Entry Book: December 1667 | British History Online

Pages 207-215

Calendar of Treasury Books, Volume 2, 1667-1668. Originally published by His Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1905.

Citation:

December 1667


Date.	Nature and Substance of the Entry.	Reference.

Dec. 2	Same to the King's Remembrancer to take the securities of Richard Gwynn as Collector of Cardiff.	Treasury Outletters Customs I. p. 61.
	Same to the Customs Farmers to pay into the Exchequer 1,000l. on the duties on exported coals: to meet the 1,000l. payable to the Earl of Carlisle, as by the warrant of November 12 last and still unpaid.	Ibid, p. 63.
	Money warrant for the Judges' salaries: and order for a Privy Seal for same to be paid in future out of the Exchequer.	Treasury Miscellanea Warrants Early XVII. p. 147.
Dec. 2	Treasury warrant to Sir Stephen Fox to assign (out of his orders for 68,820l.) to Wm. Bucknall and the rest of the Farmers of the London Excise 4,000l. for so much lent by them into the Exchequer for the use of the Great Wardrobe.	Treasury Miscellanea Warrants Early XVII. p. 148.
	Money warrant for 13,250l. 18s. 4d. to Sir Stephen Fox for the pay of the marching forces from Sept. 28 last.	Ibid.
	Same for 6,000l. to Sir Stephen Fox (in part of his orders for 68,820l.): to be employed for His Majesty's foreign secret service. (Warrant struck through and re-drawn, see infra, under date 1667–8, March 9.)	Ibid.
	Same for 60,000l. to the Cofferer of the Household as imprest for this current year.	Ibid, p. 149.
	Same for 4,500l. to the Earl of Anglesey: to be applied in the discharge of workmen in His Majesty's yard at Harwich.	Ibid.
	Same, dormant, for 148l. per an. to Sir William Boreman as Keeper of the dwarf orchard and wilderness in Greenwich Park: from 1666, Lady Day.	Ibid, p. 150.
	Money warrant for 200l. to Francis Bowman, His Majesty's stationer, in further part of his bill for stationery furnished to the Principal Secretaries of State.	Ibid.
Dec. 3	Declaration of account, 1664–5, of William Allestry, Receiver of Hearth money for co. Derby.	Ibid, XXXVI. p. 55.
	The Treasury to Sir William Doyly and the other Commissioners for Exchanges. "Finding by experience that divers of His Majesties Receivers have turned to His Majesties losse and prejudice what we had ordered in the matter of exchanging money ... and that instead of bringing in His Majesties money sooner than by the waggons the Receivers of the counties of most trade where returns [by means of bills] might be had quickest and with greatest facility do under pretence of returning the money detayne it ... longer than if the same stayed for the waggons: for prevention thereof for the future we have thought fit to direct you that you strictly in our names require all the Receivers under your inspection and correspondence that whensoever they return any of His Majesties money they make the bill payable to yourselves ... that so their private correspondents here may not detayne the King's money in their hands and that at the time of the drawing the bill they send you advice of it and upon what payment to place it and that either with it or the next post they send you the bill itself: that they draw noe bills but what shall be payable within 20 days after signing thereof: and that where any Receiver shall neglect to follow these and such other instructions as you shall give him in this matter that you reckon the money in his hands and draw bills on him accordingly which if he shall fail to pay you are then to acquaint us with his neglect."	Ibid, XXXIV. pp. 53–4.
	Treasury warrant for the arrest of Richard Bollord, late Collector of Poll money for the Hundred of Skenfrith, co. Monmouth; and of Edward Lewis, late Collector of the Aids in the Hundred of Abergavenny: both for detaining moneys in their hands.	Ibid, p. 53.
	The Treasury to the Verderers, &c., of Whittlewood Forest to apply the 100l. raised by the sale of bark and offal wood towards converting and transporting the timber of said forest.	Ibid, XXXVII. p. 49.
Dec.3	Treasury warrant to Sir Charles Harbord to give order to the Steward of the manor of Tinten to grant three new copies upon surrender up into Court of the former copies of three tenements, detailed, to Arthur Spry, security for Nathaniell Luggar as Sub-Collector of Tenths and Subsidies for the Diocese of Exeter.	Treasury Miscellanea Warrants Early XXXVII. pp. 49–50.
	Prefixing:—Said Luggar's petition.
	Money warrant for 2,000l. to the Marquis de Montbrun in full of all interest or annuity in regard of any debt until May 29 last (see supra, p. 204, under date 1667, Nov. 19).	Ibid XVII. p. 152.
	Treasury warrant to the Customs Farmers to pay 60l. to the Earl of Northampton for three years on his creation money.	Ibid, p. 151.
	Same to Sir William Waller to pay to Sir Harbottle Grimston 6l. 13s. 4d., being his allowance of one tun of Gascony wine per an, as Master of the Rolls.	Treasury Outletters Customs I. p. 65.
Dec 4	The Treasury to Viscount Fanshaw to issue process immediately against all Receivers of Hearth money, sheriffs and others and all receivers of the Aids that have not passed their accounts: there being many such that have not yet been proceeded against, in spite of former directions from the Treasury.	Treasury Miscellanea Warrants Early XXXVI. p. 57.
	Money warrant for 120l. to John Rose, Keeper of the Royal Garden in St. James's Park: in part of 240l. due to him for one year to Sept. 29 last.	Ibid, XVII. p. 153.
Dec. 5	The Treasury to Mr. Clutterbuck to give in his accounts of the Poll and Benevolence money to Auditor Chislett.	Ibid, XXXIV. p. 57.
	Circular letter from the Treasury to the Receivers of the Royal and Additional Aids of all the counties of England and Wales: forwarding copies of the Acts for the One Month's and the Eleven Months' assessment: for them to issue out their warrants by Jan. 10 next for the speedy assessing and collecting thereof, so that it may be paid into the Exchequer by Feb. 15 next. In order to avoid collectors detaining moneys in their hands press them to employ the powers given by the Act to the Commissioners for the several divisions to call the collectors to account quarterly.	Ibid, p. 56.
	Treasury warrant for the discharge of Mathew Lock, late Collector of Customs at Kingston-upon-Hull; he having paid his debt to the King.	Treasury Outletters Customs I.p. 64.
	Money warrant for 4,000l. to the Earl of Sandwich, Master of the Great Wardrobe.	Treasury Miscellanea Warrants Early XVII. p. 153.
Dec. 6	Same for 458l. 2s. 8d. to John Colvill, of London, goldsmith, for the interest of several sums lent into the Receipt.	Ibid, p. 154.
	Sir George Downing to Dr. Baldro. Master of Jesus College, Cambridge, concerning Nicholas Coles sheltering himself in said college against an extent.	Ibid, XXXVI. p. 58.
[?]	The account [erased] of Sir Martin Lumley, late Sheriff and Receiver General of Firehearths in co. Essex.	Ibid.
Dec. 7	Treasury warrant to the Attorney General for a Privy Seal to declare the King's pleasure to let the pre-emption of tin and the coinage duty of tin together and to revoke the lease of 1661. April 3, of the coinage duty to Christopher Bellot and Samuell Ennys.	Ibid, XXXVII. pp. 51–2.
Dec. 9	The Treasury to the East India Company. It would be convenient to the King if 20,000l. of the promised loan of 50,000l. from the said Company might be lent on other security than that of the assignments in the late Act for the pay of seamen since Jan., 1666: as the Treasury is desirous of applying this 20,000l. to the pay of seamen due before that date.	Treasury Miscellanea Warrants Early XXXIII. p. 22.
	Report to the King from the Treasury on the petition from the Marquess of Worcester praying a grant of the reversion of the manors of Chalton ("Chalckton"), co. Southants, and Crookham. co. Berks, and the manors and granges of Wollaston, Tintern, Matherne ("Morn"), Portskewett ("Purcasset"), &c., in South Wales, formerly in the possession of petitioner's ancestors.	Ibid, XXXVII. pp. 53–7.
	Prefixing:—Said petition; order of reference thereon from the King, dated Whitehall, August 8; order of reference hereon from the Treasury to the Attorney General, dated Sept. 13; reports hereon from the Attorney General, dated Oct. 12; and further reference hereon from the Treasury to the Attorney General, dated Oct 29; and further report hereon from the Attorney General, dated November 25.
	Treasury warrants for Privy Seals for Plymouth garrison; for Sir Stephen Fox for the garrisons; and for the payment of Customs tallies.	Ibid, XV. p. 41.
	Money warrant for 40l. to the University of Oxford on the perpetuity of 13l. 6s. 8d. per an. for the Lady Margaret Divinity Lecture.	Ibid, XVII. p. 154.
	Treasury warrant to the Receipt to discharge the baronet fee of 1,095l. due from Sir John Young of Culleton, co. Devon, Kt.	Ibid. pp. 155, 162.
	Money warrant for 260l. to William Seaman, heretofore employed at Algiers on his Majesty's special affairs there: said sum having been advanced to him on the urgenoy of the moment by the Customs Farmers.	Ibid, pp. 155–6.
	Treasury warrant to the Receipt for tallies on the Receiver of the Tenths of the Diocese of Lincoln for 250l. due to Dr. John Troutbeck.	Ibid, p. 156.
	Money warrant, dormant, for the pension of 200l. per an. to said Dr. John Troutbeck.	Ibid, pp. 156–7.
[?Dec.9]	Entry of demise by lease under the Exchequer Seal to John Impey of various messuages in Stoke-by-Guildford, co. Surrey.	Ibid, XXXVII, p. 57.
Dec. 10	The Treasury to the Lord Mayor of York forwarding an affidavit of Thomas Tomlinson, late Receiver of Hearth money for the North and East Ridings of co. York, against Anthony Walker of York city: for the said Lord Mayor to examine same.	Ibid, XXXVI. p. 59.
	Money warrant for 28,771l. 16s. 8d. to Sir Stephen Fox in full of the Guards to January 17 next.	Ibid, XVII. p. 157.
	Same for 100l. to Mrs. Anne Wyndham, wife of Col. Francis Wyndham, for one quarter to Lady Day last on her pension.	Ibid, pp. 157–8.
	Same for 280l. 2s. 4d. to Sir Jeffery Shakerly for the pay of Chester garrison, June 22 last to Sept. 28.	Ibid, p. 159.
Dec. 11	Sir George Downing to the Customs Farmers to attend the Treasury to-morrow.	Treasury Outletters Customs I. p. 66.
	Treasury warrants for the transportation to France, Customs free, of some horses, &c., of the Marquis de Montbrun. The like for horses, &c., for the Earl of St. Albans.	Ibid, p. 67.
	Money warrant for one year's salary to the officers of the Pipe, detailed.	Treasury Miscellanea Warrants Early XVII. p. 158.
	Same for 150l. to Sir Daniel Harvy for hay for the deer in New Park.	Ibid, p. 159.
	Same, dormant, for 30l. per an. to William Chiffinch, Francis Rogers, Hugh Griffith, Morice Deladale. Theodore Raven and Arundell Bull, pages of the Bedchamber, to be employed for defraying the charges of washing sheets.	Ibid, p. 160.
	Same for 250l. to the Treasurer of the Chamber for one quarter's wages to the King's and Queen's 25 footmen.	Ibid, pp. 160, 153.
	The Treasury to the Lord Privy Seal to revoke a lease of the coinage of tin made by the King to Christopher Bellott and Samuell Ennys.	Ibid, XV. p. 42.
	Same to Sir William Morice to put the signet to the bill for the Privy Seal for revocation of the grant of the coinage of tin to Christopher Bellott and Samuell Ennis: the Treasury Lords having procured the sign manual therefor "in your absence, the same requiring very much expedition."	Ibid, XXXIII. p. 22.
	Sir George Downing to the Clerks of the Signet and Privy Seal: to take no fees for the new grant of the coinage of tin to Robert Napper and John Lawrence: they being only trustees for the King.	Ibid.
	The Treasury to the Attorney General to prepare the abovesaid new lease of the coinage of tin.	Ibid.
Dec. 12	Privy Seal for the fictitious issue of 15,000l. to the Earl of Anglesey, formerly Vice-Treasurer of Ireland: the same representing 15,000l. which said Earl received from Sir Robert Viner (being in part of 30,000l. ordered to the Treasurer of Ireland by the Privy Seal of 1666, Aug. 31) and which was repaid to said Viner by Sir Thomas Player out of the 100,000l. loan from the city of London: all to the end that the Teller, who is to throw down a bill for that sum and to charge himself therewith (but in truth to receive no money), may be legally discharged.	Ibid, XV. pp. 43–5
	Followed by:—Treasury warrant hereon to the Receipt, dated 1667, Dec. 17, for the Teller to thereon draw a bill in the name of Sir Thomas Player for said 15,000l. by way of a fictitious loan thereof: that so the city may have a tally of loan and order for repayment.
	Followed by:—A memorandum dated 1667–8, Jan. 14, requiring the Auditor of the Receipt to charge this 15,000l. on the halfyearly imprest roll until the Earl of Anglesey's account for it is declared.
	Report to the King from the Treasury on the petition from Samuel Tooker, Consul in Tripoli, in Barbary (on a reference from the King to the Treasury dated Sept. 15 last). Propose to allow him 100l. a year as Tripoli is a place of small trade, and consequently very little advantage to be drawn from it towards a consul's maintenance [of himself]: and yet it is necessary to have one there for the keeping correspondence with those people.	Ibid, XXXIII. pp. 23–4
Dec 12	Declaration of account for 1664–5 of Sir Francis Clarke, Receiver of Firehearth money for Kent.	Treasury Miscellanea Warrants Early XXXVI. pp. 60–1.
[?]	Same of Charles Crompton for 1664–5, as same for co. Beds	Ibid, p. 60.
Dec. 13	Signature by my Lords of Treasury orders of Dec. 10 for 200l. to Isaack Meynell by way of reward for his labour and service in procuring 10,000l. by him lent to the King, 1667, June 8, on account of the late war and on the credit of the Eleven Months' tax.	Treasury Order Book XXXV. p. 95.
	Treasury warrant to the Clerk of the Signet to engross the Privy Seal concerning the Tower.	Treasury Miscellanea Warrants Early XV. p. 42.
Dec. 16	The Treasury to Viscount Fanshaw to supersede process against Sarah Estcourt, relict of John Estcourt, late Receiver of Hearth money in co. Wilts.	Ibid, XXXVI. p. 59.
	Subscription by the Treasury Lords of a warrant under the royal sign manual to the Attorney General for preparation of a grant to Henry Marquess of Worcester of the manors of Chalton, co. Southants, and Crookham, co. Berks, and of the granges of Woollaston, Hollisholl, Rogerstone, Moore alias Mora and Marlegery: to be held of the King as of the manor of East Greenwich in free and common socage.	Ibid, XXXVII. pp. 58–9.
[?]	Entry of demise by lease under the Exchequer Seal to Robert Phillipps, Barnard Greenville and John Pratt of certain tithes in the deafforested forests of Bruham, Roche and Frome Selwood.	Ibid, p. 59.
Dec. 16	Money warrant for 6,000l. to the Master and Warden of His Majesty's hunt.	Ibid, XVII. p. 161.
	Same for 5,000l. to the Earl of Anglesey for the necessary contingent charge of the Navy and for buying goods, and not for any old debts, that so the officers of the Navy may be inexcusable if they buy not at reasonable rates.	Ibid.
	Same for 140l. to Sir Heneage Finch on his fee of 70l. per an. as Solicitor General.	Ibid, pp. 161–2.
	Same for 1,500l. to William Ashburnham for the Household	Ibid, p. 162.
	The Treasury to the Lord Privy Seal and to the Lord Keeper for the lease of the coinage of tin to pass with all expedition.	Ibid, XV. p. 43.
	Signature by my Lords of Treasury orders of Nov. 23 for 55l. 12s. 4d. to Nicholas Hamond for work done for the Navy.	Treasury Order Book XXXV. p. 96.
	Sir George Downing to the Clerk of the Patents and the Clerk of Hanaper explaining that the lease of the coinage of tin to Robert Nappier and John Laurence is only in trust for the King: and therefore the same is to be passed through without fees,	Treasury Miscellanea Warrants Early XV. p. 42.
Dec. 17	Declaration of accompt for 1664–5, of Robert Napper, Receiver of Hearth money for co. Dorset.	Treasury Miscellanea Warrants Early XXXVI. p. 61.
	Money warrant for 60l. to the Earl of Holland for three years' creation money.	Ibid, XVII. p. 166.
Dec. 18	Treasury warrant to the Receipt to discharge the Baronet fee of 1,095l. due from Sir Edmond Fowell, of Fowelscombe, co. Devon.	Ibid, p. 162.
	Money warrant for 40l. to Dr. James Hyde as Reader in Physic in the University of Oxford.	Ibid, p. 166.
	Privy Seal for registering [and paying in course] upon the Excise. "Whereas wee have received great advantages to our service and the publique occasions by that order which hath been setled and established by several late Acts of Parliament for the registering and paying in course the severall sumes granted by the said acts respectively: the due observance whereof hath gayned creditt to us and our Exchequer: know ye therefore that wee being resolved to mayntayne and increase the creditt of our said Exchequer have thought fitt to cause severall parts of our owne revenew to be put in the same way and method of payment: and do therefore by these presents command and authorise you [the Lords of the Treasury] to cause our revenew arising by the Excise whether the same shall be in farm or collection to be paid into the Receipt of our Exchequer and to be issued out thence in course and not otherwise and that no tallies be struck on the said revenue or any part thereof. And for the more regular observance of this method wee doe further require and authorize you to give order and direction to the Auditor of the Receipt of the Exchequer for the time being to keep a booke of registry in his office of all orders signed by you intended to be paid out of the said revenew of Exoise as aforesayd, which is to be mentioned in the body of the order or upon the margint thereof and to take care that the sayd orders be duely paid in such course as they shalbe entred in the sayd booke of registry by your direction: and so to asoertayne and certifie [advertise] the sayd orders that every man may know his time and course of payment."	Ibid, XV. pp. 46–8; 50–1.
[?]	The like for similarly registering upon the Hearth money	Ibid, p. 46.
Dec. 19	Treasury commission to John Nordon as Solicitor of the Aids for co. Wilts: loco William Levett, removed.	Ibid, XXXIV. p. 59.
	Treasury warrant to [the Customs Farmers] to observe the late Lord Treasurer's warrant for the delivery of 16 tuns of Spanish wine to the Spanish Ambassador Custom free.	Treasury Outletters Customs I. p. 70.
	Money warrant for 81l. 3s. 4d. to William and Robert Parker, Ushers of the Receipt, for necessaries supplied for the Treasury Chamber.	Treasury Miscellanea Warrants Early XVII. p. 163.
Dec. 19 and 23	Same for 19,483l. 6s. 8d. to Sir Stephen Fox for the various garrisons, detailed, for four months, 1667, Sept. 28, to Jan. 18 next.	Ibid, pp. 163–4; 167–8.
Dec. 19	Same for 60l. to the Earl of St. Albans for three years on his perpetuity of 20l. per an. for his creation money.	Ibid, p. 164.
	Same for 150l. 11s. 4½d. to Gerrat Renders for three years on his fee and livery as one of His Majesty's falconers.	Ibid, p. 165.
Dec. 19	Money warrant for 200l. to Sir Edward Griffin, Treasurer of the Chamber, to be paid to such noblemen's servants as shall bring His Majesty New Year's gifts.	Treasury Miscellanea Warrants Early XVII. pp. 165, 169.
Dec 20	Treasury warrant to the Auditors of Imprests to allow in account to Peirce Manaton, Collector of Barnstaple port, certain items, detailed.	Treasury Outletters Customs I. pp. 68–70.
	Prefixing:—Note of Manaton's petition, and report thereon from the said auditors.
	Same for a Privy Seal for 1,166l. 3s. 10d. to Sir Robert Vyner and Alderman Backwell, being the sum by them paid for the coinage of 11,6611b. 11oz. 1dwt. of standard bullion by them brought into the Mint. and there coined between 1665, April 14 and 1666. Dec. 20.	Treasury Miscellanea Warrants Early XV. p. 55.
	Same for a Privy Seal for Sir George Carteret's interest account.	Ibid, p. 46.
	Same for [a Privy Seal for] 10,000l. for such persons as His Majesty shall direct.	Ibid.
	Same to Robert Naper, Receiver General of the Duchy of Cornwall, and John Laurence to attend the several coinage of tin hereafter happening, and to receive the whole duty thereof: taking especial care for the discovery of all tin not duly marked with the several marks of the respective tinners and blowing houses.	Ibid, XXXVII. pp. 60–1.
Dec. 23	The Treasury to the Lord Keeper. Several prisoners for debt to the King have by habeas corpus removed themselves from the prisons to which they were committed to prisons where they have become less solicitous and careful of satisfying the King's debt: therefore desire him to give directions that no habeas corpus may be hereafter granted to such unless where the law requires it.	Ibid, XXXIII. p. 25.
	Signature by my Lords of a Treasury order of Dec. 18 for 207l. 9s. 3d. to John Walker, Usher of the Exchequer.	Treasury Order Book XXXV. p. 97.
	Treasury warrant to the Receipt for tallies to be struck for 3,167l. 11s. 1½d. representing allowances made to several sheriffs and for several years out of the revenue of Post Fines: same to be as a deduction to Sir Robert Howard and the rest of the Farmers of the Post Fines on their rent.	Treasury Miscellanea Warrants Early XVII. p. 168.
	Same to same for discharge of the baronet fee of 1,095l. due from Robert Jocelyn of Hyde Hall, co. Herts.	Ibid, p. 169.
	Same to the Attorney General for a grant to James Lancashire of the office of Receiver General of Crown revenues for Cumberland, Westmorland and Lancaster: on surrender of William Spencer.	Ibid, XXXVII. p. 61.
Dec. 30	Same for a grant to Col. Edward Grey of a fourth part of any discoveries which he may make of moneys yet remaining unpaid of what was formerly collected in the nation for the relief of distressed inhabitants in Piedmont.	Ibid, p. 62.
	Same to the Clerk of the Pipe for a lease to Thomas Bayly of certain lands of William Biron, late of Newstead, co. Notts, outlawed for debt at the suit of said Bayly.	Ibid, pp. 62–3.
	Prefixing:—Particular and memoranda by W. Sparke, Deputy King's Remembrancer.
Dec. 30	Treasury warrant to the Customs Farmers to pay 42l. 6s. 9d. to Col. John Strode, Governor of Dover Castle, for his disbursements there.	Treasury Miscellanea Warrants Early XVII. pp. 169–70.
	Same to same to pay certain tallies, detailed, amounting in all to 6,181l. 17s. 4d. out of the remainder of the rent of the present Customs Farmers. "His Majesty taking notice that many tallies have been levied at the Receipt of the Exchequer upon the late Farmers of his Customs which are yet unpaid by the said Farmers and that any considerable number of said tallies cannot be expected to be paid out of such moneys as should remain in the said Farmers' hands upon the determination of their accompt hath therefore by Privy Seal dated the 18th inst. authorised us to give order to the present Farmers of the Customs to pay the said tallies or any of them in such order and course as we shall think fit."	Ibid, p. 170.
	Money warrant for 5,831l. 1s. 0d. to Isaac Meynell, of London, goldsmith, for the [6 per cent.] interest and [4 per cent.] expenses of the several principal sums of 31,470l. and 3,000l. by him advanced to the King.	Ibid, pp. 170–1.
	Same for 500l. to the Duke of Albemarle for horses for the King and Queen.	Ibid, p. 172.
	Same for 28l. 3s. 0d. to the Churchwardens of St. Martin's in the Fields as royal bounty for the poor there.	Ibid, p. 174.
	Signature by my Lords of Treasury orders of Dec. 23 for 30l. to the Pages of the King's bedchamber for washing the sheets: of Dec. 30 for 275l. to the Masters of the Chancery for fees.	Treasury Order Book XXXV. p. 97.
[? Dec. 30]	Entry of demise by lease under the Exchequer Seal to Elizabeth Colvert, widow, of a messuage, &c., called Henegat, in the parish of Llangeler, co. Carmarthen: in the possession of John Lloyd, outlaw.	Treasury Miscellanca Warrants Early XXXVII. p. 63.
Dec. 31	Treasury warrant to the Receipt for tallies of allowance or discharge to the Farmers of the Greenwax for 509l. 10s. 7¾d. allowed out of Post Fines to the sheriffs of several counties in several years.	Ibid, XVII. p. 171.
	Same to Anthony Sambatch of Snowshill, co. Gloucester, et al., detailed, for an inquisition post mortem as to the estate of James Pyford of Snowshill, reputed an intestate bastard.	Ibid, XXXVII. pp. 64–5.
	Signature by my Lords of Treasury orders of this date for 9,898l. 12s. 10d. to the Duke of York out of the Month's tax granted for his use: and of 32 separate orders of the 18th Dec. for, in all, 42,023l. 15s. 0d. to Sir Stephen Fox for the forces.	Treasury Order Book XXXV. pp. 98–9.