Lyons, three days journey hence, he intends to take leave of Francis on Tuesday or Wednesday. Fitzwilliam thinks he could do better service at Calais than here. No news, but that the Admiral is to go to Guyenne, where 6,000 lanceknights have gone before him. 6,000 Swiss are coming to Burgundy, and on Wednesday or Thursday next the ambassadors from the Swiss are expected. Sunday, 13 July, at midnight. Signed.
	Pp. 4, mutilated.
13 July. Galba, B. VII. 66. B. M.	1414. SIR RICHARD WINGFIELD to [WOLSEY].
	The Audiencer and I arrived at Antwerp on Thursday last, at 4 p.m. and saw the Emperor at 8 o'clock that night. After I had delivered the King's letters, he brought us into a secret chamber, where we delivered our charge. The Audiencer did his part right honestly, in declaring the King's counsel, and his entire affection to the Emperor. Our audience lasted nearly two hours, and the Emperor said he thanked the King and you most heartily, for your kind letters and good counsel. After thanking me for my pains, more than I merited, he desired me to wait till next day, when he would advise with his council upon our charge.
	Has not yet spoken with my Lady, having only received late last night the King's letter for her. Will deliver to the Emperor, tomorrow, the King's letter of congratulation, and the other to the King of Denmark, who is come out of his country, by Wagkyn, into Holland, with only four persons in his company. Thinks the King might send him a hobby or two. Reminds Wolsey of the duke of Savoy's suit for the sending of an honest personage to be w[ith] him from the King, at the marriage. Expects a letter from the Queen to the Emperor, for the duke of Alba, by the next post, but if it be delayed, I shall deliver the King's letters and yours. Was asked by Berghes, today, in the Chancellor's chamber, apart, if the King would be likely to grant 3,000 or 4,000 archers, on being asked by the Emperor. Said he had no commission to speak of it, but he had no doubt a reasonable answer would be returned. Antwerp, 13 July. Signed.
	Pp. 2, mutilated.
13 July. Galba, B. VII. 61. B. M.	1415. SIR RICHARD WINGFIELD and SIR THOMAS SPINELLY to WOLSEY.
	Last night Berghes and the Audiencer came to our lodging, and told us that although the Emperor had been in consultation all that day upon the answer he should make to the charges declared to him the night before by Wingfield and the said Audiencer, his pleasure was we should repair to the Chancellor's lodging at 7 o'clock this morning. Were conveyed thither accordingly by the Audiencer, where we also found Berghes, the bishop of Palencia and the Grand Esquire. The Chancellor said their charge consisted in three points:—(1.) Letters missive of requisition to the King and you for your coming to Calais, which he said the Emperor would gladly agree to. (2.) Obligations to be made by the Emperor, in which he saw no difficulty, if the King gave the like. Wingfield answered, as the King was not at war with France, there was no reason why he should renew any amity; that the King did not distrust the Emperor, but was only taught by experience, and that there never had been a default in keeping promises on the side of England. The Chancellor said the same might be affirmed of the Emperor. Wingfield assented, and laid the blame on some of his council having authority in time past. As to the abstinence of war, the Chancellor said the Emperor could not agree to it, especially considering the business lately between the Pope and the French king, in which his Holiness had desired his Majesty's assistance as chief protector of the Church, by right of his imperial dignity and title of King Catholic, and also as his vassal for the realm of Naples, and in accordance with the treaties between them. The Emperor had promised to assist him with all his power, and had charged his ambassador at Rome to tell the same to the Pope and the whole college, and had advised the King to do the same, as one who had been a special defender of the Holy Church, as the bishop of Elna was commanded to show. The Chancellor also said the Emperor would do nothing without the advice of his subjects of Castile, who have a large army and good hope to expel the Frenchmen; that as the French had already broken the principal treaties, the Emperor could not trust their truce; that the Emperor had never invaded France, so that the truce was superfluous, and to demand it for Robert de la Marck, who was the Emperor's subject, seemed very strange. Wingfield said the King had suggested it out of regard for the Emperor's interests; to preserve his forces till the time the two were more straitly knit together, and could deliberate how to proceed against their common enemies. But they persisted in their resolution, the Chancellor saying that Wolsey might come to Calais, and that for the nearer amity, when they would know their ground. We answered, there would be no pretext for your journey, unless the truce were first made, and that the French would not send their ambassadors. Berghes and the Chancellor promised to consult with the Emperor, who would speak with us again. They also said letters had been received, dated Burgos, 24th ult., from the licentiate Bargas, the treasurer of Castile, stating that the French were driven back eight leagues from Lo Grogno.
	ii. News showed to us, the Chancellor and the governor of Bresse, marshal of Bourgoigne, being present.
	(1.) The Pope having assembled the consistory, in presence of the French ambassador, gave to the Emperor's ambassador in his name the investiture of Naples to him and his successors, without adding "sine præjudicio," as other Popes have been accustomed to do. (2.) The white ambling horse was delivered to his Holiness in signo feodi et pro censo, according to old custom. (3.) The Pope before all the ambassadors showed the abuses used by the French towards the Apostolic See. (4.) He declared himself enemy to the French king jointly with the Emperor, and required all other princes to assist him. (5.) Count Buydo (Guido) Rangon and other papal captains had left for the frontiers of Milan. (6.) Prospero Colonna, with 300 spears of Naples and 4,000 Spanish foot, went the same way, and the Viceroy sent 1,000 spears after him. (7.) Men were mustered in Bologna and other places. (8.) The marquis of Mantua is to be captain general of the Pope's army. (9.) The rebels of Milan had joined the armies of the Pope and Emperor. (10.) The lord Lescu was driven back to Pa[rma] and Plaisance. (11.) A powder magazine in the castle of Milan had been exploded by lightning, with great loss to the French, two parts of the castle being destroyed. (12.) The Addornes had taken most part of the coast of Genoa, and hoped to obtain the city, the French not being able to assist the Fregosi on account of the commotions at Milan. (13.) The Constable and other lords had agreed the Duke of Najara should be captain general, their army numbering 15,000 foot and 2,500 horse. (14.) The duke of Bedgier had arrived at Burgos with 200 spears and 4,000 foot, and was going to join the other army. (15.) The Treasurer had sent to the field 100,000 ducats. (16.) Also they showed us an extract of a letter from Mirandola to the count de Cariate, stating that four Frenchmen had entered Reggio in disguise, who were slain when De Lescu assaulted the gates of the city. (17.) That count Alexander Triulcio, governor of Parma, was slain at that assault. (18.) That lord Lescu sent an ambassador to the Pope, who was slain at Rubera by the rebels of Milan. (19.) That Lescu had required Mirandola to give no aid to the rebels, who answered that his [town] was imperial and free, and every man should be welcome to him.
	Yesterday Nassau was proclaimed chamberlain by the Emperor, much to the satisfaction of the Spaniards, who feared Montayny would have been chosen. It is said the Imperial and French armies lay in their accustomed places. On Monday or Tuesday next the Emperor leaves for Ghent. Antwerp, 13 July. Signed.
	Pp. 4, mutilated. Add.: To my lord Cardinal's good grace.
14 July. R. O.	1416. FRANCIS I. to HENRY VIII.
	I have deputed the Chancellor, the sieur de la Palisse, marshal of France, the president of the parliament at Paris, and Robt. Gedoyn, councillor and secretary of finance, to meet Wolsey at Calais on the 4th August, hoping that the deputies of the King Catholic will be there at the same time. You will be pleased to command Wolsey to be at Calais at the appointed day. De la Basty, our ambassador, will tell you more. Dijon, 14 July. Signed. Countersigned: Robertet.
	Fr., p. 1. Add.
14 July. Galba, B. VII. 64. B. M.	1417. SIR RICHARD WINGFIELD and SPINELLY to WOLSEY.
	Wrote yesterday an account of our communications at the Chancellor's lodging. Went this morning to court to accompany the Emperor to mass at the cathedral church, and gave him the King's letters of congratulation on the coming of the King of Denmark. He took them thankfully, and said that as he expected to have an answer from the King, how he took the French King's proceedings against the Pope, and whether he would declare himself in the Pope's favour on a reasonable occasion, as Charles had lately desired in the names of them both, he had deferred to take resolution on the charges given to the Audiencer and Wingfield until he knew the King's pleasure. This he had written to the bishop of Elna, and had desired Wingfield also to write. He does not believe the King will refuse when he sees how the French king has broken faith, and he will not consent to the abstinence of war, having lost Navarre. To this Wingfield answered, that his offence towards the Pope was rather in demonstration than in deeds; that they had lost nothing on that side, and that the abstinence of war would begin in such time that the Emperor's army in Navarre would either have succeeded or failed for the season, so that there is no sufficient reason to refuse it, and that Wolsey could not come over without it, consistently with the King's honor. He then withdrew with some of his council to a chamber apart, and desired me to write as above.
	In the meantime we gave the King's letters to the King of Denmark, who showed himself glad thereof, and gave them to a servant of his who understands the language and speaks for him. He had no time to read the letter, on account of the Emperor's sudden coming out, and so I deferred delivering my credence to another time. We hear nothing certain of his tarrying or going home. The Pope's ambassador urges the Emperor to advance his army against France, which would diminish the power of the French in Italy, and he is put in good hope. The Governor of the fellowship of Ballezar told Spinelly that Francis Seken was appointed to receive in the Emperor's name 60,000 guldens above the first sum of 120,000 g., and yesterday he was required to take charge for 60,000 more to be delivered at Mayence. He could not furnish this at the time mentioned, and therefore ready money will be sent. Seken will bring more men into the Emperor's service than were first ordered. All the ships arrested for the Emperor's going into Spain will be discharged, which shows that he intends to be occupied here and proceed in his enterprise.
	We have delivered the King's letters and yours to my Lady, and Wingfield declared such points of his charge as he thought requisite. She made answer as the Emperor had done, and said that while the Emperor was in Spain, when he heard that the French king was intending to invade the King's dominions, he instantly, without being desired, charged his ambassador in France to say that in that case he should attack him with all his power. Two days ago "to her was reproached" that the obligation made by the Emperor for two years at Calais, chiefly by her persuasion, was one of the principal causes of the rupture of the French king, who despaired of the Emperor's alliance, "and though it seemeth the Emperor's sincere and faithful proceeding be not accordingly regarded, and that on the King's highness side he found not the reciproca correspondence, yet he is totally resolute to continue and go forth with his enterprises, nothing sparing, trusting principally, besides his substantial preparations, in God and his good right, and not doubting then to lack friends, the which might and shall be called rather friends of fortune than of the reason;" of which devices we thought necessary to advertise you. Antwerp, 14 July, 10 p.m.
	P.S.—My Lady said the Emperor was aware the King could not shortly prepare an army for their aid, but they thought on being desired he could do no less than declare himself, and give them 3,000 or 4,000 archers, with which at this time they would be as well pleased as with the whole number contained in the treaties. This morning, in the Emperor's chamber, the official of the archbishop of Treves told us he had been sent thither by the Electors to persuade the Emperor to let them mediate with the French King, stipulating for the restitution of Navarre. Think it would be well for the King to comply with their desire for a number of archers. Signed.
	Pp. 3, mutilated. Add.: To my lord Cardinal's good grace.
15 July. R. O.	1418. CHARLES V.
	Promise by Charles V. not to make any treaty with Francis I. or any one else, without the express consent of the Pope and Henry VIII., until the stricter amity with England, for which Wolsey is proceeding to Calais, be concluded, or the congress dissolved. (fn. 5) Antwerp, 15 July 1521. Signed and sealed.
	Latin, on vellum. Endorsed by Tuke in English.