Appendix

APPENDIX

Additional Letters of Robert Bowes, English Ambassador in Scotland. (fn. 1)

1.—To Sir Francis Walsingham. [Jan. 27.]

"According to my former purpose certified by my letter sent to you before these presents, I have addressed and sent up this bearer Rafe Bowers, my sonne, not only to take some good order with you and Mr. Customer Smithe for the debt that I owe him, and to proceed in the matter betwixt Sir Robert Constable and myself, with other like business for myself, but also to inform you in such particularities of the present estate in this realme as I find here, and have committ to his report the enlargement of the discoverie of the same to you, wherein as his experience in these affairs sufficeth not to enlarge greatly the report of the intelligence, or to satisfy you with the advertisment of circumstances beyond the enstructions that I have given him, so it may please you favorablie to accept of his indeavour and best service in his power, and to procure tymelie resolution and direction, to be sent to me in such severall matters wherein I rest upon her Majesties pleasure and order to be signified to me, as this bearer will impart unto you. All other causes concerning myself and poore estate I leave to his further creditt and to your accustomed goodness to me, right humbly praying you to shew to me in this tyme of my necessitie the continuance of your wonted goodness and favour to me. I sent to the Master of Graie your letter addressed to him, whereunto he could not hitherto retorne you answere as by the coppie of his letter, th' originall whereof is brunt in the light of his servant, to be delivered to you by this bearer will appear to you."

Edinburgh.

2.—To the Lord Treasurer and Sir Francis Walsingham. [Feb. 3.]

"The Lord Hamilton and the Prior of Blantire retorned hither on Wednesdaie the 28 of Januarie last bringing with them Jaen de Merida, capten of the little bark, his lieutenant James Colvill, the pilot, and Hughe Hare of Waterford in Ireland. Albeit they shewed to me th' examination of these persons and their own doings at Whitehorne, yet knowing by the Lord Hamilton that he had sent the said examinations to the Lord Scrope, and acquainted his servant with all things then done at Whitehorne, all which I trust the Lord Scrope hath advertised to you, therefore I thought it nedeles to trouble you with further report thereof, but rather to staie these presents untill I could certifie the further progresse of the counsell with these persons mentioned, and th' Acts in this Convention presently dissolved. Because I found little matter discovered touching a true cause of th' imployment of this bark into this realme, therefore I did both solicite sundrie noblemen, and also moved the whole Convention assembled to do their good endeavours to try out the misteries sought to be covered in this behalf, and yet manifest enough, and thereon to advertise her Majestie by their own letters what they shall find by the same to concern religion or th' estaits of the Soveraigns and these two realmes, praying also to have Hare the Irishman, after they had ended to deale further with them. They redelie promised to be carefull in the matter, and with diligence to advertise her Majestie; and they have caused the capten and pilott to be newlie examined both before certen commissioners chosen for the purpose and also before the whole bodie of the Counsell. The Clark Register delivered to me both the Counsells letter addressed to her Majestie, and also the copies of their depositions, together with th' instructions given to the said capten and pilott in this voiage, and the copies of thre severall letters addressed by the Marquess of Ceralbo to th' Earl of Bothwell and the Laird of Barnes called Marquesse de May and by the said capten to the Lord Maxwell, which letter, depositions, and copies of the said letters, together with the copies of the examinations taken before at Whitehorne and elsewhere by Blantire, I send inclosed.

James Colvill the pilott is committe to the Castle, and albeit that it is pretended that he shall be severelie delt withall, and that the capten and bark shall be staied untill the Kings retorne, yet I find them so frended here as it is not likely that they shall long lack their liberties, for the which pursute is made that thereby the merchants in Spain may the better escape all troubles, and that Vaudres may be discharged of his caution, and promise given to the capten, and th' others upon their first submission, that they shall be delivered within ten days in case they shall not be found giltie of treason against the King or that estate: if Colvill shall be deteined the rest are thought unable to guide the bark. The rest herein I referre to the view of the confessions and other instruments inclosed.

The Convention hath appointed Capten Arnett to prepare himself and make sail with all spede to Norwaie to advertise the King of the coming of Mr. Patrick Gallowaie, who likewise shall be emploied and sent to the King to informe him of the present estate in this realme, with all late accidents in the same, and to persuade his spedie retorne and indelable order for prevention of the dangers appearing, like as by my former I have remembered.

Letters are directed by the Councell to the burrughs to send hither their commissioners on the 16th of this month to advise and determyn for provision of ships and all necessaries to transport the King and the Queen into this realme.

Commissioners shall be appointed in every countie to take the bonds of every suspected person in religion, that they shall give their assistance against th' enemies of religion and forren forces, or els to be committ to ward. It was moved that sondrie of the nobilitie well affected might be resi[d]ant here for the comfort of the good subjects and terror of the wicked, but no order was resolved therein: yet it is intended that sondry noblemen shall by turn be present in this town for the better preservation of the peace in this realme.

The Lords Sancker and Dumlanerick are charged to appear before the Counsell for their outrages against the Lord Hamilton.

The Earle of Bothwell retorned hither on Mondaie last from Kincarne the house of Montrosse: before his retorne he made it known where he was and what he was doing, to th' intent I and others, whose good opinions he sought to retain, might be satisfied and understand that he had not nor would not deale in any practice with the Spanish as he had ben suspected. It appeareth well that in this his absence he especiallie attended and went about his other affections, as before I have written to you; and I and others are crediblie advertised by sondrie of good intelligence that he is holden in great suspicion with the Spanish partie, who think him resolutelie devoted to her Majestie, the continuance and suretie of which his near frends have faithfully promised and assured on his behalf. And having appointed to be with me this daie I know that he will confirme the same so as, with the advice of the well affected here, I hold on my course with him, looking for all good offices to be done to her Majestie by him agreeble to his former offer.

Th' Erle Huntlaie hath written to the Clark Register to intreat him to signifie to the King that in his absence he will so duetifully carry and behave himself as the common peace and country shall not be disquieted by him or his meanes; he purposeth to send an especiall messenger to the King to seek the Kings favour and graunt of sondry parts of the possessions of the Bushop of Murrey, which nevertheles are claimed by th' Erle of Murray.

The suspicions that the Spanish confederates do intend some surprise or other like attempt do still continue, and many where provision is made to prevent the danger thereof, yet hitherto no manifest matter can be discovered as before I have signified to you."

Postscript.—"Your several letters of the 22 and 24 of January last I have received finding therein full answers and satisfaction in the most of the causes wherein I sought her Majesties pleasure and direction. And agreeable to the same I shall dispose my course both to give contentment to the parties having their desires granted, and also with the best means I can to please the other sort that must be contented with words, without the dedes looked for. I wished chefelie that this town by some small propyne might have tasted her Majesties benevolence, which in this place and generallie throughout the realme in the harts of all the well affected wold have wrought effects and services to her Majestie worthy the same to have been imployed."

3.—To Sir Francis Walsingham. [Feb. 3.]

"If her Majestie shall resolve to write to the King with Mr. Patrick Gallowaie to perswade the expedition of his retorne into this realme, agreeable to the desier of Sir Robert Melvill and others of the Counsell before certified to you, it may then please you to hasten the same to me, that it maie be with me before Mr. Patrick's departure which I think shall be about the 20th hereof at the furthest; and I beseche that I maie be advertised whether I shall with Mr. Patrick write to the King and to what effect, so as I may nether omitt my dutie happelie looked for at my hands, nor yet committ any falt against my duetie to whom I may not offend.

Collonnell Steward hath imparted to me the overture, as he termeth it, for the Tripertite League, and this day he purposed to sett it downe in writings to be conveied to you which very shortlie shall be sent to you.

That I might understand such secrets as 333 wold not before committ to paper I sent unto him Edward Jonson agreable to his own appointment, and he purposing to be here very shortlie deferreth the same untill his coming.

The intelligence given me as well both by Robert Scott, who is newlie returned out of the north, and very willing with his great paines and charges to help me for your sake, as also of such Catholick as I have imploied to trafick with others of his habit, do little concurre with th' advertisment of 333. I find that his father and himself have little interest with Huntley and the principal parsons in that partie. But he hath good acquaintance with sundry others that have secrett moyens amongst them. He pretendeth that his house is sought for and is desirous to have some ordinance for the defense thereof; at his request I have thought good to commend the same to you and leave it to your consideration and order what answer I shall return him.

I am informed by both the said intelligencers that the Spanish faction do look for forrayn forces first from the Low Countries and next from Spaine. They think that 6000 men shall be sent by the Duke of Parma unto the ayde of the Leaguers in France and that afterwards they shall be drawen to Newhaven and then to be imbarked for Scotland. The rest of th' advertisments of the parties I shall by the next send unto you."

Edinburgh.

4.—To the Lord Treasurer and Sir Francis Walsingham. [Feb. 7.]

"After many examinations taken of the capten and pilott of the Spanish bark the Counsell finding no further matter then before was confessed, and as I have certified, resolved to committ the capten and pilott to safe custodie untill the King's retorne and to leave the bark and company in th' hands of Blantire and Barneburrow; for the Counsell found the captain and companie giltie of such offence as deserved punishment and to be deteined untill the King's pleasure might be known. Nevertheless they thought it expedient to forbear to sett down and expresse the degree and quantitie of the cryme, commending the determination of the same to be done by the King upon report of th' estate of the matter to be opened to him. This course was partlie perswaded to satisfie th' Earle of Bothwell, clayming the bark and custodie of the men by vertue of his office of Admiraltie. And that he might be the more willing to consent to th' order of the Counsell, I was moved to travaile with him; wherein when I had perswaded him to yeld to the order mentioned, then the Counsell upon new and sodayne deliberation did cast the charge upon him, committing to him the keeping of the capten and pilott, men and bark, until the King's retorne, with direction that he should intertaine the capten and pilott, dispose and bestow the companie in gentlemens houses and fitt places, and to take from the bark her sails and takling.

[Marginal: I have been bold to lett sondry of the wisemen of the Counsell see the errour of their inconstancie therein.]

That Blantire and Barneburrow might be discharged of their promises given to the capten and th' others to retorne to the bark within ten daies in case they should not be found culpable of cryme against the person or estate of the King or safetie of the countrie, the Counsell have given out their Act in that behalf. Thus presentlie the bark and company are in the hands and disposition of th' Erle of Bothwell, and the captain and pilott at liberties upon such bond or promis as the Erle hath taken of them.

Yesterdaie th' Erle Bothwell shewed that he had earnestlie labored James Colvile the pilott, being his servant, to confesse plainelie to him the truth in all things, yet he could not gitt out any more of him then that the Spanish Navie wold be in redines in th' end of May next, contrary to his former deposition, and were in purpose to attempt land at Plymouthe.

Albeit that Bothwell hath been bruted to have spoken with Huntlay and Arell in the time of his late absence, and that he mett them at Borgan, the house of the Lord Ogilby, and at Barresse, the house of the Master of Angusse, which matters Mr. Robert Bruce and myself did lay before him upon conference with him therein, yet with depe protestations he utterlie denied the same before Mr. Bruce and me, telling us jornies to Kincarne, St Jonstons, and Moncklure, much agreable to my former letters, and shewing us how he was occasioned to staie the longer in these parts upon report made to him that sixty of the Humes and their frends were comed over the water and awaiting to surprise him, against whom he gathered his friends in those parts, mynding to have cutt them off; but in th' end he found none intending any hurt to him.

Mr. Patrick Gallowaie is redie within few daies to make saile for Norway to the King. Some meanes have been devised to arrest and staie this ship prepared for him, which manie think to be done ether to staie his voyage, or els to dryve him to imbark in such other vessell as shall not well intreat him. The imployment of him in this service is stomaked by some, yet the well affected still travell to sett him forward with all expedition.

When the Lord Maxwell hath latelie carried himself so well as good hope was conceived of his continuance in a good course in th' absence of the King, yet the Ministers about him have latelie certified that he is retorned to his old papistrie far contrary to his former protestation. But hitherto I have not hard that he hath practised with any or entered into any action to trouble the state, wherein within few daies I shall be advertised with better certentye.

It is informed me that Huntlaie hath billed and put in readiness six score of his frends to attend upon him at his call. He is advised to forbear to come hither as he had purposed. And the matter betwixt him and the Master of Graie for Dunfermling is continewed untill the next month. They both are willing and have offered to surrender their interest to the King in that promotion, which the King hath given to the Quene. Arrell likewise hath fifty horsemen and thirty footmen of his frends above his ordinaire retinew. And it is told me, yet I am suspicious of the truth thereof, that Claude Hamilton hath also listed an hundred men, with pretence that it is done for his safetie in the feades against him. These are thought to be signs of troubles to follow, the rather because it hath been foretold, as I have before certified, that they wold increase their retinewes before their entry into any action; but some wold perswade me that these new companies may happelie be imploied in discord among themselves, for one of Huntlaies hath lately killed one Hay of the House of Arrell, and wherewith Arrell is presentlie so greved as the rest do bestirre themselves to pacify the matter.

It is given to me to understand that this Spanish faction have lately espied by some of the Spanish bark that the Spanish navie can not be redie this summer to come forwards, and that thereby they are sodainelie amazed, and resolved to mete for further deliberation, having sent to Mr. Robert Bruce the Jesuite to mete them, for he is retorned into Scotland, as is confidently affirmed unto me, and lurketh at the house of Sir James Yesome [sic: Chesome] at Dundorne in Strayhenie [sic: Strathearn].

This towne weried with the charges imposed upon them have left of their watche and ward latelie raised, and given over their purpose to levie any men to serve for the safetie of it. The Duke is departed to the mariage of young Bas . . . in Fife, where Bothwell is also purposed to be. So as this town is left with few Counsellors. But many well affected are affraid that in this calme and securitie some sodayne enterprise may peradventure be attempted, against which some will be found watching.

Upon the understanding of her Majesties pleasure resolved to baptise the daughter of th' Earle Bothwell, and to give some present to the value of 100l, I have put a faire bason and ewre of that price to be made and redie for that use, and to entreat the Ladie of Murrey, daughter of the Earle of Murrey deceased, and who will be here within two daies, to supply the place of her Majestie. The King's House of Holyroodehouse is prepared for this assembly, but the day is not yet appointed." Edinburgh.

5.—To Sir Francis Walsingham. [Feb. 7.]

"The Master of Gray by his letter inclosed hath written to you to such effects as by the same will appear unto you. He remayneth in opinion that the Spanish faction shall seek the surprise of his house at Borthy lyeing very fitt for them. Therefore he hath required me to renew his former request that he may have two mynions or fawcons of brass, two quarter fawkons and six harquebyzes of found, to the intent he may preserve the pece against the Spanish partie and for her Majestie's service to the which he devoteth it and himself with all such rediness as is suffictiently known to you. He is in purpose to send to you Edward Jonson in such sute to Her Majestie as he dependeth in your furtherance, and as you will shortlie understand further by the said messenger who to his power is very willing in dede to do all good offices.

333 hath given me intelligence that Bothwell was at Borgan and Barresse as in my former is expressed, that there he mett with Huntley and Arrell, and looketh to receive 1500 pistolets which he will not take in Spanish gold but in Spurr Rials of Scotland, and that he will not give his hand testifieing the receipt thereof to uses known amongst themselves, but his word and honour, whereupon he cannot get the gold. Moreover that Bothwell purposeth to seise and take into his hands Orkney, having alredie entertained 360 men and putt in redines two ships for that purpose. And that this is done to assure the Spaniards to fynde harborrowe and refuge in any distresse, and in case they shall be dryven to come upon that coast as before they did, he moved me to have delt with the Counsell to staie Bothwell's enterprise herein: but understanding how farre the King was pleased that Bothwell should proceed in this matter, and finding the matter to concerne the particular interests and estate of Bothwell and the Lord of Orkney, I did beare of to put my self into it, knowing that it should breed such hurt to her Majesties service, whereupon he resteth satisfied.

The other daie th' Erle of Bothwell shewed to me her Majesties safeconduct granted to him for his repaire to her Majestie. The same hath bene procured and sent and the whole matter is carried without my privitie or knowledge, and wherewith I am right well pleased; therefore he hath devised to be imploied and sent to her Majestie by the Counsell using my help to further the same. But because it seemeth that the King hath left no expresse warrant or order to the Counsell to imploy or send any ambassadour in the affaires of the State in his absence, therefore this devise will not be compassed without great difficultie, as shortly will be better known to you at other hands that have the handling of it.

Bothwell having intelligence with the Duke of Parma, as he telleth me, looketh to have sent to him within 8 or 10 daies a ship with armour and munition; yet he will still be at her Majesties devotion and will discharge himself, as he saith, honorably toward the King of Spain, with whom he will have no further dealing." Edinburgh.

6.—To Sir Francis Walsingham. [Feb. 7.]

"According to my former Collonell Stewart hath both opened to me the overture or plott before mentioned to Mr. Ashby and my self, and also sett it down with his own hand in writing and delivered the same to me to be conveied spedelie to you. This note in writing I send inclosed to you. And that you may the better understand the same note, and the effects of his report of the matter uttered to me, I have also thought good, agreeable to his owne desier, to certifie you that in his negociation in Denmark in October, 1588, he conferred with the chief Counsellors in th' articles of his instructions given by the King his master. And upon deliberation and question rising on one especial article, how the dangers likely to fall on the whole Isle of Brittaine by the invasion and greatness of the King of Spaine might be prevented, the same Counsellors for remedie therein did propose and advise the plott following:—

That the King of Scotts, after his mariage with the King of Denmark's daughter, should imploy and send to the King of Spaine ambassadors well chosen, with commission to let the King of Spaine know that in respect of religion, blood, and habitation he could not but think himself, his honour, estate, and realme to be depely interessed and endangered by any invasion to be made into any part of this Isle; whereupon the ambassadors should endevour to draw the King to yeld to such honorable means as with equitie and suretie to all parties shall remove the causes breding or norishing th' occasions of any such invasion or warres to be attempted in this Isle;

That likewise the King of Denmark and Counsell shall have their ambassadors with the King of Spaine to second and advance the motions of the ambassadors of Scotland by all the good means they can.

If these peaceable motions shall be imbraced with good faith, then to procede therein in order honorable and sure; otherwise that th' ambassadors of Scotland, setting forth the just causes bynding the King his master to joyne with and assist the Queene of England in league defensive and offensive, shall declare their master's resolution to take part with her Majestie in this warre by himself, all his frends, and confederates. And that the ambassadors of Denmark, shewing how straitelie the King their master and the State there are bound to assist the Queene of England, and to joyne with the King of Scotland now married and matched with the King's sister, shall likewise declare that the King and Counsell of Denmark, their frends, and confederates will take part with the Queene of England and the King of Scotts in this warre.

That thereupon the Soveraignes of these three Crownes shall both bynde and unite together themselves, their frends, and confederats to resist and annoy this common enemy, and also provide that no victuals, corne, habiliments of warre, powder, munition, takeling or furniture for shipps, or any other commodities whatsoever serving for the benefitt and use of the enemy, shall be transported out of any of the three several realmes to serve th' enemy.

He hath further informed me that the Counsellors of Denmark did not only propone and advise that plott at his first conference with them, but sithence the same, and earnestlie att his last being there, pressed th' expedition of the matter; whereby he gathereth and verely thinketh that the Kings of Denmark and Scotland and these Counsellors will redelie consent and agree to the execution of the devise and plott mentioned.

It is by him required that in case her Majestie shall be pleased to entertaine and accept well of this matter thus offered, and to be prosecuted in such due sort as her Majesties experience and wisedom findeth best, that then it may please her Majestie to advertise the King of Scotts of her Majesties resolution in the same.

That her Majesties letters to be addressed to the King of Scotts may be sent to Collonell Stewart before th' end of this month to th' intent he may carry the King his master.

That the Lord Treasurer and your self wold write to the Lord Chancellor of Scotland to stirr him forward in the matter.

That some frendlie letters may be sent to Monsieur Ranclus giving him thanks for his forwardness signified by Collonell Stewart in this cause and perswading his continuance in the same.

That Collonell Stewart may receive advertisement of her Majesties pleasure, as well for his direction for the progresse of this matter, as also for declaration of her Majesties good mynd towards him to preserve him and his interests in the Lowe Countryes from prejudice to fall to him by his open labours and imployments in these affairs. He eviseth also that it may please her Majestie to imploy and send spedely into Denmark some fit person to congratulate the King his master his mariage: and that therewith such person may have power and commission to negociate this matter after it shall be moved to him: for he thinketh it may be best renewed and revived again by himself, and for the which he offereth his whole service and power.

All which he hath required me to commend to you with especial request that in this all expedition secrecy and discretion may be used, and that he may with spede be advertised what to look for in this case, to th'intent he may in best tyme put himself in redines, and to do all things committ to charge with best effects and diligence.

These as I have received at his mouth and hand so hereby I send them to you as well[?] his report and mynd as I can, leaving the same to wise consideration and judgment." Edinburgh.

7.—To the Lord Treasurer and Sir Francis Walsingham. [Feb. 12.]

"Where Sir John Forster and Sir John Selby by their several letters have advertised me that the Larde of Fernyherst on the last of January last with one hundred persons with him came unto Lydewood in Tyndale in the Myddle Merches, and that sondry of Lyddesdale, West Tyvidale, and Water of Rowell in Scotland, being 200 parsons, came likewise to the towne of Myndrum in the east Wardenry of England on the fifth daie of this instant month, and that these severall companies have both severably brunt the townes, corne, and hay in the said two townes and caried awaie the cattle and goods found there, and also taken sondry prisoners, and do still kepe and deteine them, therefore I have written and sent an especiall messenger unto the Lord Hamilton, Lord Lieutenant of the Marches of Scotland, and also moved the whole body of the Counsell here for seasonable and immediate redresse for these attempts; letting them know that these outrages are not committed for pikeing, staeling, or revenge of feades, but rather are drawen on by some seditious persons in this realme seeking to bring in forrein forces for alteration of this religion and estate, and to breake the Borders for the more redy compassing of their practises: which matter I have the more earnestlie stood upon and urged bicause I have ben credibli advertised before the tyme of these attempts that the Spanish confederats were advised to procure the breache of the Borders, as I did lay fourth before the Counsell.

And because I have spered and found out some sundry particular offenders at Myndrome to be of Lyddisdale under the rule of th' Erle Bothwell, I have also travailed with him for the apprehension of these faulters, and for justice to be done with all expedition as to the necessitie of the case appertaineth, wherein he hath promised to give tymelie satisfaction.

The Counsell, shewing great care to give immediate redresse in these behalfs, have addressed their several letters to the Lord Hamilton, Lord Maxwell, and Lard of Cesford, directing both the Lord Hamilton to repaire spedelie to Pebles to take order that the principall offendors may be taken to be delivered for their offences, and that he provide by open proclamation and all other meanes in his power to staie and prevent all like attempts to be hereafter made in England, and also commanding the Lord Maxwell and the Lard of Cesford to come unto and attend upon the Lord Hamilton for th' apprehension of such offenders as shall be found within their severall wardenries and offices, and for th' execution of justice in these matters, like as by the copies of the Counsells letters mentioned and inclosed will better appeare to you. And the Lord Hamilton, shewing his redines by his letter and particular messenger addressed to me, hath promised his best endeavour for th' expedition of this redresse, as also by the copie of his letter sent to me and inclosed will be seene unto you. Of all these doings I have advertised Sir John Foster and Sir John Selby, sending to them the copies of all the letters of the Counsell and the Lord Hamilton, to th' intent they may better understand th' orders taken herein.

And agreable to the requests of the Counsell, I have written unto and praied Sir John Forster and Sir John Selby to take order that none in their wardenries and offices shall in this meane time make any incursion, reade, or attempt in Scotland in revenge of the faults mentioned; praying them further to let me know what manner of redress they desire to be yelded and done to them for these attempts, and I shall travell to procure th' obtayning of the same by the best means in my powre.

I have ben credibly informed that the Duke of Lenox seketh to have in mariage on of the daughters of th' Erle Morton.

It is also told me for certain that the Spanish faction are defeat in th' especiall purpose and matter that they intended to have attempted, that sondry of them are presentlie together to deliberate of matters chefelie to pacifie the greefs amongst them and what they shall hould in case as they stande. They are persuaded that the King of Spaine will send an embassadour to the King of Denmark, both to treat for mariage and also to know whether in the late treatise betwixt the Kings of Denmark and Scotland any league or treatie be made with England, wherein the ambassador shall have commission to seeke to staie all th' articles that tend to intertayne any amity with England. This advertisment is given by letters from Crighton the Jesuit; and by Crightons letters it is further advertised that the Counsell of Spaine by their letters of the 28th of September last have advised the Duke of Parma to retire himself home to take the ayre of his native contry for recovery of his health, promising that his service shall be rewarded in him and all his posteritie." Edinburgh.

Postscript.—" The Lord Hume accompanied with four score men armed came yesterdaie to the sea lincks at Leith and taried there near four howers. It is thought that he had intended to have their surprised th' Erle Bothwell, who, as Hume was informed, had purposed to have ben there abouts; but by other occasions Bothwell staide, and knew nothing of Humes being there untill he was departed. This matter hath kyndled the fier betwixt them, and it is like to draw on evil effects."

8.—To Sir Francis Walsingham. [Feb. 12.]

"Your list of the third hereof I have received together with one note touching Mr. Richard Duglasse, which I have red and burned, according to your pleasure therein. Your opinion (thinking that 321 will not quite his trafique abrode untill he see how 32 will deale with him) is well grounded, and I find the same very evident, for albeit that by his open dealings with us his credit is eraised with th' other confederates, yet they are still willing to intertaine him as by sundry letters sent to him I understand, and he continweth his intelligence with them, keping all secrets in his owne bosome to do therein as he shall find occasion ministered to him. I wish still that the course with him may be caried by such as hitherto have drawen it to th'estate wherein it presentlie standeth, for their interest in him may rather make him constant then my meanes shall be able to work the same.

In many of the points wherein I have sought and praied your direction I am already satisfied by your former letters; yet of such as remayne and wherein I attend the advertisment of the resolution thereof and [sic I] have sent a note inclosed, humbly prayeing that I may know whether they shall be granted or denied, that I may upon notice thereof carye my self and course, and give the best contentment I can to the parties looking for answer therein.

For your goodness offered in myne own private and troublesome causes I do give most humble and hartie thanks, commending the same, my self, and estate, to your accustomed favour by the greatnes whereof alredie and many tymes shewed to me I acknowledge my self and all myne bound to honour and serve you with hart, hand, and all that we have during our lives." Edinburgh.

"For your French occurrents I give right hartie thanks, for the same wrought me greater help in my service here than a round sum of monie could have done.

Sundry articles wherein I have before this required direction to be given me, and upon which I still attend being in many others alredie satisfied.

1 Her Majestie's letters to the King of Scotts required by Sir Robert Melvill and others of the Counsell to perswade th' expedition of the Kings return, and to be caried by Mr. Patrick Gallowaie redie to take that voiage to the King in Norway.

2 Advertisment of her Majesties resolution in the overture of Collonell Steward preparing likewise to return to the King.

3 The safe conduct granted to th' Erle of Crawford and Lord Sancker to be sent agreable to her Majesties pleasure certified therein.

4 Direction whether I shall write to the King with Mr. Patrick or Collonell Stewart and to what effects.

5 Your own letter to the Master of Glames, shewing your good opinion renewing and continwed towards him.

6 Advertisment whether the letters of Mr. James Murray be comed to your hands and what is done therein."

9.—"To the Kings Majestie of Scotland at Apslow in Norway and Mr. Patrick Galloway." [Feb. 16.]

"It may please your Majestie. Upon advertisment given to her Majestie my soveraigne that sundry troubles appeared to fall out in this realme endangering the religion and th' estate, and upon the sute of Mr. William Ashby for his revocation, her Majestie was pleased both to imploy and send me hither to advise this Counsell established by your Majestie of the perills arising, and to offer to them her Majesties succours and aide for prevention of the evils, and also to appoint me to remayne and supply here Mr. Ashbies place during her Majesties pleasure, in which service I shall deligentlie endeavour to do the dueties to my soveraigne aforesaid and to your Majestie.

The preparations of the navie and army in Spaine and th' imployment of the Spanish bark sent into this realme, together with the signes of civill troubles likely to arise here by the practise of the seditious, who in your absence will be allwaies worst occupied, do so necessarily require provident regard to discover the plotts and progress thereof and tymely intelligence to be sent to your Majestie for resolution of your order to remedie in beginning the diseases growing. But trusting that your Majestie is sufficientlie advertised of the full trothe herein by your wise Counsell and others, I hold it fitt for me with this memorie of these weightie effects to leave the same to their report and to your grave consideration.

The late attempts in the Middle and East Marches of England severally by the Lard of Pherniherst and by sundry of Lyddisdale, West Tyvidale, and others Scottishmen, appear to be enterprised rather of intent to breake the Borders to draw on the designs of the favorits of Spaine then of any purpose to revenge feades, or seeke spoiles in the places burnt and harryed. And seeing the necessitie is the greater to redresse th' offence with expedition of justice, and to restraine the like attempts in the tyme coming and in your absence, it may therefore please your Majestie to address to your Counsell here, and to all and everie the chefe officers of your borders, your tymely order and commandment for the seasonable execution of such remedies to be ministred in these behalfs as the greatness of the causes and the condition of this tyme duely require; and attending your tymely direction in the same, I have for the mean tyme staied both the Wardens of the Middle and East Marches of England to seeke any forceable revenge for th' attempts mentioned and also the repaire of forces to be drawen unto and planted on the Borders, thinking that the peaceable manner of the administration of justice to be commanded by your Majestie in this case with spede shall better preserve the amitie between these two crowns then violent revenge, oftentimes falling rather on the innocent than the craftie offender.

All others I refer to the report of this bearer, whom I thought mete to accompanie with these effects remembered, and with the signs of due memorie of my duetie to your Majestie to whom I wish perfect prosperite and wellfare. Thus I pray God to give your Majestie a speedie and happie retorne into this realme." Edinburgh.

10.—To Sir John Mateland Chancellor of Scotland at Apslow in Norway. [Feb. 16.]

"Being imploied and staied to succede and supply the place of Mr. Ashby in this realme during the pleasure of her Majestie my soveraigne, who, having experience on the good frutes growen on your Lordships labours and good offices for the benefit of the common causes, doth greatlie esteem and honour your Lordship for the same. I have therefore found it agreeable to my duetie, upon the commoditie of the repaire of this bearer to your presence, to accompanie him with due memorie and offer of my redines to be imploied by your Lordship to do to you all the good pleasures in my powre, knowing that the same shall stand with the contentment of her Majestie and myne owne duetie.

The present estate of this country I leave to the report of such as can with best certenty acquaint your Lordship, trusting by your careful and provident meanes the dangers appearing shall be seasonably prevented.

The late attempts and outrages done in the Middle and East Marches of England do so necessarily call for indiliate redresse for the preservation of the peace and the happie amitie betwixt these two Crowns, and for the prevention of the great inconveniences arising thereon, as I beseche your Lordship to imploy your good meanes and remembrance to the King your soveraigne for his tymely order to be addressed in th' expedition of the same: for albeit that hitherto I find good concurrency in the Counsell established by the King, yet I am not ignorant that many difficulties fall in the due and full execution of justice in like cases, which mischefe in the condition of this tyme and estate of both the realmes ought to be avoided, as I hope your Lordship will have in good consideration." Edinburgh.

"Memoriall to Mr. Patrick Galloway."

"1. That you may be instructed and know the contents of my letter addressed to the King of Scotts conveyed by your self, I have sent inclosed unto you the copies of the same letter to the intent you may advertise his Majestie of myne employment in this realme at this tyme and that the cause of my coming to this Counsell established by the King with all other effects expressed in that letter, which matters I wholly leave to the view of the copy mentioned.

2. Because the Kings Majesties order is craved in some things, chefely for th' expedition of the redresse to be made for the late attempts in the Myddle and East Marches of England, therefore it may please you to put the King in mynd thereof and to solicite th' execution of the same with the best spede.

3. To present to the King my service and good affection which willingly and to th' uttermost of my powre shall be imploied for his honour and good contentment agreeable to her Majesties pleasure addressing me hither for the accomplishment of the same.

4. To let me be advertised by the meanes best pleasing the King what his Majesties resolutions shall be for the Borders and for th' other parts of my letter.

5. To deliver to the Lord Chancellor my letter directed to his Lordship with all good complements promising all thankfull offices his Lordship.

6. To do my hartie commendations to the Lard Carmighell."

11.—To the Lord Treasurer and Sir Francis Walsingham. [Feb. 17.]

"Th' Erle of Montrosse, the Lord Ogilby, and others suspected convened at Skone in great numbers and th' Erle of Huntley had assembled 600 men. Whereupon it was doubted that some hastie troubles should have followed this quiet calme. But I have learned that the convention at Skone was to take order for the restitution of goods violentlie taken by Glamonken and to compound sundry private discords arising amongst themselves: and Huntlay assembled his frends and tenants to reskue the house of Vassaye besieged by Balengoone.

Sundry perticuler quarrells have lately fallen amongst the northern lords, chefely betwixt Huntlay and Arrell: for upon the slaughter of James Hay, kinsman to Arrell and slaine by Andro Hareng, servant to Huntlay, Arrell hath taken the escheat of Alexander Gorden, brother of Huntlay, and of the Countesse of Arrell, wife of the said Alexander, and mother-in-law of Arrell. Gorden and the Countesse his wife are at horne in civill actions, whereupon Arrell hath obtained and levieth their escheits.

Huntlay hath agreed Sutherland and Cathness, and labour is made to compound the grefes amongst the rest.

Arrell and Montrosse have severally moved Mr. Patrick Galloway to assure the King of their loyalties and obediance, and that they shall hold themselves quiet during his absence. Albeit that this calme contenewing and these assurances offered to the King do promiis peace in this estate, yet the well affected look for troubles upon the first opportunitie and advantage that the Spanish faction shall gitt.

I am credibly informed by a Catholique person that the Jesuits and other busy instruments have drawen sundry articles to be deliberate and resolved at the next convocation of the lords and confederats for Spaine; and that one especiall person is imploied and sent to the heads of the said confederats to confer with them in th' articles and to appoint some tyme to convene for their resolutions. In these articles they advise for the breache of the Borders, and how to defeat the redresses to be given to England for any attempts, whether it shall be convenient to surprise and kepe any strong townes and peces in this realme, who shall command therein, and what entertaynement shall be allowed. And herein they chefely perswade to possesse the places adjoyning to Ireland, from whence they look to receive intelligence and comforts. They attend the coming of the letters of Crighton the Jesuit, by which they look to be satisfied with certaine aid in all their affaires. In the mean tyme these busy instruments seeke to perswade every one of them to kyth and manifest their good myndes and determinations for the progresse of th' action, agreable to such resolutions as shall be taken for the same.

Albeit that it is here denied that Mr. Robert Bruce is returned into this contry, yet this informer assureth me that he was in Aberdeen the 30th hereof, and with diligence seketh th' advancment of this cause with large offers and earnest perswasions to all the parties in the same; but how he and th' other instruments shall prevaile or what shall ensue of this convention intended and sought for he cannot as yet tell.

The Lord Hamilton by his letter to me hath appointed to be here the 24th hereof, to advise with the Counsell for th' execution of redresses to be made for the late attempts in the Middle and East Borders of England, and thereupon to be at Jedworth on the 20th of this month, having alredy given notice thereof to the country and taken order for th' assembly of the barrons and gentlemen to procede in th' execution of justice which is promised to be done with expedition and favour.

The Counsell by their letters have discharged the single combatt chalenged and to have bene performed the 22nd day hereof betwixt James Jonston, cosen to the Larde of Dumlanerig, and one Maxwell, servant to the Lord Maxwell. It is thought Maxwell, finding that the partie of Dumlanerig should be overstrong for him, did therefore by secret means procure his dischardge. Maxwell is noted to be cleane revolted in religion to his old Papistry and hardened in hart towards her Majestie.

Mr. Patrick Galloway is redie this daie to imbark at Leith for Norway, trusting to find the King at Opslow. I have thought it convenient by my letters with him to [inform] the King of myne employment and remayne here, and of th' estate of the Borders, requiring his spedie order for th' expedition of justice to be done there therein. And I have also written to the Lord Chancellor to intertayne his furtherance in my service and good will to myself, trusting that as I have done these for her Majesties service onely so my doings therein may be well accepted.

The Lord Boide, a man wise and of long experience, is dead." Edinburgh.

12.—To Sir Francis Walsingham. [Mar. 5.]

"Upon receipt of your two severall packetts of the 18th and 20th of February last, I delivered to Collonell Steward both the letter addressed to himself and inclosed in the first packett and also her Majesties letter addressed to the King of Scotland, the two letters sent to the Lord Chancellor of Scotland and Monsieur Rainelus, and th' answer to the overture proponed by him; all which I found in my last paquett.

At the deliverie of these letters to the Collonell, I laide before him how nedefull it was to comprehend the French King in this treatie, approving the same by the reasons expressed in your letter to me, whereunto he agreed readely; nevertheless he wished that the motion of the same might procede by some meane coming from the French King. And pretending to have in memorie that he had ben acquainted with matters touching the conveniencie to comprehend the French King in this treatie, he said that he coold call the same to better remembrance, and thereon give you advertisment of his conceit seming still to yeld to draw the French King into this treatie.

After the receipt of these letters and consideration of the matter, he thought it expedient to have with him your letter to be addressed to Neyle Kaus, Chancellor of Denmark, and to such effects as by his letter inclosed will appear unto you. Therefore he hath required me both to give you very spedie knowledge thereof, and also to procure your letter for the Chancelor of Denmark to be sent to him with all possible expedition, that he be not dryven to loose any good mynde by his aboade for your letter required. He hath deferred his voiage to the King untill he may understand the resolution of the convention to assemble at this towne the 30th hereof to take order for the Kings transportation. For albeit the former convention charged the Brughs with the whole provision of shipps for that purpose, yet upon their refusall to performe the same this latter Convention is called as before I have certified unto you. He looketh to be ready to imbark about the 12th hereof, purposing to staie some while for your letter, and hartelie praieing you to send it with speid: upon which occasion I have addressed these to you with his hastie and extraordinarie direction.

Sondrie other matters I have in readines to advertise unto you, but understanding that th' Erle Bothwell will conferre with me in the parts of the instructions committ to Mr. Richard Douglas, commed hither on Mondaie last, I attend his Lordships leisure and staie th' others that I may send all things together to you." Edinburgh. "Postscript—

At the closing up of these th' Erle Crawford and the Lord Sancker came to me, calling for her Majesties safe conduct to passe through England, which by your former was certified to be granted by her Majestie and sent to them. They pressed me to give them pasport and warrant under my hand; and Crawford pretendeth to be in mynde to abide in England; but being advertised by your former that her Majestie had granted them her safe conduct, I staie to give them any other untill I shall receive direction herein, which it may please you to send with spede." Edinburgh.

13.—To the Lord Treasurer and Sir Francis Walsingham. [Mar. 8.]

"In th' execution of all your directions given me by your severall letters of the 17th, 18th, and 20th of February last, I first delivered to the Duke of Lenox her Majesties letter addressed to him, and accompanied the same with such memorialls both of her Majesties great favour tendred to his father after his arrivall in this realme and presentlie to himself, and also with the causes moving her Majestie to change and withdraw her good countenance from his father, upon the experience and sight of his defection in the course promised, as thereby he semeth to me to be sufficientlie warned, and bent to flie th' errours of his father, and with good offices to deserve the continuance of her Majesties good opinion towards him, wherein himself and sondrie of the well affected planted by the King about him have promised due accomplishment.

In all things touching Colonell Steward I have by my letter of the 5th hereof given you advertisment. He prepareth to be redie for his voiage to the King with all the spede he can, thinking to be dispatched by the next Convention about the 12th hereof. But I think verily that the Convention shall not resolve and putt these affaires in such redines as he can depart before the 20th hereof.

Th' Earle of Crawford and the Lord Sancker, being redie to enter into their travell, do daily run on me for her Majesties safe conduct to passe through England, where Crawford pretendeth to be disposed to remayne some tyme; yet some thinking to understand part of his counsell and diett, perswadeth me that he will not make any great haste to depart out of this realme. It may please you nevertheless either to send to me the safe conduct or els direction what answer I shall give them.

On the first of this month the daughter of th' Erle Bothwell was baptised at the Holyroodehouse by the name of Elizabeth, where the Countesse of Murray supplied her Majesties place as one of the witnesses of the baptisme of that child. I presented for her Majestie to the Countesse of Bothwell one very faire bason and ewer of silver gilt and graven to the value near of 100l to be given by her Majestie to the child. This present was received with great thanks, and in the honour of her Majesties gift was shewed at the feast and bankett continueing three daies together with great charge and tryumphe.

The Countesse of Murray, trusting to find her Majesties favour to her for her fathers sake, and thinking that her service done at this tyme should put her Majestie in mynde of her fathers and of her owne devotion to her Majestie, pressed me very earnestlie to commend her sute to her Majestie, beseeching her Highnes to vouchesave at her petition to graunt pardon to George Tate, one of her Majesties pensioners in Barwick, for the slaughter of Nicholas Henry latelie slain by him in that town, which sute committ to my commendation to you to be preferred to her Majestie at the petition of this Ladie it maie please you to recommend and dispose as opportunitie shall be offered.

Th' Erle Bothwell understanding that the Spanish bark at Whitehorn was on flote and at her libertie doubted that she should escape, and could not be brought to Glasco, according to th' order of the Counsell sett down in that behalf; he therefore informed the Counsell of her estate and his doubt, seeking to be disburdayned of the charge; he moved my self in like case: but letting him see that I could give no advice or admitt anything against the resolution and order registred by the Counsell, and that th' escape of the bark should draw himself into great suspicion and blemish his honour, he resolved to seeke to staie her by all the means in his power; and thereon he wrote to the Larde of Loughenvarie to seeke to gett the bark into his possession and to kepe her safelie, giving to Loughenvarie th' office of Vice Admiraltie on that cost to stirr him to be more deligent herein. Loughenvarie hath written and certified to him that the lieutenant of the bark was in his house at the receipt of th' Erle's letter, whereupon he hath him, and will seeke by the lieutenants means and all other waies to possesse the bark, yet he remayneth in doubt of the successe thereof. The capten contineweth in the custodie of Bothwell, and hath oftentymes sought to be suffered to go unto the bark. And when three expert pilotts were sent to the bark with intent to have caried her into Spaine, they are staied at the commandment of Bothwell. The Counsell is in great distrust that the bark shall be brought unto and laid up at Glasco according to their order, yet Bothwell promised me to imploy himself and all power to take her and kepe her as the Counsell hath directed or as her Majestie shall advise.

I am crediblie advertised that the Irish Busshop came to Glasco, where being founde a Papist and suspected of practise, he was staied by the Provost; but after your caution given for his appearance upon call, he was dismissed and was seen to imbark himself for Ireland. Sithence I am advertised he is not departed out of this realme, but returned and hath appointed to be shortlie in this towne, which if it shall so fall forth I shall, by Gods favour, give you better accompt of him. I am also informed that a Catholick is latilie commed to Huntley and kept close with him at Boggyghethe. It is thought to be this Irish Busshop, but there is no certaintie thereof.

The Spanish faction hold themselves very quiett; yett I and others have been latelie told that some of the meane Lords were appointed to have attempted a stirre in this towne, which should have been seconded by others of greater calling and strength; but thereof no certainetee appeareth. They have appointed to mete together about St. Johnstons on the 8 or 9th daie of this month. Albeit that they still provide and give assurance by letters and words to kepe themselves quite during the Kings absence, yet this estate dare give no creditt to them.

Claude Hamilton hath offered to this Assemblie of the Ministrie presentlie at Edenburgh that, upon commission to be given to him by the Counsell to apprehend Papists and excommunicate persons in the contrie about him, he shall soon and roundlie ridd the realme of them or fill the prisons.

Th' Earle of Montrosse hath made large offers to Mr. Robert Bruce, and he hath done like to myself, with such protestations to continew a faithfull Christain in this religion, a loyall subject to the King, and a sincere devoted person to her Majestie, as no further words or promises nede to be added; albeit I have recounted to him in what courses he hath bein found, and how jealouse men are of him, yet we ended and remaine in good termes.

The Lard of Fentree came before this Assemblie offering caution in very great somes to do nothing against the religion and peace of this realme, prayeing some conference and time to be further advised for satling of his owne conscience. Th' Erles Bothwell, Montrosse, the Lord Seaton, and the Lard of Ballwery came with him to entreat for him, prayeing th' Assemblie to give him 20 daies respett with leave to abide in this towne and travell in his own affaires. Th' Assemblie granted 20 daies respett, which tyme he would not accept, but demanded to have 40 daies. And because th' Assembly wold not grant that tyme to him, he is departed in some passion and offence. It hath been told me that albeit the Busshop of Glasco sought to preferr him to be a Cardinall, and that he was in good hope to be advanced to the same, yet now he is otherwise purposed, and will shortlie marry. The manner of his said behaviour and departure, and the companie soliciting his cause for him to th' Assembly, have greatly stirred th' Assembly against himself and the suters for him as publickly hath appeared.

Th' Assemblie of the Ministery gathered here at this present have bein earnest suters to the Counsell to put in spedie execution the former orders given and enacted for the punishment and banishment of Jesuits, and seminaries, excommunicats, and Papists, and for prevention of practises to drawe into this realme forraign forces. The whole Counsell came into th' Assembly, promising both to give indilate direction for the execution of the said orders agreable to their requests, and also in all things to concurre with and assist them for the maintenance of the religion and orders in the Church. And with their assents and authorities commissions are to be granted to fitt persons in every countrie, both to apprehend all Jesuits, seminaries, excommunicats, and Papists, committing them to prison until further order shall be taken with them, and also to inquire as well of all such persons and Papists, as also of others that seeke to joyne with any forrayne Prince, or attempt any seditious fact or breach of the peace; which orders being well digested and fraymed shall afterwards by allowances of the Counsell be sett fourth in print, to be duelie executed for preservation of religion, th' estate established by the King, and common peace of this realme.

By my former and severall letters it appeareth to you how this matter hath proceded and is now like to be putt in practise. Th' effects that shall follow upon th' enquiries to be made in every countrie that thereon the parsons worthy chastisment may be apprehended and kept in safe custodie are to succeede. And it is intended that no good occasion shall be omitted to pull up the evill wedes that choke the good herbes, as upon opportunitie will happelie be approved.

George Peterson, Fleming, that took a ship of Harwich and killed the master of the said ship and a ship of Lynn loden with corn, and a ship of Ipswich loden likewise with corn which he brought and sould here, remayneth in prison in this towne of Edenburghe to answer his facts. He pleadeth a letter of marc given by the Duke of Parma, and great meanes are made for th' allowance of the same and his libertie: but finding him committ upon th' information of M. Ashby, and that he hath both caried himself very evill against her Majesties subjects, and also still threatneth to dubble his dedes against England in very spitefull sort, I have therefore alleaged that his letter supposed to be his warrant is both counterfait, and also ought not to be allowed in this realme, seing he hath brought hither the ship and goods taken by robbery. He is staid for some tyme at my request. It may therefore please you to give me direction what I shall further do to give triall to this prisoner by assyse, agreable to the laws of this realme, or els to seek his detencion in sort as shall be thought convenient, and to cause such parties spoiled or some of them to follow and give evidence against him." Edinburgh.

14.—To Sir Francis Walsingham. [Mar. 8.]

"Upon receipt of your letter sent to me by Mr. Richard Douglas and view of the memoriall committ to him in answer of his affaires proponed for th' Erle Bothwell, th' Erle and he conferred with me for th' execution of th' advice given thereby; wherein the Erle hath depelie protested to prosecute the same with all good faith and diligence, and did shew himself of many good devises and strataghems promising th' advancment of the effects wished.

In this conferance he readelie resolved to imploy and send his servant James Grayme, brother to the Lard of Fentrey, with his letter to the Duke of Parma, and with full instructions to this messenger to intertaine good intelligence with the Duke, to report to him the dangerous condition of his frends in this realme, and to pray and bring to th' Erle the Duke's resolution and order how the dangers might be avoided and the King of Spaines frends be delivered. At th' Erle's request, and bicause Mr. Douglas shewed to me that it was your pleasure that I should be acquainted with these matters and do myne endeavour for the furtherance of them, therefore I agreed to frame some draught of the letter and instructions in English, to be by him or other translated into Italian, which letter and instructions I have drawen as nere as I could to the course advised by the memoriall, saving that in th'instructions I have sett fourthe in some particular sort the greatness of her Majesties navie and armies prepared, and the forces appointed by her Majestie to aide this estate by sea and land to suppresse the Spanish faction; whereby this messenger may lett the Duke see in what perill his frends here are wrapped, and to prosecute the cause according to th' instructions given him. The copies of which letter and instructions shall be sent to you so soon as they shall be perfected and put in Italian; and th' Erle purposeth to do it and dispatche the messenger within very few daies. Th' Erle is alreadie passed over the water to meete with Huntlay, Arrell, and the rest at S. Johnstons, promising to travell and deale with them, as by the memoriall is advised. He seemed to me to be ignorant that those Lords and confederates had apponted any meting. Therefore I gave him knowledge as well of their diett sett downe as also of the Irish Busshop that was or had bein with Huntlay. In which behalf and in all others he promiseth to give good satisfaction to her Majestie at his returne.

I looked that he should have acquainted me with especiall secrets to have bein commended to her Majestie for the benefit of her service, according to your expectation and letter sent by Mr. Douglas: but he hath not hitherto opened to me any matter, other then that some Papists of England seeke to have intelligence with the Papists in this realme, wherein I have by my former letters so farre alreadie advertised you. And where he could not remember the names of the Inglish Papists travaling here, and that I had bein advised that John Boast and one Rockwood were in Northumberland to solicite this cause with the Papists here, I naymed them to him; whereupon he affirmed to be them, but I perceive he is not very sure thereof. At his conference with these Lords he will informe himself with the full certaintie, and of it and all others give me knowledge at his return, whereupon I shall further advertise you.

Upon his retorne he purposeth to procure with the consent of the Counsell a generall Convention of the Nobilitie and States for the good execution of this course advised by the memorial aforesaid. I trust to make him such help herein as this Counsell shall readely consent to convene these estates; but I fear that not many of the Counsell shall agree and joyne to execute the matter as necessitie shall require if it be once broched.

Of his own accord he hath thought it expedient to acquaint Mr. Robert Bruce with the wholl contents of the memoriall, and with resolution to put the same in practice so well and farre as his powre shall serve him, and having no fitt tyme and leasure to do the same with Mr. Bruce as the waight of the matter required, he referred him to conferr with Mr. Douglas and me, which we did, finding Mr. Bruce very loath to be privie to such actions, and also greatlie jelouse and doubtfull of the happie event. Nevertheless by Mr. Douglas and my self he is pleased to attend the successe, and for the benefitt of religion and quietnes in this realme to kepe the matter quiet.

Bicause the good discoverie of the designes of the King of Spain to be done in this Isle, France, or els where may be profitable for her Majesties service, and that th' Erle thinketh that by the imployment of the capten of the Spanish bark, and some fitt person of qualitie to be sent into Spaine in this bark at Whitehorn shall readelie accomplish the same, and hoping that under that colour he may most easely recover the bark into his hands, therefore he hath advised and offered to imploy and send the bark [in] companie with [an] especiall person apt for the service into Spaine with letters to the King and others there, and with direction to travell therein as by her Majestie and Counsell shall be advised: but finding the matter full of difficulties, I have chosen rather to advertise his offer then to agree to the same, to th' intent that upon good consideration thereof you may direct to do as shall be thought expedient.

Understanding by Mr. Douglas that he hath alredie made you privie to th' information given to Bothwell by the said captaine for what cause they were sent into this realme, and what they should have done here, therefore I have forborne either to travell further, and to trouble you with nedeles advertisment, commending that matter to the view of the notes shewed to you by Mr. Archibald Douglas who hath the same.

Bicause this Counsell or any other principall person will be hardelie drawen and perswaded to touch or apprehend any noblemen, especiallie whilst no evident crime can be objected and proved against him, and that nevertheless it is necessarie and shall well satisfie her Majestie that the cheife heades stirring troubles and sedition in this realme in the Kings absence should be apprehended and warded, therefore for the more easie compassing of the matter I have sought that the Assemblie of the Kirk should presse the Counsell to award their commission for enquirie of Papists and practisers, trusting that upon presentation made of any manifest fact to be proved against the seditious heades as I think none of them shall be spared, that thereon (or by th' other devise to be put in execution at the generall Convention before mentioned) some good course shall be taken for the benefitt of the common causes and for her Majesties good contentment, upon which hope and matter I stay my self and doings, and shall with all care and diligence advance the successe hereof. All others touching chefelie these causes with th' Erle Bothwell, and other th' occurrents here, I referr them to the letters of Mr. Richard Douglas addressed to his uncle Mr. Archibald, who hath order to shew the same to you. Lastly I beseche you favorably to pardon in me this tedious manner of writing." Edinburgh.

"Copie of the Sidell annexed in the said Letter to Mr. Secretarie 8° Mar. 1589."

"Having made mention in my other with these of an enterprise intended to have bein latelie attempted in this towne, I thought good therefore to certifie the same to you, notwithstanding that the matter is not creditted, and that both the parties against whom it should have been enterprised, and such as have received th' information, seeke to suppresse the brute thereof, distrusting the truth of the tale. It was told to some of this Counsell and Churche that Crawford and Sancker were appointed sodainely to have assalted Glames in this towne with their own retinewes here; and that upon this affray begun, th' other noblemen of their partis and present here should have seconded and assisted them, and thereon to have killed the Master of Glames, Sir Robert Melvile, Blantire, Colluthye, and the Registers Counsellours, also fowre of the Ministery and others; but finding the Ministry and others here so well on their gard, and that this towne was readie and resolute to assist them with great force, th' enterprisers staied their purpose rather upon their own particulars than for any practise touching th' estate. This matter is kept very secrett, because th' information is not credited as before, and the parties interessed intend to search the bottom of it, knowing very well that if it was indede in intention, then th' enterprisers will in tyme assay and renew th' attempt. That it be not known to have bein certified and disclosed by me, who can not escape my part in the tragidie, I have thought good in this manner to committ this to your knowledge and secrecie, beseeching you to use and dispose of it as you think the suspicion deserveth, and as I be not any author thereof.

By your former your opinion seemed to be satled to lay no foundation on 322, but I find the most waightie matters do depend and are hazarded on his faith and constant dealing, having both entred into an absolute trust to traffick with the professed enemies of religion and th' estates of this Isle, and also thereby obtayned powre to frame and carry all his deseignes at his own appetite. Because this hath been so well considered by the wisdome of those that can best determyn it, and is directed to me to be prosecuted in th' order appointed, I shall therefore do my diligence in th' advancement of the good successe, and awaite the happie issue of the same. Nevertheles seing that by the condition of this contrie th' intertaynement of one shall be the losse of another, I fear that sondry well affected shall be deplie wounded with the view of this new course: and amongst these 0700 will start thereat, chefelie in the case he standeth with small contentment that his desier is so little satisfied. But I leave all these to wise consideration. I never doubted but that 323 had ment to have stopped myne entry and aboade in this country and service as 15 hath told you, whereof I was sufficientlie warned, as thereby I hastened my coming hither in sort known to you, otherwise I had bein indeed barred, and after myne entrye such blocks were cast in my waie, and I passed over them as before I have certified.

If my son can presentlie compasse to gitt anie monie, either for his landes to be sould or by any other meanes, I shall therewith give spedie contentment to Mr. Customer Smithe; otherwaies I shall give order to sell my leases and goods and with all possible expedition to see him satisfied."

15.—To Sir Francis Walsingham. [Mar. 8.]

"For the present to be given for her Majestie at the baptisme of th' Erle Bothwell's daughter, I caused a faire bason and ewre of silver well gilt and graven to be made by Thomas Fowlis of this towne of Edenburghe goldsmithe. It weighed 267 ounces ¾ at 6s. 8d. the ounce, amounting to 89l. 5s. sterling. Besides, for the reward to be given for her Majestie to the norise, medwife, musicians, officers, and servants in the Earle Bothwell's house and serving that daie I received of the said Thomas in Scotts gold 20l. sterling; so as he must have in all 109l. 5s., which I have promised shall be paied to him the 16th daie of this month at London. I do therefore hartele pray you to vouchsave to be meane that this some of 109l. 5s. thus due to him may be thankfully paide to him for discharge of my promis, and to help him to satisfie his creditors in London. He is very honest, as I perceive you do alreadie understand, and worthy to find favour. And surely I could not have bought the plate in London under 7s. 6d. the ounce.

Moreover, where I had 200l imprested to me in part of myne entertaynment here, I have served here 100 daies amounting the full some of the said imprest, and I have bein at other great charges in my jorney hither by post, for cariage of letters and intelligence. Therefore I humbly besiche you also to move the Lord Treasurer for me, that my son in my name and for my use may have another imprest of 200l. I am both indebted to the said Thomas Fowlis in a good part of the said imprest, and he also is to furnish me with Scottish money from tyme to tyme and to receive his payment presentlie at London. Wherefore I eftsoones beseche you to help us both. In this my son Raufe shall attend upon you to crave and have your help herein." Edinburgh.

16.—To Sir Francis Walsingham. [Mar. 16.]

"According to your letter of the 4th hereof I delivered to Mr. Richard Douglass your letter addressed to the Lard of Peryogilvie to be speedelie conveied to him, together with another from my self certifieing the Lard that, upon advertisment to be given to me of the tyme and place to be appointed for the baptisme of his child, I should [send] thither one gentleman, to be your deputie at the baptisme. I looke dalie for his letters and appointment of the tyme and place aforehande; and therein I shall see your direction, to be executed agreable to your pleasure: and I do right hartelie thank you for your French occurrents, which have not only comforted many well affected but also wrought to myself much profitt, for at sondray of my frends I can gitt intelligence by the benefitt of such newes more than by the commoditie of other reward. And therefore I must still remayne an humble suter to you to vouchesave to send to me such occurrents as you think fitt for me and this place, and chefelie of th' affaires of France, whereof all men here are very gredie.

Your former packetts of the 26th of February last and 4th hereof were broken up before they came to my hands. I could not perceive that the letters inclosed therein had bein opened, but the seale of the cover of the letters was broken, and the paper rent round about, whereby it was very evident that the same had bein opened. It may please you therefore to give order to the posts as well for th' examination of this default as also for th' avoiding of like errour hereafter.

I am exceedingly pressed by the Lord Hamilton to gitt some help to him to intertaine 50 footemen to be imploied by him in severall places for the quietnes of the Borders and for some small tyme. He offereth to lett me understand the particular manner of the defray of the monie to the footemen for this service and no penny thereof to be reserved for himself. The charge will little exceed 50d. in the month, and the service nede not be continewed two months. This liberalitie will intertaine him with contentment and do some service. Nevertheless being so well warned by you how such motions are taken and imbraced, I dare not make any mention thereof in my letters coming to her Majesties sight before I shall receive better comfort from you of better successe then I hope for; and therfore I have chosen in this manner to commend this matter to you, prayeing you to direct me therein as you think good. The Justice Clark at his coming to you will assaie to procure her Majesties bountie to be shewed towards the King, which I leave to his dealing with you therein.

Mr. Fowler, being much recovered in his health, and yet greved with the paine of the strangurie, has his service remembred to you. I find him as readie as his body and health can suffer to further her majesties service and do you honour, wishing that he maie receive comfort agreable to his good deserving in the same." Edinburgh.

17.—"To the King of Scotts, Copnahaven, and Collonell Steward." [Mar. 22.]

"It may please your excellent Majestie. Th' experience of your good opinion and favour continewed and approved by the view and effects of your late letter to me hath greatlie comforted and doth justlie bynde me both humblie to thank and alwaies to honour and serve you, and also with all care and diligence to do my best endeavour to accomplish the good offices directed by your letter mentioned to be executed by me in this place. And beholding your resolute determination expressed in that letter so constantlie to persevere in the religion and course professed as no contry or ayre shall prevaile to work any change therein in you, I am thereby greatlie encoraged with good hope of happie successe in my present service here, and I surely expect the sweete dewe of Gods blessing in heaven and earth to be plentifully poured upon you, making you to be renowned and knowne to be a Prince of sincere religion, and justice. To th' effects of such vertues, the good and godlie in all places will gladlie addresse themselves and courses.

The generall rumours of forrayne forces and like suspicions of some to partie them in this realme, as your Majestie hath hard and well noted to me, and the late outrages in the Marches, smelling of practice to breake the Borders, have threatned the fall of sondry storms and blasts in this land. Nevertheless God hath hitherto staied the evils and turned the darkness of these clouds into faire brightnes and a peaceable estate, and of such rare calme as seldom hath been seen and long enjoyed here of late yeres: the increase of which estate and calm your tymelie retorne hither shall best continew and norish, and the hope of th' expedition thereof hath presentlie quenched the force of the dangers remembered.

Upon the motion of an overture opened to me by this bearer, Colonell Steward, and which I thought to be both profitable for this Isle, Denmark, and all other Princes and estates professing the reformed religion, and also serving aptly for the condition of this present tyme and matters, I have commended it to her Majestys knowledge and consideration, and thereon received the answer in writing to the same and her Majesties letter addressed to your self. The deliverie of this letter and answer I have committ to this bearer, who being sufficientlie instructed in all the particulars of this cause, I do therefore referr the whole report of the same to his sufficiencie, right hartelie prayeing God to move your hart and blesse your labour in the furtherance thereof, as you maie be worthelie honored with the wished success to be advanced by your means, and alwaies enjoy the benefitt of the fruits springin thereon.

Lastlie, after these affaires of estate, it may please you favorably to accept myne excuse that I cannot put your hounds in breath against your retorne, by want of fitt horses left behind me upon my sodaine repaire hither and uncertainetie of myne abode here; but upon your coming home and disposition to continew that pastime, I shall provide me better and be readie to awaite on you during my remayne in these parts. Thus wishing to your Majestie and gracious Quene spedie and prosperous retorne into this realme, with continuall possession and increase of all perfect wellfare, I pray God preserve you." Edinburgh.

18.—"To the Lord Chancelor of Scotland, at Coupnahaven, and Collonell Stewart." [Mar. 22.]

"Th' advertisment of the Kings Majesties good disposition towards me, and your owne offer of correspondence to me in my present service and negotiation for her Majestie my soveraigne certified by your courteous letters to me, have both greatly comforted me with good hope of happie successe in my charge by your aide and advice, and also bound me to yeild to your Lordship such thanks in word and hart as may approve me thankfull to you, and carefull to deserve the favour tendred and the good opinion conceived towards me; wherein, feeling the insufficiencie of myne own abilitie to requite the greatnes of your curtisies, I must and will addresse me to the grace and bountie of her Majestie to supply my wants, and thankfullie to accept and recompense your Lordships especiall favours to me for the benefit of her Majesties services in my hands.

That the mutuall love and naturall affections entred and reigning in the harts of our soveraignes may be both norished and also increased, if it were possible to add thereunto, and that the happie amitie betwixt their realmes may be preserved, I shall with all care and diligence do myne endeavour, and in my weaknes fly to your Lordships support, knowing your former actions in the furtherance of these effects, her Majesties good opinion conceived, and your own readines to advance that which shall honour and profitt both these soveraignes and keep their kingdoms in wished quietnes.

The brute of forrayn forces with some partis to be made here for them, and the late broiles on the Borders, with jealousie of practise to breake the peace, have stirred great suspicions of troubles and tempests to arise soidainlie in this realme; nevertheless this estate at this present is very peaceable, enjoying such rare calme as seldom hath bein long possessed here of late yeres. I pray God it may be continewed untill and after the Kings retorne. And I wish that some in their mallice against especiall instruments of the preservation and norishment of this peace, . . . . they may have no powre to prejudice this peace, or hurt the person of that worthy member in this goverment.

The bearer, Colonell Steward, will acquaint your Lordship with the manner and effects of an overture made by him to me for the common benefit of this Isle, Denmark, and all other Princes and estates of reformed religion in Europe, and of my doings in the recommendation of the same to her Majesties knowledge and consideration, with tymelie returne of her pleasure and resolution therein. Herein her Majestie hath both retorned answer in writing to the said overture, opened by the Colonell to me, and also written therein particularly to the King your soveraigne: and Sir Francis Walsingham, in the furtherance of the matter, hath written to your Lordship and others in Denmark to such effects as by the sight of such letters and answer will be at large knowne to your Lordship. These letters and answer are committ to the deliverie of this bearer mentioned, and the state of the cause as it is hitherto intertayned and proceded is left to his report, to whose sufficiencie I whollie recommend the same.

And finding by your own letter to my self that God hath offered good occasion for the progress of this plott, as well by the death of some turbulent persons, mainetayners of ubiquitie, and enemies of th' establishment of trew religion in Germanie, and also of the good inclination presentlie kindled in the harts of sondry Princes and personages of qualitie in Germainie, who by the meanes of the King your master and your self may be drawen forward and prepared to imbrace this matter with best affection, therefore it is now high tyme that the King and your self do imploie your wholl and seasonable endevours for th' advancement and expedition of this holie and happie cause, which I wholly commend to your tymlie travells, wishing that you may be honored with the good successe and taste of the frutes springing thereon. Thus with continewall thanks for your goodnes, and resting to be imploied to do your Lordship honour and all pleasures in my powre, I committ you to Gods holie spirit and protection." Edinburgh.

"To the Larde of Carmighell of the same date, and by Collonell Steward."

"Sir, Your late memorie of me by your frendlie letter to me is an approved witness of the continewans of your accustomed good will to me, for the which I do right hartelie thank you, prayeng you likewise to imploy me in all things wherein my self and wholl abilitie may give testimony of my thankful mynde and readiness to requite your curtisies with all pleasures in my power and for your benefit and contentment.

Th' expectation that you have in me to accomplish all good offices in the course for the increase and norishment of the mutuall love betwixt the soveraignes and of th' amitie betwixt these two crownes shall not be frustrate, for with all care and diligence I shall travell for th' advancement thereof: and according to my former resolution, known to you, I am intent to seek releiff and help in my weakness and necessitie during myne aboade in this realme at the hands of your especiall frend, trusting to find his advice and furtherance to be graunted so favorable to me as the service in my charge of the common causes for religion and both the Princes and realmes may take the greater benefitt and successe thereby.

Albeit some troubles were doubted to have risen in this realme by forrayen forces, breach of the Borders, and sudden surprises to have bein attempted, yet hitherto this estate is very quiet and peaceable, and the calme thereof greater than I have looked for or at any time seen it before.

Her Majestie hath imploied and sent into Denmark either Mr. Daniel Rogers or some other lately appointed in his place. I think he will be there before the receipt hereof, and awaite on the King your soveraigne, in whom we have great expectation of increase of his honour and happie continewance of the loving affections betwixt her Majestie and him.

This bearer can and will shew you all forraine newes and the present state of this country. All the same will be so large and well knowne unto you before the receipt of my letter as I have chosen to leave them to his report." Edinburgh.

19.—To Sir Francis Walsingham. [Mar. 24.]

"Your two severall letters of the 15 and 17th hereof in one packett, together with th' extract of the letter intercepted, I have received, finding thereby that 323 hath both kept secret to himself part of his intelligence and doings with Parma, and also offered matter beyond his reach and performance. He hath before this entertayned intelligence with Parma, stirring thereby others in this realme to the like, whereupon the most part of all those suspicions latelie conceived by th' arrivall of the Spanish bark, and of the practises with Spaine hath bein grounded. He knoweth what the Spanish faction here is purposed to attempt, for the most of the chefe instruments therein depend on him and his help, and have been latelie with him in his last absence over the water, wherein by his own letter by Mr. Richard, and by other very credible persons, you may understand that he had dealings with them: nevertheless he will be knowne to me to have none with them, or to understand any thing of their deseignes.

But he will ether give you sufficient assurance of his sound intention and dealings by such discoverie as Mr. Richard Douglas shall bring unto you, otherwise it may be thought that he shall not be drawen utterlie to quench all his intelligence with Parma and others, as outwardlie he seemeth to be resolutelie determined. And I have forborne to press him with any importunacie or means to gitt out of him the discoverie of matter, for I wish that some others might guide the inward course with him, but rather to leave them to the report of Mr. Richard or his own advertisment by letter.

Where he doth intertaine intelligence he useth to lay platts and make large overtures as by the extract appeareth, having offered the pece whereof he hath litle power; but he pretendeth that some Inglishmen have sought a dangerous course and practise in this realme, wherein I perceive that Charles, late Erle of Westmerland, should have bein a partie, and that for that purpose Westmerland sought meanes to have bein suffered to abide in this realme with suertie; whether this practise intended by the Inglish shall concerne the pece naymed in th' abstract or not I know not, but I am perswaded that he hath little meanes to work any hurt or danger to that towne offered. Nevertheless I leave the matter and your good satisfaction therein to the discoverie of Mr. Richard.

Upon receipt of my Lord Treasurers letter signifieing both her Majesties mislike of the course taken by Bothwell upon the memoriall sent with Mr. Richard Douglas, and also her Majesties purpose to change that course to a latter advise, I have staied the first course resolved by Bothwell, and drawen him to the waie advised by her Majestie, wherein I have advertised the Lord Treasurer of my well doings agreeable to his letter to me. Therefore that the matter and all my doings may be in best tyme likewise known to you, I have sent inclosed to you the duble of my letter to my Lord Treasurer, trusting you will so dispose of it as shall appertaine.

I am lothe to trouble you any more for the safe conduct for Crawford and Sancker, or your letter to the Master of Glames or Mr. Murray, because the delaie thereof assureth me that they are found not meet to be granted: which opinion if I knew I wold gladlie follow, and nevertheles content the parties and kepe my credit by such course as I shall take with them. It may therefore please you to give me some knowledge thereof as you think fitt." Edinburgh.

20.—To the Lord Treasurer. 1590. [May 1.]

"This daie the first of May, about 7 of the clock in the afternoon, the King of Scotland, and the Quene, the Commissioners for Denmark, and the rest of his companie landed at Leeth with five shipps of Denmark and three of Scotland; the rest fell off in the chace of a pirate that crossed before some of the fleet and be not yet retorned. After that the King had brought the Queen to her lodging, and upon the end of an oration in Latin by Mr. James Elfinston, he entred into the church at Leithe, and there hard a sermon by Patrick Gallowaie, and after retorned to the Quene at her lodging in Leith where he remaineth this night.

The Duke of Brunswick, coming to Elsonure on the 10th daie of Aprill last, sought to be maried to the King of Denmark's sister before the departure of the King of Scotts, who wold not agree to tarrie about 7 daies, and the Duke of Miglebourgh praied that the mariage might not be in the Passion week. The Quene Mother of Denmark referred her vote to the pleasure of the King of Scotts, to whose advice she said she wold committ herself, her estate, and children; so as the mariage was solemnized on Easters daie last, and the King of Scotts with the Quene imbarked on Tuesdaie next after, as before I have written.

It hath bein told me that soone after the Duke of Brunswick's coming to Elsinore, the Kings of Scotts and Denmark, the Dukes of Brunswick, Miglebrough, Pomerland, and Holstein, with the Commissioners for the Duke of Saxony and others, have entred into band or league, as well for the common defence of religion as also for their mutuall amities and supports in all things concerning their persons, estates, and dominions; wherein upon some motion of an article to be made for preservation of the King of Scotts title to the crowne of England after her Majestie, I am informed that the old Duke of Miglebrough redelie accorded to that article, but that Brunswick, praieing to be advised thereon, did staie his resolution for two nights, and after consented with the rest.

It was looked that some imploied by her Majestie should have been there with them before the Kings departure, but none for her Majestie was then comed thither.

I am also advertised that the King is purposed to call a Parliament to begin within two months or thereabouts, to establish as well the estate of the Quene as also the policie and levings of the Church, and to increase his own revenues by some part of the possessions of abbaies and other like lands of the Church, with sondrie other matters of importance; and that the coronation of the Quene shall be within 20 daies or thereabouts, except it shall be staied for the coming of any especiall personages of qualitie to be sent hither by her Majestie, which is the rather looked for at this tyme, because her Majestie was pleased before to have imploied and sent hither a nobleman to congratulate the Quene of Scotts mariage and repaire into this realme.

It is intended that the Duke of Lenox and Lord John Hamilton with twa of the cheefe ministers shall sett the crowne on the Quenes head, a noveltie not seen before, and thereby some scruple made by some for the convenience thereof.

The Lard of Carmighell, having direction by the King to dispose and put all things in order at the Kings landing, required me to staie myne accesse unto him untill the Lard should bring me knowledge of the Kings pleasure therein; for the King's arrivall is so late in this daie, and the house at Holyroodehouse not fullie prepared for him, as it is thought meete to lodge at Leeth for this night, and further as upon deliberation shall be found convenient." Edinburgh.

21.—To the Lord Treasurer. [May 4.]

"On Saterdaie last the 2d hereof, I received your Lordship's last letters of the 27th of Aprill last past. The same daie I had been with the King by his own appointment in the feild nere to Leith, where I found him hunting, accompanied with a verie small number, and to recreate himself after his long voiage and late arrivall the night before.

After due and ordinarie compliments done unto him, and sundrie discourses made by him, as well of his doings and successe in his jorney as also of the present state of this realme, I entered to signifie to him that, upon the motion of the overture first moved to myself by Collonell Stewart and after renewed and recommended to her Majestie by himself with Justice Clark, her Majestie had accepted the same very kyndelie and was desierous of the good progress thereof, giving him her Majesties hartie thanks for his frendlie dealinges and good will shewed in the furtherance of that cause and towards her Majestie.

Hereupon he told me that soon after the coming of the Duke of Brunswick to him, for whom and chefelie for the advancement of this matter he staied so long beyond his diett and purpose, he took occasion to conferr and treat in that behalf with the King and State of Denmark, the Dukes of Brunswick and Old Miglebrough, and so farr prevailed with them as they are readie to proceed therein with all expedition and good will and as shall be thought most convenient; that these Princes and others will be assembled together at the mariage betwixt Brunswick and the King of Denmark's sister to be made on Trinitie Sondaie next: for albeit that the mariage is already consummate, yet the solemnization thereof is deferred untill the tyme mentioned, and he purposeth both to imploy and send to her Majestie an especiall person to advertise her Highnes of all his doing herein, and what course he thinketh best to be taken for the intimation of the matter to the King of Spain, and progresse of the League for preservation of Religion by all the Princes to be joyned and confiderated in this League, to th' intent he may thereon receive knowledge of her Majesties own good liking and advice in the same; and also upon receipt of her Majesties pleasure to addresse some fitt persons to prosecute the matter at th' assemblie of the said mariage in such sort as shall be advised and thought meet by her Majestie. For the better preparation and spede of this purpose he hath given me order to conferre with the Lord Chancelor here, who on Saterdaie last appointed to meet me the next daie at the Court; but at coming thither to him, I found him so greatlie occupied with great affairs as in very earnest manner he praied to be spared for some little tyme, promising to give advertisement and to be redie to proceede with me upon the first good leisure he could gitt, which I fear shall be so uncertain, by the greatnes of his troublesome causes in hand, as I thought it my duetie to certifie your Lordship by these presents of my doings alreadie past, and as I shall proceed further with the Chancelor I shall give your Lordship tymelie advertisment.

The King let me know that he found Brunswick something nice at the first motion to joyne in this confideration, suspending his resolution for three or four daies with him, but the King perswaded him and drew the State of Denmark and Old Miglebrugh so to deal with him as he consented to take part with the rest. And it appeareth now to me that this delaie in Brunswick answer and consent did proceede only of the motion of the matter proponed for this common League, and not upon any article touching England to be inserted in th' accords concluded amongst the Princes then present at that place and tyme for the mutuall amities, as before I had bein informed and have signified by my last before these. Moreover, the King let me know that Ramelius is of opinion that the King of Spain will gladly imbrace the mediation of a Peace; wherein it seemeth to the King that Ramelius had some advertisement or other matter of importance to warrant his opinion therein.

The King thinketh it convenient that the French King with th' advice of her Majestie be made prievie herein, and to be comprehended in the League; wherein upon my conference with the Chancelor I shall satisfie your Lordship better, and in all other particularities and circumstances concerning this cause.

It is verie common and farr spred in this realme that Justice Clark departed from her Majestie and retorned hither with little contentment and satisfaction in his earands proponed to her Majestie for the King. I have found the Justice Clark's own words and behaviour herein verie discret, and that the King is nothing discomfeited or displeased with his successe, saieing to me that as he will francklie cast himself his estate and wellfaire into the armes of her Majesties good will and affection towards him, with purpose so to imploie himself and deserve at her Majesties hands as he trusteth to be alwaies in his necessities relieved by her Highnes's bountie to enable him to do her Majestie the greater pleasures, as I think in his own letters shall be approved and inlarged.

Yesterdaie I had accesse to the Quene, and after all due and accustomed curtesies, I let her understand how kyndlie her Majestie my soveraigne did accept of her late letters presented to her, and how greatlie it should please her Majestie to know of her safe arrivall in this realme and good health after her long voiage on the seas, with such other complements as might best please her and intertayne the tyme; whereupon she shewed me that by the favour and goodwill that she hath found by her Majesties letter to her self and by other her Majesties good affection towards her as she doth yeld verie hartie thanks and also professeth especial love and gladlie to do her Majestie all pleasures in her powre.

The coronation of the Quene is appointed to be on the 17th daie of this month of May, where I perceive it shall be verie comfortable to the King so he be then honored with the presence of any noble personage to be sent hither by her Majestie, and her Majesties late presents prepared to have been presented to the Quene at her mariage shall come in most acceptable tyme and be thankfullie received.

That your Lordship may know th' especiall persons in this realme commanded to be present at this coronation, and the Counsellors, Commissioners and companie of Denmark comed hither with the King, together with th' order given by proclamation for the honorable enterteynment of them during their aboad here, I have sent to your Lordship the copies inclosed. All others to the next." Edinburgh.

22.—"By me Robt. Bowes Esq.

Thesaurer of Berwik and her Majesties Ambassidor presentlye in Scotland.

For as much as the bearer hereof Gowen Smyth, Scotsman, with his servaunt, are commended to me for personages of good creditt to have bene about thair affaires at London with request that they might have my pasporte, accordinglye I have thought good to give you knowledge hereof, and further to chardge and command you and every of you, that you permitt the said Gowen and his servant to passe without any your letts, trobles, or impediments whatsoever, they carieing themselves agreeable to her Majesties lawes. Faile not herein, as you and every of you may answer the contrary at your perills." Edinburgh.

Addressed: "To all Justices of Peace, Majors, Sheriffes, Bailiffs, Headbroughs of &c."

23.—"By me Robt. Bowes of Feske Esq. 1591. [July 6.]

Thesaurer of Barwick and her Majesties Ambassidor presentlye in Scotland.

For as much as I have despatched the bearer hereof William Wood, my servant, to make his personall repaire by poast to the Court about her Majesties speciall affairs, I do therefore will and require and in her Majesties name straitly chardge and command you to see him furnished from tyme to tyme and place to place, as well in his repayre thither as in his retorne from thence, with twoe able and sufficient poast horses and with a guyde accordinglye, and that att the rates and prices ordinary and accustomed, whereof faile you not as you tender her Majesties service and will answer the contrary at your perills." Edinburgh.

Addressed: "To all and singuler her Majesties Poaste Masters, Majors, Baliffs, and all other whom it may concern."